RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), a lethal tick-borne Rickettsioses (2000 - 2018 >600 human deaths) involving synanthropic capybara as host. METHODS: We introduced an alternative to mitigate human-capybara conflicts and epidemiologic concerns of BSF. Complex aspects like transmission dynamics, risk areas, host mobility, and birth rate control, were considered to develop a prevention strategy using an anti-GnRH vaccine. RESULTS: The propositioned immunocontraceptive potentially remove and prevent the spread of BSF from endemic areas. CONCLUSIONS: We propose the anti-GnRH vaccine as a BSF prevention strategy based on these favorable results.
Assuntos
Anticoncepção Imunológica/veterinária , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/imunologia , Febre Maculosa das Montanhas Rochosas/prevenção & controle , Roedores/parasitologia , Vacinas Anticoncepcionais/administração & dosagem , Animais , Brasil , Anticoncepção Imunológica/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Controle da População/métodos , Febre Maculosa das Montanhas Rochosas/transmissão , Carrapatos/microbiologiaRESUMO
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Brazilian spotted fever (BSF), a lethal tick-borne Rickettsioses (2000 - 2018 >600 human deaths) involving synanthropic capybara as host. METHODS: We introduced an alternative to mitigate human-capybara conflicts and epidemiologic concerns of BSF. Complex aspects like transmission dynamics, risk areas, host mobility, and birth rate control, were considered to develop a prevention strategy using an anti-GnRH vaccine. RESULTS: The propositioned immunocontraceptive potentially remove and prevent the spread of BSF from endemic areas. CONCLUSIONS: We propose the anti-GnRH vaccine as a BSF prevention strategy based on these favorable results.
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Roedores/parasitologia , Febre Maculosa das Montanhas Rochosas/prevenção & controle , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/imunologia , Anticoncepção Imunológica/veterinária , Vacinas Anticoncepcionais/administração & dosagem , Carrapatos/microbiologia , Brasil , Febre Maculosa das Montanhas Rochosas/transmissão , Controle da População/métodos , Anticoncepção Imunológica/métodosRESUMO
HLA-G is a nonclassical HLA immunotolerogenic molecule expressed in different human cell types. Successful embryo implantation is a consequence of information exchange between the uterus and the blastocyst. It is widely accepted that HLA-G expression by the fetus promotes the establishment of several mechanisms that, ultimately, would protect the developing embryo from maternal immune rejection and seems to be essential to both an adequate implantation and a healthy pregnancy. MicroRNAs miR-148a and miR-152 down-regulate HLA-G expression. The levels of both microRNAs in the placenta are very low. Although various contraceptive methods are available in the market, several of the most popular are based on hormone administration, an approach that have been causing concerns regarding their adverse effects. This scenario has led the research and development of new contraceptive methods meant to induce low disturbances in women body. Based on this context, we hypothesize that the delivery of miR-148a and miR-152 microRNAs, carried by liposomes, into the uterus, would locally induce a down-regulation of the immunotolerogenic HLA-G molecule. In this sense, a local concentration increase of both miR-148a and miR-152 would counteract HLA-G expression and therefore prevent pregnancy development, being a potential tool for the development of a new contraceptive therapy.
Assuntos
Anticoncepção Imunológica/métodos , Terapia Genética/métodos , Antígenos HLA-G/genética , Antígenos HLA-G/imunologia , Fenômenos Imunogenéticos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenômenos Imunogenéticos/fisiologia , Modelos Imunológicos , Regulação para Baixo/imunologia , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Humanos , Modelos Genéticos , Vacinas Anticoncepcionais/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Anticoncepcionais/imunologiaRESUMO
To evaluate the effect of immunocastration on carcass and meat characteristics, Holstein bulls aged between 7 and 8months with a live weight of 232±1.19kg were given two separate treatments, placebo (intact bulls) versus Bopriva, and then slaughtered after approximately 239days of fattening. While the testosterone levels in intact bulls remained at 0.42ng/ml throughout the study, by day 181, differences (P<0.05) were observed in immunized bulls, with values of 0.21ng/ml. The carcasses of animals treated with Bopriva recorded both a higher hot carcass weight (HCW) and a cold carcass weight (CCW), as well as higher dorsal fat density, marbling and KPH (P<0.05); however, no differences (P>0.05) were observed in the Longissimus lumborum area. No significant differences (P>0.05) were recorded between the treatments for pH, L*, a*, b* C* and H*. The carcasses of the animals treated with Bopriva were heavier, with higher dorsal fat density and marbling score.