BACKGROUND: The study of morbidity and cost of drug prescriptions generated by the primary care physician, with specific populations directs Quality Improvement strategies of care. AIM: To identify acute pathologies in primary care medicine forces for internal security and to study the cost of drug prescription . METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey during which, we analyzed the medical records (MR) and medical prescriptions (MP)for patients older than 5 years, presenting for acute pathologies, at the first online consultation polyclinic of the internal security forces(ISF) of Mahdia, during the year 2014. Data were collected using a standardized form. We opted for a two-stage sampling the first agreement by taking the second month of each season, the second systematic taking MR from one day to two. RESULTS: We analyzed 701 MR. The average age of the consultants was 37 years with a sex ratio de1,34. Systems, respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal, skin and cardiovascular, were accumulating 88.3% of acute morbidity diagnosed. The most prescribed therapeutic classes were antipyretics / analgesics (61.6%), antibiotics (42.7%), local treatments oto-rhino-laryngological and throat (28.6%), cough (13.6%), the non steroidal anti inflammatory (12.2%) and mucolytics (11.7%). The median cost of the prescription was 12.070 Tunisian Dinar (TD). The contribution of the patients served at the polyclinic of the FIS of Mahdia, in drug costs, was 35.1%. CONCLUSION: we were able to highlight the specificities of morbidity in the front line at the polyclinic of the FSI of Mahdia , the nature and cost of drug prescription that was equivalent to that of the general population but with better contribution third party payers.