Biocognitive Classification of Antisocial Individuals Without Explanatory Reductionism.

Jurjako, Marko; Malatesti, Luca; Brazil, Inti A

Jurjako, Marko; Malatesti, Luca; Brazil, Inti A.

Afiliación

Jurjako M; Project Responding to Antisocial Personalities in a Democratic Society (RAD), Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Rijeka, University of Rijeka.
Malatesti L; Project Responding to Antisocial Personalities in a Democratic Society (RAD), Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Rijeka, University of Rijeka.
Brazil IA; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University.

Perspect Psychol Sci ; 15(4): 957-972, 2020 07.

Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32502369

RESUMEN

Effective and specifically targeted social and therapeutic responses for antisocial personality disorders and psychopathy are scarce. Some authors maintain that this scarcity should be overcome by revising current syndrome-based classifications of these conditions and devising better biocognitive classifications of antisocial individuals. The inspiration for the latter classifications has been embedded in the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach. RDoC-type approaches to psychiatric research aim at transforming diagnosis, provide valid measures of disorders, aid clinical practice, and improve health outcomes by integrating the data on the genetic, neural, cognitive, and affective systems underlying psychiatric conditions. In the first part of the article, we discuss the benefits of such approaches compared with the dominant syndrome-based approaches and review recent attempts at building biocognitive classifications of antisocial individuals. Other researchers, however, have objected that biocognitive approaches in psychiatry are committed to an untenable form of explanatory reductionism. Explanatory reductionism is the view that psychological disorders can be exclusively categorized and explained in terms of their biological causes. In the second part of the article, we argue that RDoC-like approaches need not be associated with explanatory reductionism. Moreover, we argue how this is the case for a specific biocognitive approach to classifying antisocial individuals.

Asunto(s)

Trastorno de Personalidad Antisocial/clasificación; Investigación Biomédica; Disfunción Cognitiva/clasificación; Trastornos Mentales/clasificación; Trastorno de la Conducta Social/clasificación; Trastorno de Personalidad Antisocial/diagnóstico; Trastorno de Personalidad Antisocial/fisiopatología; Trastorno de Personalidad Antisocial/terapia; Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico; Disfunción Cognitiva/fisiopatología; Disfunción Cognitiva/terapia; Humanos; Trastornos Mentales/diagnóstico; Trastornos Mentales/fisiopatología; Trastornos Mentales/terapia; Trastorno de la Conducta Social/diagnóstico; Trastorno de la Conducta Social/fisiopatología; Trastorno de la Conducta Social/terapia; Síndrome

Palabras clave

Research Domain Criteria; antisocial personality disorder; biocognitive classification; explanatory reductionism; psychiatric nosology; psychopathy

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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Trastorno de la Conducta Social / Investigación Biomédica / Disfunción Cognitiva / Trastornos Mentales / Trastorno de Personalidad Antisocial Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies Límite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Perspect Psychol Sci Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos

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