AIV, avian influenza virus; Antivirals; BBF, brush border fragments from midgut; BTV, bluetongue virus; C.VT, number of host cells with bound virus at temperature T; CD4, host cell receptor for HIV; Cp, heat capacity at constant pressure; Cr, host cell receptor; Ctotal, number of host cells which can bind virus in a given volume of host fluid (midgut or blood); DENV, Dengue virus; EA, activation energy; EBOV, Zaire ebolavirus; EM, electron microscopy; Entropy; Env, HIV gp120 trimer envelope protein which binds to a single CD4 molecule; FcT, fraction of arthropod midgut cells with bound virus at temperature T; GP, viral (glyco)protein on virus surface that binds to Cr; HA, haemagglutinin; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HSV-2, herpes simplex virus type 2; Heat capacity; Ka_virus_T, association constant for binding of virus to host cells at temperature T; Kd_receptor_T, dissociation constant for GP from Cr at temperature T; Kd_virus, dissociation constant for virus from host cell; M, molar (moles dm-3); R, ideal gas constant; SA, sialic acid; SIV, simian immunodeficiency virus; Temperature; Vfree, virus not bound to cells; Virus size; Vtotal, virus challenge dose in volume of host fluid; WEEV, Western equine encephalitis virus; WNV, West Nile virus; ZnOT, zinc oxide tetrapod; n, number of GP/Cr contacts made on virus binding to cell; pcompleteT, probability given a virion has bound to the surface of a midgut cell that that midgut cell becomes infected and that its progeny viruses go on to infect the salivary gland so completing the arthropod infection process within the life time of the arthropod at temperature T; ptransmissionT, probability of successful infection of the arthropod salivary glands after oral exposure at temperature T; ΔCp, change in heat capacity; ΔGa_virus_T, change in Gibbs free energy on association of virus and host cell at temperature T; ΔHa_receptor_T, change in enthalpy for binding of virus GP to host Cr receptor at a temperature T; ΔHa_virus_T, change in enthalpy for binding of virus to host cell at temperature T; ΔSa_immob, change in entropy on immobilization of whole virus to cell surface; ΔSa_non_specific, change in entropy on immobilization of virus to cell surface through non-specific binding; ΔSa_receptor_T, change in entropy for binding of virus GP to host Cr receptor; ΔSa_specific, change in entropy on immobilization of virus to cell surface through specific GP/Cr-driven binding; ΔSa_virus_T, change in entropy for binding of virus to host cell at temperature T