RESUMO
Ketosis can seriously impair cow performance. This study detected changes in prepartum blood metabolic parameters for predicting postpartum ketosis occurrence in dairy cows. Body condition score (BCS) was assessed before and after delivery. Blood samples of 63 cows were collected from 10 days before calving to 10 days after calving to measure metabolic parameters including ß-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose (GLU), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). There was a postpartum subclinical ketosis incidence of 42.25%. Compared with prepartum, plasma, levels of BHBA, AST, and NEFA significantly increased postpartum, and prepartum AST (R=0.57) and NEFA (R=0.45) showed a significant positive correlation with ketosis postpartum. Plasma GLU level significantly decreased postpartum and was significantly negatively correlated with ketosis (R=-0.21). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed prepartum BSC < 2.88, and prepartum plasma AST > 68.0 U/L, GLU < 3.97mmol/L, NEFA > 0.27mmol/L, and BHBA > 0.43mmol/L, indicating a high risk of subclinical ketosis postpartum. These levels can be used as risk indicators to predict the occurrence of subclinical ketosis in postpartum cows.(AU)
A cetose pode trazer sérios prejuízos ao desempenho da vaca. Este estudo detectou alterações nos parâmetros metabólicos do sangue pré-parto para prever a cetose pós-parto que ocorre em vacas leiteiras. O escore de condição corporal (ECC) foi avaliado antes e após o parto. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 63 vacas entre 10 dias antes e 10 dias após o parto para medir os parâmetros metabólicos, incluindo ácido ß-hidroxibutírico (BHBA), ácido graxo não esterificado (NEFA), glicose (GLU), bilirrubina total (TBIL), bilirrubina direta (DBIL), bilirrubina indireta (IBIL), proteína total (TP), albumina (ALB), globulina (GLO), alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e aspartato aminotransferase (AST). Houve uma incidência de cetose subclínica pós-parto de 42,25%. Em comparação com o pré-parto, o plasma, os níveis de BHBA, AST e NEFA aumentaram significativamente no pós-parto, e AST no pré-parto (R = 0,57) e NEFA (R = 0,45) mostraram uma correlação significativa positiva com cetose pós-parto. O nível plasmático de GLU diminuiu significativamente no pós-parto e foi negativamente correlacionado com a cetose de forma significativa (R = -0,21). A análise da curva característica de operação do receptor revelou BSC pré-parto <2,88 e AST plasmático pré-parto> 68,0 U / L, GLU <3,97mmol / L, NEFA> 0,27mmol / L e BHBA> 0,43mmol / L, indicando um alto risco de cetose subclínica pós-parto. Esses níveis podem ser usados ââcomo indicadores de risco para prever a ocorrência de cetose subclínica em vacas no pós-parto.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Volume Plasmático/veterinária , Período Periparto/metabolismo , Cetose/sangue , Cetose/veterinária , Índice GlicêmicoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of dobutamine (DB), noradrenaline (NA), and their combination (NADB), on volume retention in rabbits submitted to hemorrhage. METHODS: Thirty six rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups: SHAM, Control, Saline, DB, NA, DB+NA. All the animals, except for SHAM, were subjected to hemorrhage of 25% of the calculated blood volume. Control animals were replaced with their own blood. The other groups received NSS 3 times the volume withdrawn. The intravascular retention, hematocrit, diuresis, central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, NGAL, dry-to-wet lung weight ratio (DTWR) and the lung and kidney histology were analyzed. RESULTS: Replacement with NSS and NA, DB or NA+DB did not produce differences in the intravascular retention. After hemorrhage, the animals presented a significant decrease in the MAP and CVP, which were maintained until volume replacement. Regarding NGAL, dry-to-wet-lung-weight ratio, lung and kidney histology, there were no statistical differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: The use of noradrenaline, dobutamine or their combination did not increase the intravascular retention of volume after normal saline infusion.