OBJECTIVES: To elucidate if prior Burch changes the risk of bladder injury or rates of voiding dysfunction and continence in the immediate postoperative period when undergoing retropubic midurethral sling (MUS) placement. METHODS: In this retrospective case control, charts were selected by Current Procedural Terminology codes for MUS placement. Women undergoing retropubic MUS placement with history of Burch urethropexy were considered. For every case, 2 age-matched and parity-matched controls without prior Burch were selected. RESULTS: In total, 538 charts were reviewed from 2010 to 2014. Twenty cases were found. There was a difference (P = 0.023) in trocar penetration of the bladder. Twenty-five percent (5/20) of women with prior Burch had a 9-fold (odds ratio [OR], 9.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-82) higher chance of bladder penetration compared with women without prior retropubic surgery as calculated with Mantel-Haenszel paired test. Women with prior Burch had more success passing their voiding trials (OR, 7.5; 95% CI, 1.1-49.2). At 6 weeks, there was no difference in voiding dysfunction. Cure of stress incontinence at 6 weeks occurred more in controls than cases (P = 0.044) with match pairs manifesting an OR of 0.20 and 95% CI of 0.04-1.1. DISCUSSION: This study shows a significant increase risk of trocar penetration of the bladder during retropubic MUS placement in women with a history of Burch urethropexy. Despite this, MUS placement was successful in all women. Women with prior surgery were much more likely to pass their voiding trials. There was no difference in voiding dysfunction at 6 weeks between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: This indicates that though bladder penetration with a trocar is more common in the setting of previous retropubic surgery, it does not impact a woman's short-term intraoperative or postoperative course.