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Integrated tool for risk assessment in agricultural management of soil erosion and losses of phosphorus and nitrogen.
Bechmann, Marianne; Stålnacke, Per; Kvaernø, Sigurn; Eggestad, Hans Olav; Oygarden, Lillian.
Afiliación
  • Bechmann M; Bioforsk, Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Frederik A. Dahls vei 20, N-1432 Aas, Norway. marianne.bechmann@bioforsk.no
Sci Total Environ ; 407(2): 749-59, 2009 Jan 01.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18940272
In recent years, increased attention has been focused on models for risk assessment of source areas in agricultural landscapes. Among the simplest of such models are index tools, which have been developed particularly for phosphorus (P) and to some extent nitrogen (N). However, only a few studies have considered the development of an integrated management strategy that includes erosion and losses of both P and N. Accordingly, the major objective of this study was to initiate the development of an integrated risk assessment tool, consisting of indices for erosion, P and N. The strategy used to create the integrated tool was based on the assumption that all input data at field scale should be readily available either from ordinary agricultural statistics or from the farmer. The results from using the indices in a pilot case study catchment illustrated that losses of P and N had often different critical source areas. The P index was highest for fields with manure application and/or high soil P status or with autumn ploughing, and the N index was highest for fields with excessive N application. The integrated risk was greatest for areas with manure application and some areas with a high erosion risk in combination with high nutrient application rate. Additionally, four different management options were assessed: (1) reduced fertilisation, (2) catch crops, (3) autumn ploughing, and (4) no autumn ploughing. The results verified that reduced nutrient application and stubble during autumn and winter led to the largest decrease in index values, and it was also apparent that management changes in high-risk areas had the greatest impact on the indices. Overall, our findings indicate that the present integrated risk assessment tool with readily available input data can be used to rank farm fields according to risk of soil erosion and losses of P and N.
Asunto(s)

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Fósforo / Suelo / Contaminantes del Suelo / Administración de Residuos / Medición de Riesgo / Agricultura / Nitrógeno Tipo de estudio: Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: Sci Total Environ Año: 2009 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Noruega Pais de publicación: Países Bajos

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Fósforo / Suelo / Contaminantes del Suelo / Administración de Residuos / Medición de Riesgo / Agricultura / Nitrógeno Tipo de estudio: Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: Sci Total Environ Año: 2009 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Noruega Pais de publicación: Países Bajos