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The electrocardiogram of vertebrates: Evolutionary changes from ectothermy to endothermy.
Boukens, Bastiaan J D; Kristensen, Ditte L; Filogonio, Renato; Carreira, Laura B T; Sartori, Marina R; Abe, Augusto S; Currie, Shannon; Joyce, William; Conner, Justin; Opthof, Tobias; Crossley, Dane A; Wang, Tobias; Jensen, Bjarke.
Afiliación
  • Boukens BJD; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: b.j.boukens@amc.uva.nl.
  • Kristensen DL; Department of Bioscience, Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Filogonio R; Department of Zoology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
  • Carreira LBT; Department of Zoology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
  • Sartori MR; Department of Zoology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
  • Abe AS; Department of Zoology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
  • Currie S; Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany.
  • Joyce W; Department of Bioscience, Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Conner J; Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
  • Opthof T; Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
  • Crossley DA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
  • Wang T; Department of Bioscience, Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
  • Jensen B; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: b.jensen@amc.uva.nl.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol ; 144: 16-29, 2019 07.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30243548
The electrocardiogram (ECG) reveals that heart chamber activation and repolarization are much faster in mammals and birds compared to ectothermic vertebrates of similar size. Temperature, however, affects electrophysiology of the heart and most data from ectotherms are determined at body temperatures lower than those of mammals and birds. The present manuscript is a review of the effects of temperature on intervals in the ECG of ectothermic and endothermic vertebrates rather than a hypothesis-testing original research article. However, the conclusions are supported by the inclusion of original data (Iguana iguana, N = 4; Python regius, N = 5; Alligator mississippiensis, N = 4). Most comparisons were of animals of approximately 1 kg. Compared to mammals and birds, the reptiles at 35-37 °C had 4 fold lower heart rates, 2 fold slower atrial and ventricular conduction (longer P- and QRS-wave durations), and 4 fold longer PR intervals (atrioventricular delay) and QT intervals (total ventricular repolarization). We conclude that the faster chamber activation in endotherms cannot be explained by temperature alone. Based on histology, we show that endotherms have a more compact myocardial architecture. In mammals, disorganization of the compact wall by fibrosis associates with conduction slowing and we suggest the compact tissue architecture allows for faster chamber activation. The short cardiac cycle that characterizes mammals and birds, however, is predominantly accommodated by shortening of the atrioventricular delay and the QT interval, which is so long in a 1 kg iguana that it compares to that of an elephant.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Vertebrados / Regulación de la Temperatura Corporal / Electrocardiografía / Evolución Biológica Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Prog Biophys Mol Biol Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Vertebrados / Regulación de la Temperatura Corporal / Electrocardiografía / Evolución Biológica Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Prog Biophys Mol Biol Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Reino Unido