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Metabolic patterns of JWH-210, RCS-4, and THC in pig urine elucidated using LC-HR-MS/MS: Do they reflect patterns in humans?
Schaefer, Nadine; Helfer, Andreas G; Kettner, Mattias; Laschke, Matthias W; Schlote, Julia; Ewald, Andreas H; Meyer, Markus R; Menger, Michael D; Maurer, Hans H; Schmidt, Peter H.
Afiliación
  • Schaefer N; Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 80.2, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Helfer AG; Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Saarland University, Building 46, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Kettner M; Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 80.2, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Laschke MW; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Building 65/66, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Schlote J; Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 80.2, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Ewald AH; Institute of Legal Medicine, Saarland University, Building 80.2, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Meyer MR; Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Saarland University, Building 46, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Menger MD; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
  • Maurer HH; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Building 65/66, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
  • Schmidt PH; Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Saarland University, Building 46, D-66421, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
Drug Test Anal ; 9(4): 613-625, 2017 Apr.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27328899
The knowledge of pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) is important for interpretation of analytical results found for example in intoxicated individuals. In the absence of human data from controlled studies, animal models elucidating SC PK have to be established. Pigs providing large biofluid sample volumes were tested for prediction of human PK data. In this context, the metabolic fate of two model SCs, namely 4-ethylnaphthalen-1-yl-(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methanone (JWH-210) and 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(1-pentyl-indol-3-yl)methanone (RCS-4), was elucidated in addition to Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). After intravenous administration of the compounds, hourly collected pig urine was analyzed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The following pathways were observed: for JWH-210, hydroxylation at the ethyl side chain or pentyl chain and combinations of them followed by glucuronidation; for RCS-4, hydroxylation at the methoxyphenyl moiety or pentyl chain followed by glucuronidation as well as O-demethylation followed by glucuronidation or sulfation; for THC, THC glucuronidation, 11-hydroxylation, followed by carboxylation and glucuronidation. For both SCs, parent compounds could not be detected in urine in contrast to THC. These results were consistent with those obtained from human hepatocyte and/or human case studies. Urinary markers for the consumption of JWH-210 were the glucuronide of the N-hydroxypentyl metabolite (detectable for 3-4 h) and of RCS-4 the glucuronides of the N-hydroxypentyl, hydroxy-methoxyphenyl (detectable for at least 6 h), and the O-demethyl-hydroxy metabolites (detectable for 4 h). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Psicotrópicos / Porcinos / Dronabinol / Cannabinoides / Drogas Ilícitas / Indoles / Naftalenos Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Drug Test Anal Asunto de la revista: FARMACOLOGIA Año: 2017 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Alemania Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Psicotrópicos / Porcinos / Dronabinol / Cannabinoides / Drogas Ilícitas / Indoles / Naftalenos Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Drug Test Anal Asunto de la revista: FARMACOLOGIA Año: 2017 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Alemania Pais de publicación: Reino Unido