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Efficacy and Safety of AmBisome in Combination with Sodium Stibogluconate or Miltefosine and Miltefosine Monotherapy for African Visceral Leishmaniasis: Phase II Randomized Trial.
Wasunna, Monique; Njenga, Simon; Balasegaram, Manica; Alexander, Neal; Omollo, Raymond; Edwards, Tansy; Dorlo, Thomas P C; Musa, Brima; Ali, Mohammed Hassan Sharaf; Elamin, Mohammed Yasein; Kirigi, George; Juma, Rashid; Kip, Anke E; Schoone, Gerard J; Hailu, Asrat; Olobo, Joseph; Ellis, Sally; Kimutai, Robert; Wells, Susan; Khalil, Eltahir Awad Gasim; Strub Wourgaft, Nathalie; Alves, Fabiana; Musa, Ahmed.
Afiliación
  • Wasunna M; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Njenga S; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Balasegaram M; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Alexander N; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Omollo R; MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Edwards T; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Dorlo TP; MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Musa B; Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  • Ali MH; Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
  • Elamin MY; Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
  • Kirigi G; Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
  • Juma R; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Kip AE; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Schoone GJ; Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  • Hailu A; Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Olobo J; KIT Biomedical Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • Ellis S; College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Kimutai R; Department of Medical Microbiology, Leishmaniasis Unit, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
  • Wells S; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Khalil EA; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Strub Wourgaft N; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Alves F; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Musa A; Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 10(9): e0004880, 2016 09.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27627654
BACKGROUND: SSG&PM over 17 days is recommended as first line treatment for visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Africa, but is painful and requires hospitalization. Combination regimens including AmBisome and miltefosine are safe and effective in India, but there are no published data from trials of combination therapies including these drugs from Africa. METHODS: A phase II open-label, non-comparative randomized trial was conducted in Sudan and Kenya to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three treatment regimens: 10 mg/kg single dose AmBisome plus 10 days of SSG (20 mg/kg/day), 10 mg/kg single dose AmBisome plus 10 days of miltefosine (2.5mg/kg/day) and miltefosine alone (2.5 mg/kg/day for 28 days). The primary endpoint was initial parasitological cure at Day 28, and secondary endpoints included definitive cure at Day 210, and pharmacokinetic (miltefosine) and pharmacodynamic assessments. RESULTS: In sequential analyses with 49-51 patients per arm, initial cure was 85% (95% CI: 73-92) in all arms. At D210, definitive cure was 87% (95% CI: 77-97) for AmBisome + SSG, 77% (95% CI 64-90) for AmBisome + miltefosine and 72% (95% CI 60-85) for miltefosine alone, with lower efficacy in younger patients, who weigh less. Miltefosine pharmacokinetic data indicated under-exposure in children compared to adults. CONCLUSION: No major safety concerns were identified, but point estimates of definitive cure were less than 90% for each regimen so none will be evaluated in Phase III trials in their current form. Allometric dosing of miltefosine in children needs to be evaluated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01067443.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Fosforilcolina / Anfotericina B / Gluconato de Sodio Antimonio / Leishmaniasis Visceral / Antiprotozoarios Tipo de estudio: Clinical_trials Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Kenia Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Fosforilcolina / Anfotericina B / Gluconato de Sodio Antimonio / Leishmaniasis Visceral / Antiprotozoarios Tipo de estudio: Clinical_trials Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Región como asunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA TROPICAL Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Kenia Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos