ABSTRACT
PIP: In the US. condoms for males are made of either lamb cecum or latex. Lamb cecum condoms are less elastic than latex condoms. Thus, they can come off the penis making them less effective form of protection from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). They are also more expensive. Condoms come in several varieties (reservoir end and lubricated with a spermicide, nonoxynol 9) and in several sizes (standard and large). Their contraceptive effectiveness ranges from 64% to 97%. Study design, patient characteristics, and socioeconomic status may explain this broad range. Breaking, improper use, and inconsistent use account for contraceptive failures. Use with vaginal foam reduces the failure rate to 1 to 3%. Some advantages identified by consumers and health workers were peace of mind, ease of use, convenience, preventing, STDs, arousing to put on, easily obtained, safe and effective, no side effects or toxicity, inexpensive, medical supervision not required, and can be used as a backup contraceptive. Some disadvantages include reduced sensation, breakage or slippage and improper use. Men and women sometimes suffer allergic reactions from the lubricants, spermicides, or chemicals used in manufacturing. Pharmacists could advise consumers to switch to another condom brand. If this does not stop the irritation, the consumer should see a physician because an STD may be causing the irritation. In vitro studies indicate that nonoxynol 9 kills or inactivates many STD pathogens including herpes simplex virus and HIV. A female condom should be available by the end of 1992. Trials show it to protect effectively against pregnancy and STDs. Even though neither the female condom nor diaphragm cause vaginal trauma, the condom does not change the vaginal flora significantly. Pharmacists should familiarize themselves with the different types of male and female condoms and be able to adequately counsel customers about their correct use and safe sex practices.
Palabras clave
Americas; Barrier Methods--beneficial effects; Barrier Methods--side effects; Behavior; Clinic Activities; Condom--beneficial effects; Condom--side effects; Contraception; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive Effectiveness; Contraceptive Methods--beneficial effects; Contraceptive Methods--side effects; Counseling; Delivery Of Health Care; Developed Countries; Diseases; Family Planning; Health; Health Personnel; Hiv Infections--prevention and control; Infections; Nonoxynol-9; North America; Northern America; Organization And Administration; Perception; Pharmacists; Program Activities; Programs; Psychological Factors; Reproductive Tract Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases--prevention and control; Spermicidal Contraceptive Agents; United States; Vaginal Barrier Methods; Vaginal Foam; Vaginal Spermicides; Viral Diseases
Buscar en Google
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Farmacéuticos
/
Conducta de Elección
/
Condones
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am Pharm
Año:
1992
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos