Evaluation of the hydrolytic activity of a long-acting mutant bacterial cocaine in the presence of commonly co-administered drugs.
Drug Alcohol Depend
; 119(3): 224-8, 2011 Dec 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21775073
BACKGROUND: Cocaine toxicity is a prevalent problem in the Unites States for which there is currently no FDA-approved pharmacotherapy. We have developed a bacterial cocaine esterase (CocE) towards this indication. A thermostabilized mutant of CocE (DM-CocE) retains the hydrolytic activity of the wild-type esterase, rapidly hydrolyzing cocaine into the inactive metabolites ecgonine methyl ester and benzoic acid, and can prevent cocaine toxicities in rodent and non-human primate models. To advance DM-CocE towards clinical use, we examine here how the hydrolytic activity of DM-CocE is altered by some drugs commonly co-administered with cocaine. METHODS: We employed a spectrophotometric cocaine hydrolysis assay to evaluate whether pharmacologically relevant doses of alcohol, nicotine, morphine, phencyclidine, ketamine, methamphetamine, naltrexone, naloxone, or midazolam would alter the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of DM-CocE for cocaine. Mass spectrometry was used to evaluate interaction with diazepam as this drug interferes with the absorbance spectra of cocaine critical for the spectrophotometric assay. RESULTS: Alcohol, nicotine, morphine, phencyclidine, ketamine, methamphetamine, naltrexone, naloxone, and midazolam did not alter cocaine hydrolysis by DM-CocE. However, diazepam significantly slowed DM-CocE cocaine hydrolysis at very high concentrations, most likely through interaction of the phenyl ring of the benzodiazepine with the active site of DM-CocE. CONCLUSIONS: DM-CocE does not display significant drug interactions, with the exception of diazepam, which may warrant further study as DM-CocE progresses towards a clinically used pharmacotherapy for cocaine toxicity. Alternate benzodiazepines, e.g., midazolam could be used to avoid this potential interaction.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Proteínas Bacterianas
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Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico
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Preparaciones Farmacéuticas
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Cocaína
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Mutación
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Drug Alcohol Depend
Año:
2011
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos
Pais de publicación:
Irlanda