Human African trypanosomiasis in Angola: clinical observations, treatment, and use of PCR for stage determination of early stage of the disease.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
; 106(1): 10-4, 2012 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22093811
Biological and clinical observations are described for 224 patients infected by human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Angola in 2007 and 2008. Seven patients were initially classified in stage 1 (S1), 17 intermediate stage (IS) (WBC <20 lymphocytes/µl with absence of trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and no neurological signs), and 200 in stage 2 (S2). Out of 224 patients, 165 (73.6%) presented one or more neurological signs. During treatment with eflornithine, six deaths of S2 patients occurred, five of which were because of an encephalopathy syndrome. Nine patients were diagnosed with a relapse or suspected treatment failure during the follow-up: eight patients after treatment with eflornithine (relapse rate 4.1%) and one patient after pentamidine (6.6%). The contribution of PCR for stage determination evaluated for S1 and IS confirms the difficulty of stage determination, as one S1 patient and two IS patients were carriers of trypanosomes detected a posteriori by PCR in CSF but were treated with pentamidine while follow-up did not confirm treatment efficacy. Since 2001 in Angola, either by passive or active mode detection, approximately 80% of the new cases every year were in S2, whereas the annual number of cases has regressed, probably because the transmission of HAT is decreasing. However, stage determination and treatment remain two major issues for the chronic form of sleeping sickness.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Pentamidina
/
Tripanocidas
/
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
/
Tripanosomiasis Africana
/
Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa
/
Eflornitina
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Animals
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
Año:
2012
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia
Pais de publicación:
Reino Unido