Determinants of Exposure and Variability of Trihalomethanes in the Air of Three Indoor Swimming Pools.

Nitter, Therese Bergh; Svendsen, Kristin V Hirsch

Nitter, Therese Bergh; Svendsen, Kristin V Hirsch.

Afiliación

Nitter TB; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Sport Facilities and Technology (SIAT), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen, Trondheim, Norway.
Svendsen KVH; Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei, Trondheim, Norway.

Ann Work Expo Health ; 63(5): 560-567, 2019 05 21.

Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30958513

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Negative health effects related to long-term exposure to volatile trihalomethanes (THMs) formed during the chlorination of pool water is recognized, but the determinants causing the concentrations to vary within and between sampling locations have not received much attention. METHODS: One hundred and twenty air samples of four THMs were examined in three Norwegian indoor pool facilities. In each facility, repeated samples were collected above a sports pool and a therapy pool, 0.05 and 0.60 m above the water's surface. A linear mixed model (LMM) was used to identify determinants of exposure and the variability in THM concentration within and between sampling locations, days, and heights in pool facilities. RESULTS: The within variability of days, sampling locations, and heights was greater than between days, sampling locations, and heights. Determinants contributing significantly to the exposure were pool facility, height, swimming pool, day of the week, time during the day, and number of bathers. These findings limits how exposure categories should be defined to be able to identify the real long-term exposure and to propose suitable exposure limit values. DISCUSSION: These determinants could help future research be designed with effective sampling strategies and to collect information about the real long-term exposure, which is important in terms of establishing a dose-response relationship and exposure limit values. CONCLUSIONS: If unbiased exposure assessments are to be conducted among the different users of the pool facility, air samples should be collected over time and for different exposure scenarios.

Asunto(s)

Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/análisis; Exposición por Inhalación/análisis; Exposición Profesional/análisis; Piscinas; Trihalometanos/análisis; Humanos; Modelos Lineales; Noruega

Palabras clave

determinants of exposure; epidemiology; exposure assessment methodology; exposure assessmentmixed models; exposure variability; indoor environment; mixed effects models

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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Piscinas / Trihalometanos / Exposición Profesional / Exposición por Inhalación / Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Humans País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: Ann Work Expo Health Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Noruega Pais de publicación: Reino Unido

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