RESUMO
This study examined changes in the metabolism of magnesium (Mg), and related serum parameters, following treatment with vanadium (V) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Over a period of five weeks, four groups were examined: control, diabetic, diabetic-treated with 1 mg V/day or 3 mg V/day. The V was supplied in drinking water as bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV). The Mg levels were measured in food, faeces, urine, serum, muscle, kidney, liver, spleen, heart and femur. Albumin, uric acid, urea, total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate-aminotransferase and alkaline-phosphatase were determined in serum. In the diabetic group, Mg retained and Mg content in serum and femur decreased, while levels of uric acid, urea, total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and alkaline-phosphatase and aspartate-aminotransferase activity increased compared with control rats. In the diabetic group treated with 1 mg V/day, Mg retained, serum levels of Mg, urea and triglycerides, and alkaline-phosphatase activity remained unchanged, while levels of uric acid, total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol increased and the Mg content in femur and aspartate-aminotransferase activity decreased compared with the diabetic untreated group. In the diabetic rats treated with 3 mg V/day, food intake and glycaemia were normal. In this group, Mg content in serum, kidney and femur, levels of urea and aspartate-aminotransferase and alkaline-phosphatase activity decreased, whereas LDL-cholesterol increased, uric acid and total-cholesterol levels remained unchanged in comparison with untreated diabetic rats. In conclusion, although treatment with 3 mg V/day normalised the glycaemia, the hypomagnesaemia and tissue depletion of Mg seen in the diabetic rats, caused by the treatment with V, could have partially contributed to the fact that V did not normalise other serum parameters altered by the diabetes.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicações , Deficiência de Magnésio/complicações , Vanádio/efeitos adversos , Animais , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/sangue , Magnésio/sangue , Deficiência de Magnésio/sangue , Masculino , Especificidade de Órgãos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Estreptozocina , Vanádio/sangueRESUMO
Vanadium (V) is a transition metal found in air adsorbed onto suspended particles. As a result, urban populations are often exposed to this element as a constituent of particulate matter (PM). One aspect of the myriad toxicities that might arise from these exposures is altered immune responses. Previous reports from the laboratory reported modifications in splenic architecture - with germinal center hyperplasia and a suppressed humoral immune response - in mice that had been exposed to vanadium agents via inhalation. This paper reports a decrease in the presence of the CD11c surface marker on mouse thymic dendritic cells (DC) as a result of host exposure to vanadium (here, in the form of vanadium pentoxide; V(2)O(5)) over a period of 4 weeks. All results were obtained using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. It is surmised that this decrease might induce a dysfunction, including possible negative selection of T-cells, which could increase the presence of autoreactive clones in the exposed host. Such an outcome could, in turn, increase the risk for development of autoimmune reactions in different organs specifically, and of autoimmune diseases in general in these V-exposed hosts.
Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Doenças Autoimunes/etiologia , Antígeno CD11c/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Timo/efeitos dos fármacos , Vanádio/efeitos adversos , Animais , Doenças Autoimunes/imunologia , Separação Celular , Células Cultivadas , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Regulação para Baixo , Citometria de Fluxo , Inalação , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Timo/imunologiaRESUMO
Se estudia el vanadio en las aguas de pozos artesianos de la zona arsenical (Pampa Húmeda) de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina), descubierto y bien estudiado en esas aguas por Bado en 1917. Se pone de relieve su coincidencia patológica con el arsénico en esas mismas aguas, arsénico que según Ayerza ocasiona lo que él llamó en publicación primigenia "Arsenicismo regional endémico (keratodermia y melanodermia combinadas)". La repetición constante durante muchos años de esos dos oligoelementos en los análisis bioquímicos de las aguas de bebida y la no referencia del vanadio en las manifestaciones clínicas del HACREA llaman la atención del autor. Se insiste en la diferencia que hay entre el HACREA y otros hidroarsenicismos del mundo; en el HACREA, a las características clínicas comunes se le agregan los muy frecuentes y múltiples carcinomas de todas las formas clínicas e histológicas, lo que haría suponer que el vanadio pudiera ser una condición de riesgo por una interacción química con el arsénico y en tal condición fuera un co-carcinógeno en el HACREA (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Carcinógenos Ambientais/análise , Vanádio/intoxicação , Compostos de Vanádio/intoxicação , Arsênio/análise , Argentina , Doença Crônica , Carcinógenos , Vanádio/análise , Vanádio/efeitos adversos , Compostos de Vanádio/análise , Compostos de Vanádio/efeitos adversos , Arsênio/efeitos adversos , Águas Superficiais , Oceanos e Mares , Ácido Ascórbico/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Vanadium concentrations in lung tissue were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry from autopsy specimens taken from residents of Mexico City during the 1960s and 1990s (20 males and 19 females, and 30 males and 18 females, respectively). Samples from the 1990s had significantly increased mean vanadium concentrations (mean +/- standard deviation: 1.36 +/- 0.08), compared with those from the 1960s (1.04 +/- 0.05). Concentrations were not correlated with gender, smoking habit, age, cause of death, or occupation. These findings suggest that vanadium in ambient air is increasing and it represents a potential health hazard for Mexico City residents. Air pollution monitoring efforts should include vanadium concentrations in suspended particles to follow-up the findings reported herein. Researchers need to acquire a better knowledge of the levels of airborne vanadium exposure at which risk to human health occurs.