Inflammatory and metabolic responses to dietary intervention differ among individuals at distinct cardiometabolic risk levels.
Nutrition
; 33: 331-337, 2017 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27720273
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two interventions in breakfast with different fatty acid content on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in individuals at different cardiovascular risk levels. METHODS: This crossover clinical trial included 80 overweight participants who were grouped according to the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The participants received two isocaloric breakfast interventions for 4 wk, with a 2-wk washout. The "Brazilian" breakfast was enriched with saturated fat, whereas the "modified" meal was enriched with unsaturated fatty acids and fibers. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare dietary data, and Student's t or Wilcoxon tests were used to compare clinical and inflammatory variables. A χ2 test was employed to compare frequencies. RESULTS: Frequencies of MetS increased after the Brazilian breakfast and decreased after the modified meal. Significant reduction in mean values of WC and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were detected at the end of the modified intervention. Participants with or without the MetS exhibited contrasting responses to the modified breakfast: respectively, significant changes in DBP levels (-3.7 ± 6.9 versus -0.5 ± 6.9 mm Hg; P < 0.05), plasma glucose (-3 ± 7.3 versus 3 ± 7.4 mg/dL; P < 0.05), and apolipoprotein-B (-0.1 ± 0.6 versus 0.2 ± 0.3 mg/mL; P < 0.05), interferon-γ (-0.6 ± 1.2 versus 0.1 ± 1.3 pg/mL; P < 0.05), and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations (0.4 ± 3.6 versus -0.8 ± 2.8 pg/mL; P < 0.05) were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intervention of small magnitude, for a short period, was able to improve traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease and inflammatory markers, as well as the frequency of MetS. Responses to dietary interventions of individuals at different levels of cardiovascular risk should be examined through different biomarkers.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
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Síndrome Metabólico
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Dieta Mediterránea
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Dieta Reductora
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Sobrepeso
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Desayuno
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Obesidad
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
País/Región como asunto:
America do sul
/
Brasil
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nutrition
Asunto de la revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Año:
2017
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Brasil
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos