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Biomechanical simulations reveal a trade-off between adaptation to glacial climate and dietary niche versatility in European cave bears.
Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro; Tseng, Z Jack; Grandal-D'Anglade, Aurora; Rabeder, Gernot; Pastor, Francisco J; Figueirido, Borja.
Afiliación
  • Pérez-Ramos A; Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
  • Tseng ZJ; Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
  • Grandal-D'Anglade A; Instituto Universitario de Xeoloxia, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, Spain.
  • Rabeder G; University of Vienna, Institute of Palaeontology and Naturkundliche Station Lunz am See, Vienna, Austria.
  • Pastor FJ; Departamento de Anatomía y Radiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47005, Spain.
  • Figueirido B; Departamento de Ecología y Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Sci Adv ; 6(14): eaay9462, 2020 04.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32270039
The cave bear is one of the best known extinct large mammals that inhabited Europe during the "Ice Age," becoming extinct ≈24,000 years ago along with other members of the Pleistocene megafauna. Long-standing hypotheses speculate that many cave bears died during their long hibernation periods, which were necessary to overcome the severe and prolonged winters of the Last Glacial. Here, we investigate how long hibernation periods in cave bears would have directly affected their feeding biomechanics using CT-based biomechanical simulations of skulls of cave and extant bears. Our results demonstrate that although large paranasal sinuses were necessary for, and consistent with, long hibernation periods, trade-offs in sinus-associated cranial biomechanical traits restricted cave bears to feed exclusively on low energetic vegetal resources during the predormancy period. This biomechanical trade-off constitutes a new key factor to mechanistically explain the demise of this dominant Pleistocene megafaunal species as a direct consequence of climate cooling.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Ursidae / Clima / Dieta / Cuevas / Fósiles / Aclimatación / Modelos Teóricos Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Animals País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Sci Adv Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: España Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Ursidae / Clima / Dieta / Cuevas / Fósiles / Aclimatación / Modelos Teóricos Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Animals País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Sci Adv Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: España Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos