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Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence among adolescents and adults in Malawi, 2015-2016.
Topazian, Hillary M; Gumbo, Austin; Puerto-Meredith, Sydney; Njiko, Ruth; Mwanza, Alexis; Kayange, Michael; Mwalilino, David; Mvula, Bernard; Tegha, Gerald; Mvalo, Tisungane; Edwards, Jessie K; Emch, Michael; Pettifor, Audrey; Smith, Jennifer S; Hoffman, Irving; Meshnick, Steven R; Juliano, Jonathan J.
Afiliación
  • Topazian HM; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA. hillaryt@live.unc.edu.
  • Gumbo A; National Malaria Control Programme, Malawi Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Puerto-Meredith S; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA.
  • Njiko R; University of North Carolina Project-Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Mwanza A; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA.
  • Kayange M; National Malaria Control Programme, Malawi Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Mwalilino D; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Malawi Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Mvula B; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Malawi Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Tegha G; University of North Carolina Project-Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Mvalo T; University of North Carolina Project-Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi.
  • Edwards JK; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  • Emch M; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA.
  • Pettifor A; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA.
  • Smith JS; Department of Geography, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  • Hoffman I; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA.
  • Meshnick SR; Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  • Juliano JJ; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 18740, 2020 10 30.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33127922
Malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Malawi, with an estimated 18-19% prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum in children 2-10 years in 2015-2016. While children report the highest rates of clinical disease, adults are thought to be an important reservoir to sustained transmission due to persistent asymptomatic infection. The 2015-2016 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey was a nationally representative household survey which collected dried blood spots from 15,125 asymptomatic individuals ages 15-54 between October 2015 and February 2016. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction on 7,393 samples, detecting an overall P. falciparum prevalence of 31.1% (SE = 1.1). Most infections (55.6%) had parasitemias ≤ 10 parasites/µL. While 66.2% of individuals lived in a household that owned a bed net, only 36.6% reported sleeping under a long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) the previous night. Protective factors included urbanicity, greater wealth, higher education, and lower environmental temperatures. Living in a household with a bed net (prevalence difference 0.02, 95% CI - 0.02 to 0.05) and sleeping under an LLIN (0.01; - 0.02 to 0.04) were not protective against infection. Our findings demonstrate a higher parasite prevalence in adults than published estimates among children. Understanding the prevalence and distribution of asymptomatic infection is essential for targeted interventions.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Plasmodium falciparum / Malaria Falciparum Tipo de estudio: Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Sci Rep Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
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XML
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Plasmodium falciparum / Malaria Falciparum Tipo de estudio: Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Sci Rep Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido