RESUMO
This study examined the association between widowhood and depressive symptoms and the extent to which the association is contingent upon risk and resiliency, including immigration status, functional limitations, financial strains, and intergenerational support, among older Mexican Americans. The sample included 344 parent-child pairs reported by 83 respondents. Clustered regression analysis showed that widowhood elevated risks for depressive symptoms. We found that having some functional limitations, having more children and living in the same city with children exacerbated the adverse effects of widowhood on depressive symptoms. We also found that living in the same city with children increased the detrimental effects of widowhood on the depressive symptoms in men, whereas we did not find this pattern in women. The findings highlight the heterogeneity within the widowed Mexican American older adults. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/etnologia , Depressão/etnologia , Casamento/etnologia , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Resiliência Psicológica , Viuvez/etnologia , Idoso , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Relação entre Gerações , Masculino , Casamento/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , República da Coreia/etnologia , Apoio Social , Estados Unidos , Viuvez/economia , Viuvez/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study examines how depressive symptoms change during the widowhood process among older adults of Mexican descent. This research also investigates whether financial strain, social support, and church attendance moderate changes in depressive symptoms in the context of widowhood. METHOD: This study uses seven waves of data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly collected at approximately two-year intervals. This research applies multiphase growth models to examine changes in depressive symptomatology before, during, and after the transition to widowhood (the measurement wave at which spousal bereavement was first reported) among 385 older adults of Mexican descent who experienced the death of a spouse during the survey. RESULTS: This study demonstrates that older adults of Mexican descent experienced a significant increase in depressive symptoms pre-widowhood and in particular, during the transition to widowhood. The levels and rates of changes in depressive symptoms post-widowhood did not differ from the pre-widowhood ones. Greater social support was related to more depressive symptoms during the transition to widowhood. More frequent church attendance was a protective factor against increases in depressive symptoms pre-widowhood. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the multiphase pattern in the effects of the widowhood process on depressive symptomatology among older adults of Mexican descent. The findings also suggest that social support and church attendance can have implications for the interplay between widowhood and depressive symptoms.
Assuntos
Depressão/psicologia , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Religião , Apoio Social , Viuvez/psicologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Luto , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Americanos Mexicanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Tempo , Viuvez/economia , Viuvez/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Objetivo: Describir el perfil psicosocial del viudo y huérfanos afectados por la muerte materna familiar en el departamento de Alta Verapaz durante el año 2009. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo en el cual se entrevistó a miembros, viudos y huérfanos, de 64 de 72 (89%) familias afectadas por muerte materna que ocurrieron en 2009. Resultados: Las familias estudiadas estaban conformadas por 62 viudos (en dos casos la fallecida no tenía pareja) y 286 huérfanos...
Assuntos
Masculino , Criança , Impacto Psicossocial , Relações Familiares/etnologia , Viuvez/economia , Viuvez/psicologiaRESUMO
Although the topic of remarriage features saliently in the cultural anthropological literature, it is virtually absent in the biological anthropology journals. This is perplexing, given that remarriage affects the differential reproductive success of males and females in a community, and could well impact a community's population structure. In this paper, we research remarriage practices in a rural 19th century community in Costa Rica. Although we find support for the proposition that males are more likely to remarry than females, we find that widows who remarry are not all young and able to reproduce. Our findings support the cross-culturally-generated suggestion that a female's ability not to remarry is tied to her to ability to own property. Remarriage is a topic of interest to biological anthropologists from a cross-cultural and biocultural perspective.
Assuntos
Casamento/etnologia , Viuvez/etnologia , Fatores Etários , Costa Rica , Feminino , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Masculino , Casamento/história , Viuvez/economia , Viuvez/históriaAssuntos
Identidade de Gênero , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Propriedade , Paternalismo , Viuvez , Direitos da Mulher , Equador/etnologia , Família/etnologia , Família/psicologia , Governo/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/educação , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/etnologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/história , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/legislação & jurisprudência , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/psicologia , Jurisprudência/história , Propriedade/economia , Propriedade/história , Propriedade/legislação & jurisprudência , Condições Sociais/economia , Condições Sociais/história , Condições Sociais/legislação & jurisprudência , Viuvez/economia , Viuvez/etnologia , Viuvez/história , Viuvez/legislação & jurisprudência , Mulheres/educação , Mulheres/história , Mulheres/psicologia , Saúde da Mulher/etnologia , Saúde da Mulher/história , Direitos da Mulher/economia , Direitos da Mulher/educação , Direitos da Mulher/história , Direitos da Mulher/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
Widowhood marks an important point in the life cycle of many older women and is a reality with which the majority of women in Jamaica can expect to contend in their old age. The reasons are that women tend to outlive their spouses (life expectancy was 72.6 years for women and 68.1 years for men in 1982), and that wives are typically younger than their husbands and therefore have a greater probability of outliving them. Consequently, there are more widows than widowers in Jamaican society, and the same holds true not only for Jamaica but for most developing and developed countries. .... This paper intends to show that Jamaican women over the age of 60 years suffer severe hardships socially and especially economically as widows (AU)