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Sulfonamide and tetracycline resistance genes in total- and culturable-bacterial assemblages in South African aquatic environments.
Suzuki, Satoru; Ogo, Mitsuko; Koike, Tatsuya; Takada, Hideshige; Newman, Brent.
Afiliación
  • Suzuki S; Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University Matsuyama, Japan.
  • Ogo M; Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University Matsuyama, Japan.
  • Koike T; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Fuchu, Japan.
  • Takada H; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Fuchu, Japan.
  • Newman B; Coastal Systems Research Group, Natural Resources and the Environment, The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Durban, South Africa.
Front Microbiol ; 6: 796, 2015.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26300864
Antibiotic resistant bacteria are ubiquitous in the natural environment. The introduction of effluent derived antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into aquatic environments is of concern in the spreading of genetic risk. This study showed the prevalence of sulfonamide and tetracycline resistance genes, sul1, sul2, sul3, and tet(M), in the total bacterial assemblage and colony forming bacterial assemblage in river and estuarine water and sewage treatment plants (STP) in South Africa. There was no correlation between antibiotic concentrations and ARGs, suggesting the targeted ARGs are spread in a wide area without connection to selection pressure. Among sul genes, sul1 and sul2 were major genes in the total (over 10(-2) copies/16S) and colony forming bacteria assemblages (∼10(-1) copies/16S). In urban waters, the sul3 gene was mostly not detectable in total and culturable assemblages, suggesting sul3 is not abundant. tet(M) was found in natural assemblages with 10(-3) copies/16S level in STP, but was not detected in colony forming bacteria, suggesting the non-culturable (yet-to-be cultured) bacterial community in urban surface waters and STP effluent possess the tet(M) gene. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) resistant (SMX(r)) and oxytetracycline (OTC) resistant (OTC(r)) bacterial communities in urban waters possessed not only sul1 and sul2 but also sul3 and tet(M) genes. These genes are widely distributed in SMX(r) and OTC(r) bacteria. In conclusion, urban river and estuarine water and STP effluent in the Durban area were highly contaminated with ARGs, and the yet-to-be cultured bacterial community may act as a non-visible ARG reservoir in certain situations.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Tipo de estudio: Risk_factors_studies Idioma: En Revista: Front Microbiol Año: 2015 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Japón Pais de publicación: Suiza
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Tipo de estudio: Risk_factors_studies Idioma: En Revista: Front Microbiol Año: 2015 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Japón Pais de publicación: Suiza