[Evaluation of pain in children of 2, 4 and 6 months after the application of non-pharmacological analgesia methods during vaccination]. / Evaluación del dolor en niños de 2, 4 y 6 meses tras la aplicación de métodos de analgesia no farmacológica durante la vacunación.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed)
; 91(2): 73-79, 2019 Aug.
Article
en Es
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30448108
INTRODUCTION: Young children perceive pain as much, or even more than adults, and the pain may have short- and long-term consequences. The literature describes the use of non-pharmacological interventions to alleviate pain during vaccination. The aim of this study was to assess 3such interventions for analgesia during vaccination: non-nutritive sucking (NNS), breastfeeding (BF), and administration of a 50% dextrose solution (D50W). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, non-randomised cohort study was carried out on infants aged 2, 4 and 6 months that received 1, 2, or 3 vaccines, respectively, according to the routine immunisation schedule. There were 3treatments: NNS, BF, and 2mL of D50W combined with NNS. Pain was assessed using the LLANTO scale, and the duration of crying. RESULTS: The study included 387 infants. The mean scores in the LLANTO scale at ages 2 and 6 months were significantly lower in breastfed infants compared to infants managed with NNS (P=.025 and P<.001, respectively), or infants given D50W (P=.025 and P=.001), and the difference was not statistically significant at age 4 months (P=.21 and P=.27). There were no significant differences between infants managed with NNS and D50W at 2, 4, and 6 months (P=.66, P=.93 and P=.45, respectively). The duration of crying was significantly lower at age 6 months in breastfeed infants compared to infants managed with NNS or D50W (P=.013 and P=.017). No breastfed child (n=129) experienced side effects. CONCLUSIONS: In infants born to term with adequate weight for gestational age, breastfeeding reduces pain on the administration of 1 or 2 vaccines. When 3 vaccines are given, the reduction is minimal. Administration of D50W does not have any additional analgesic effect in infants compared to being held by a parent combined with NNS during vaccination. BF during vaccination is not associated with any side effects.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Dolor
/
Lactancia Materna
/
Vacunación
/
Manejo del Dolor
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
Idioma:
Es
Revista:
An Pediatr (Engl Ed)
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
España