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Norepinefrina/análise , Dobutamina/análise , Volume Plasmático/veterinária , Catecolaminas , Hemorragia/prevenção & controle , Hemorragia/veterinária , Hipovolemia/prevenção & controleRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of treating osmotic diarrhea and dehydration in calves with hypertonic saline solution (HSS) IV, isotonic electrolyte solution (IES) PO, and a combination of these 2 solutions (HSS + IES). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Eighteen male calves 8-30 days of age were used to evaluate the efficacy of 3 methods of fluid therapy after induction of osmotic diarrhea and dehydration. The diarrhea and dehydration were induced by administration of saccharose, spironolactone, and hydrochlorothiazide for 48 hours. The animals were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: Group 1: 7.2% hypertonic saline solution-HSS (5 mL/kg IV); Group 2: oral isotonic electrolyte solution IES (60 mL/kg PO); or Group 3: HSS+IES. Clinical signs and laboratory finding observed 48 hours post-induction (Time 0) included diarrhea, dehydration, lethargy, and metabolic acidosis. RESULTS: Calves treated with HSS + IES experienced decreases in hematocrit, total protein concentration, albumin concentration, urea nitrogen concentration, and plasma volume as well as increases in blood pH, blood bicarbonate concentration, and central venous pressure between 1 and 3 hours post-treatment. These findings also were observed in animals treated with IES, however, at a slower rate than in the HSS + IES-treated animals. Animals treated with HSS continued to display signs of dehydration, lethargy, and metabolic acidosis 24 hours post-treatment. CONCLUSION: Treatment with a combination of HSS and IES produced rapid and sustainable correction of hypovolemia and metabolic acidosis in calves with noninfections diarrhea and dehydration.
Assuntos
Acidose/veterinária , Doenças dos Bovinos/metabolismo , Diarreia/veterinária , Hidratação/veterinária , Acidose/metabolismo , Acidose/terapia , Animais , Bicarbonatos/sangue , Pressão Sanguínea , Nitrogênio da Ureia Sanguínea , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/terapia , Diarreia/metabolismo , Diarreia/terapia , Eletrólitos/uso terapêutico , Hidratação/métodos , Hematócrito/veterinária , Masculino , Volume Plasmático/veterinária , Distribuição Aleatória , Solução Salina Hipertônica/uso terapêutico , Albumina Sérica/análise , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
La Mieloperoxidasa (MPO) y la Proteína C Reactiva (PCR) han sido implicados en la fisiopatología de la aterosclerosis. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar las concentraciones plasmáticas de MPO y PCR y su relación con la formación de ateromas en conejos. Se estudiaron 23 conejos machos Nueva Zelanda: Grupo 1: conejarina y verdura; Grupo 2: Huevo y conejarina. El periodo experimental duró 13 semanas. Se determinó perfil lipídico por métodos enzimáticos, MPO por ELISA y PCR por turbidimetría en 0 13va semana. Se realizó estudio histológico de aorta. Los resultados revelaron que la PCR se elevó en el grupo 2 al final del estudio (p<0,05). No se observó diferencias en MPO en el grupo 2 en el estudio. En cuanto a los ateromas se evidenciaron lesiones tipo I y II en los conejos del grupo 2. En conclusión, se encontró que la PCR y no la MPO son marcadores de aterosclerosis según nuestras condiciones experimentales.
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been implicated in atherosclerosis. The objective of the present study was to determine plasma concentration MPO and CRP and its relationship of formation of aortic lesions in rabbits. 23 male New Zealand rabbits were study: Group 1: conejarina (commercial rabbit food) and vegetables; Group 2: egg and conejarina. The experiment lasted 13 weeks. Lipid profile was done by enzymatic methods, MPO by ELISA, and PCR by turbidimetry in weeks 0 and 13. Histological study of rabbits aorta was done. Results revealed that in group 2 CRP increased at final study (p <0.05). No differences were observed in MPO values in the experiment. Regarding atheroma, group 2 presented type I and II lesions. In conclusion only CRP is marker of atherosclerosis according to our experimental conditions.