Smoking During Adolescence as a Risk Factor for Attention Problems.
Biol Psychiatry
; 78(9): 656-63, 2015 Nov 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25092631
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly comorbid. One explanation is that individuals with ADHD use cigarettes as "self-medication" to alleviate their attention problems. However, animal studies reported that exposure to nicotine during adolescence influences the developing brain and negatively affects attention. This is the first human study exploring the effects of smoking during adolescence on attention problems. METHODS: Longitudinal data on smoking and attention problems were available for 1987 adult and 648 adolescent monozygotic twin pairs from the Netherlands Twin Register. Twin pairs were classified as concordant/discordant for smoking and compared on attention problems. Within adult discordant pairs, the difference in attention problems between the smoking and never-smoking twins was first assessed cross-sectionally. In longitudinal analyses, the increase in attention problems from adolescence, when neither twin smoked, to adulthood was compared within discordant pairs. In subgroups with longitudinal data from childhood and adolescence, changes in smoking concordance and subsequent changes in attention problems were explored. RESULTS: Adult twins who ever smoked reported significantly more attention problems than their never-smoking co-twin. Longitudinal analyses showed a larger increase in attention problems from adolescence to adulthood in smoking twins than their never-smoking co-twin (p < .05). In childhood and adolescence, smoking twins had more attention problems than their never-smoking co-twin, whereas scores were similar before smoking was initiated or after both twins started smoking (not significant in all groups). CONCLUSIONS: Results from this genetically informative study suggest smoking during adolescence leads to higher attention problem scores, lasting into adulthood.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Atención
/
Fumar
/
Enfermedades en Gemelos
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
/
Aged80
/
Humans
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Middle aged
País/Región como asunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biol Psychiatry
Año:
2015
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos