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Multiple causal pathways in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - Do emerging executive and motivational deviations precede symptom development?
Pauli-Pott, Ursula; Schloß, Susan; Heinzel-Gutenbrunner, Monika; Becker, Katja.
Afiliación
  • Pauli-Pott U; a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , Philipps-University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany.
  • Schloß S; a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , Philipps-University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany.
  • Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M; a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , Philipps-University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany.
  • Becker K; a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , Philipps-University of Marburg , Marburg , Germany.
Child Neuropsychol ; 25(2): 179-197, 2019 02.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28956509
The multiple causal pathways model on the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well established. However, developmental implications of the model are not yet sufficiently analyzed. The model implies that critical neural and neuropsychological deviations from normative development precede secondarily developing ADHD symptoms. Cognitive, "cool" inhibitory control (CIC) and reward-related, "hot" functions (RRF) are regarded as neuropsychological basic deficits that indicate independent causal pathways. Both functions involve top-down control networks that undergo major normative developmental changes in the preschool period. We formalized the following assumptions in a path model: (a) CIC and RRF predict change in ADHD symptoms in the preschool period, (b) the reverse is not true, and (c) CIC and RRF independently contribute to this prediction. A community-based sample of 125 (71 boys) preschoolers was assessed at at age 4 and 5 years. At each assessment wave, CIC and RRF were measured by a battery of age-appropriate valid tasks. ADHD symptoms were measured by a clinical parent interview. Evaluation of model fit using manifest maximum likelihood parameter estimation clearly supported the hypothesized path model while controlling for gender of child and maternal education level. Thus, regarding the basic deficits of CIC and RRF, the results add evidence on the developmental implications of the multiple causal pathways model. Our findings point to the potential significance of these early emerging characteristics as indicators of risk and as targets for preventive interventions.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad / Función Ejecutiva / Motivación / Pruebas Neuropsicológicas Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research Límite: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: Child Neuropsychol Asunto de la revista: NEUROLOGIA / PSICOLOGIA Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Alemania Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
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XML
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad / Función Ejecutiva / Motivación / Pruebas Neuropsicológicas Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies / Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research Límite: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Idioma: En Revista: Child Neuropsychol Asunto de la revista: NEUROLOGIA / PSICOLOGIA Año: 2019 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Alemania Pais de publicación: Reino Unido