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Neuroimaging abnormalities in clade C HIV are independent of Tat genetic diversity.
Paul, Robert H; Phillips, Sarah; Hoare, Jacqueline; Laidlaw, David H; Cabeen, Ryan; Olbricht, Gayla R; Su, Yuqing; Stein, Dan J; Engelbrecht, Susan; Seedat, Soraya; Salminen, Lauren E; Baker, Laurie M; Heaps, Jodi; Joska, John.
Afiliación
  • Paul RH; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA. paulro@umsl.edu.
  • Phillips S; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  • Hoare J; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
  • Laidlaw DH; Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
  • Cabeen R; Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
  • Olbricht GR; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA.
  • Su Y; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA.
  • Stein DJ; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
  • Engelbrecht S; Division of Medical Virology, Stellenbosch University and National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Seedat S; MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa.
  • Salminen LE; Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA.
  • Baker LM; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  • Heaps J; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  • Joska J; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
J Neurovirol ; 23(2): 319-328, 2017 04.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27913960
Controversy remains regarding the neurotoxicity of clade C human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-C). When examined in preclinical studies, a cysteine to serine substitution in the C31 dicysteine motif of the HIV-C Tat protein (C31S) results in less severe brain injury compared to other viral clades. By contrast, patient cohort studies identify significant neuropsychological impairment among HIV-C individuals independent of Tat variability. The present study clarified this discrepancy by examining neuroimaging markers of brain integrity among HIV-C individuals with and without the Tat substitution. Thirty-seven HIV-C individuals with the Tat C31S substitution, 109 HIV-C individuals without the Tat substitution (C31C), and 34 HIV- controls underwent 3T structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Volumes were determined for the caudate, putamen, thalamus, corpus callosum, total gray matter, and total white matter. DTI metrics included fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). Tracts of interest included the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), cingulum bundle (CING), uncinate fasciculus (UNC), and corpus callosum (CC). HIV+ individuals exhibited smaller volumes in subcortical gray matter, total gray matter and total white matter compared to HIV- controls. HIV+ individuals also exhibited DTI abnormalities across multiple tracts compared to HIV- controls. By contrast, neither volumetric nor diffusion indices differed significantly between the Tat C31S and C31C groups. Tat C31S status is not a sufficient biomarker of HIV-related brain integrity in patient populations. Clinical attention directed at brain health is warranted for all HIV+ individuals, independent of Tat C31S or clade C status.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Infecciones por VIH / VIH / Sustitución de Aminoácidos / Productos del Gen tat del Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana / Imagen de Difusión Tensora Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Idioma: En Revista: J Neurovirol Asunto de la revista: NEUROLOGIA / VIROLOGIA Año: 2017 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Infecciones por VIH / VIH / Sustitución de Aminoácidos / Productos del Gen tat del Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana / Imagen de Difusión Tensora Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Idioma: En Revista: J Neurovirol Asunto de la revista: NEUROLOGIA / VIROLOGIA Año: 2017 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos