RESUMO
O Schistosomus reflexus (SR) é uma anomalia congênita fatal de baixa incidência observada principalmente em ruminantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a ocorrência de SRem uma vaca com um quadro de distocia, multípara e de partos anteriores normais, atendida em uma propriedade localizada em Irati, região Centro-Sul do Paraná, Brasil. Durante a anamnese, foi relatado que o trabalho de parto ocorreu normalmente, com dilatação cervical e rompimento da bolsa alantoidiana e amniótica. Contudo, não ouve exteriorização do feto. Devido à inviabilidade da tração forçada observada no exame físico, optou-se pela cesariana. O feto extraído era disforme, apresentando dorsoflexão da coluna vertebral, órgãos abdominais expostos, anquilose de membros e face deformada, as quais são alterações anatômicas compatíveis com as características de Schistosomus reflexusdescritas na literatura. O caso apresentado contribui de forma relevante para o aprimoramento da compreensão e estudos sobre esse distúrbio, uma vez que sua ocorrência é rara.
Schistosomus reflexus (SR) is a fatal congenital anomaly of low incidence mainly observed in ruminants. This study aimed to report the occurrence of SR in a cow with dystocia, multiparous, and normal previous deliveries, treated in a property located in Irati, south-central region of Paraná, Brazil. During anamnesis, it was reported that labor occurred normally, with cervical dilation and disruption of the allantoic and amniotic stalk. However, there was no externalization of the fetus. Due to the infeasibility of the forced traction observed in the physical examination, a cesarean was performed. The extracted fetus was misshaped, presenting dorsiflexion of the spine, exposed abdominal organs, ankylosis of limbs, and deformed face, which are anatomical alterations compatible with the characteristics of Schistosomus reflexus described in the literature. The case reported contributes significantly to the improvement of understanding and studies on this disorder, since its occurrence is rare.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Anormalidades Múltiplas/veterinária , Vísceras/anormalidades , Distocia/veterinária , Anquilose/veterinária , Natimorto/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: Schistosomus reflexus (SR) is a congenital anomaly, that the animal presents exposed abdominal and thoracic organs. The alterations includes limbs malformation, abnormal spinal column, liver and diaphragm hypoplasia, genitourinary and gastrointestinal changes, on this way, the fetus can not survive. The aim of this study was to report the first SR case in dog and cat in Brazil, and describe anatomical, pathological and radiographic changes. Case: The puppy had ventral midline defect in the abdominal and thoracic wall extending from the sternum to the pubis with viscera exposition, including the heart, lung, liver, stomach, intestine, spleen, kidneys, moreover right army was abnormal, however no spinal column was present. It was performed radiography to evaluate bone abnormalities, and was diagnosed agenesis of carpal, metacarpal and phalange bones. The kitten had ventral midline defect measuring 4 x 2 cm, in the abdominal wall and exposition of liver, stomach, intestine and spleen, as well as tibiotarsal joint arthrogryposis on both lags. It was performed fetus radiography and no spinal column change was diagnosed. Discussion: Schistosomus reflexus is a congenital abnormality common in ruminants. Although it was few reported in dogs and cats. The two cases in this study are the firsts reposts in Brazil in these especies. In our case, the dog had exposition of abdominal and thoracic organs and died one hour after born, similar to this, another author reported a case where the thoracic and abdominal evisceration and the puppy died ten minutes after born. However, in another case with abdominal evisceration only, the puppy survived for eight days. Probably it happened because respiratore function was not compromised. The kitten had abdominal opening only, in turn, other authors reported a case whose abdominal viscera exposition was by pelvic fissure, and another case, what presented thoracic and abdominal evisceration, like our dog case...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Cães , Anormalidades Congênitas/patologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/veterinária , Abdome/anormalidades , Tórax/anormalidades , Animais Recém-Nascidos/anormalidades , Vísceras/anormalidadesRESUMO
Background: Schistosomus reflexus (SR) is a congenital anomaly, that the animal presents exposed abdominal and thoracic organs. The alterations includes limbs malformation, abnormal spinal column, liver and diaphragm hypoplasia, genitourinary and gastrointestinal changes, on this way, the fetus can not survive. The aim of this study was to report the first SR case in dog and cat in Brazil, and describe anatomical, pathological and radiographic changes. Case: The puppy had ventral midline defect in the abdominal and thoracic wall extending from the sternum to the pubis with viscera exposition, including the heart, lung, liver, stomach, intestine, spleen, kidneys, moreover right army was abnormal, however no spinal column was present. It was performed radiography to evaluate bone abnormalities, and was diagnosed agenesis of carpal, metacarpal and phalange bones. The kitten had ventral midline defect measuring 4 x 2 cm, in the abdominal wall and exposition of liver, stomach, intestine and spleen, as well as tibiotarsal joint arthrogryposis on both lags. It was performed fetus radiography and no spinal column change was diagnosed. Discussion: Schistosomus reflexus is a congenital abnormality common in ruminants. Although it was few reported in dogs and cats. The two cases in this study are the firsts reposts in Brazil in these especies. In our case, the dog had exposition of abdominal and thoracic organs and died one hour after born, similar to this, another author reported a case where the thoracic and abdominal evisceration and the puppy died ten minutes after born. However, in another case with abdominal evisceration only, the puppy survived for eight days. Probably it happened because respiratore function was not compromised. The kitten had abdominal opening only, in turn, other authors reported a case whose abdominal viscera exposition was by pelvic fissure, and another case, what presented thoracic and abdominal evisceration, like our dog case...
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Cães , Abdome/anormalidades , Animais Recém-Nascidos/anormalidades , Anormalidades Congênitas/patologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/veterinária , Tórax/anormalidades , Vísceras/anormalidadesRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Ayahuasca is a psychotropic plant beverage initially used by shamans throughout the Amazon region during traditional religious cult. In recent years, ayahuasca has also been used in ceremonies of a number of modern syncretic religious groups, including pregnant women. However, no documented study has been performed to evaluate the risk of developmental toxicity of ayahuasca. METHODS: In the present work, maternal and developmental toxicity was evaluated in Wistar rats. Ayahuasca was administered to pregnant rats in three different doses [the equivalent typical dose (TD) administered to humans, five-fold TD and 10-fold TD] during the gestational period (6-20 days). RESULTS: Dams treated with the highest ayahuasca dose showed maternal toxicity with decrease of weight gain and food intake. Visceral fetal findings were observed in all treatment groups. Skeletal findings were observed in the intermediate- and high-dose groups. The fetuses deriving from the highest dose group also presented a decrease in body weight. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, it is possible to conclude that there is a risk of maternal and developmental toxicity following ayahuasca exposure and that the level of toxicity appears to be dose-dependent.
Assuntos
Banisteriopsis/toxicidade , Desenvolvimento Embrionário/efeitos dos fármacos , Exposição Materna , Testes de Toxicidade , Animais , Osso e Ossos/anormalidades , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osso e Ossos/embriologia , Comportamento de Ingestão de Líquido/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento Alimentar/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Feto/anormalidades , Feto/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Gravidez , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacos , Vísceras/anormalidades , Vísceras/efeitos dos fármacos , Vísceras/embriologiaRESUMO
Harmonization of terminology in developmental toxicology is a prerequisite to ensure a better risk assessment of chemicals. As part of an international effort of the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) to harmonize terminology in developmental toxicology, workshops have taken place in Berlin since 1995. This publication reports the main outcomes of the Fifth and Sixth Berlin Workshops held in 2005 and 2007, respectively. The objective of the Fifth workshop was to discuss a draft international proposal for updating the glossary of descriptive terms for fetal abnormalities put forward by Wise et al. [Wise LD, et al. Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (version 1). Teratology 1997;55:249-92]. The participants were asked to classify the new external, visceral and skeletal observations included within this new version 2 of Terminology of Developmental Abnormalities in common Laboratory Mammals according to the two-category scheme (malformation and variation) agreed at previous Berlin workshops. The discussions held during the Sixth Workshop were mainly focused on the causes of uncertainty and low agreement regarding classification of some fetal observations as malformations or variations. Lack of precision in descriptive terms and insufficient knowledge of the postnatal consequences of fetal observations had been identified as major causes of uncertainty and lower agreement among evaluators regarding the classification of "grey zone anomalies", i.e. abnormalities that do not fit readily into one of the two categories (malformation or variation). Imprecise anatomical terms, observation terms that are too broad, lack of information on severity and the use of different terms for the same change or different severities of the same change, were found to be the main reasons that descriptive terms are often not sufficiently precise to allow accurate classification of findings. It was agreed that provision of additional information, including sub-location within the affected structure, more detailed description of the nature of the change, in conjunction with presentation of photographs wherever possible, and a grading for severity would make descriptive terms more precise, thereby reducing misclassifications. A better knowledge of the adversity and postnatal consequences of fetal observations was considered as the key issue for achieving a substantial reduction in the number of misclassifications and grey zone anomalies. The urgent need for additional research along this line as a prerequisite for a better risk assessment was emphasized by the participants.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/classificação , Desenvolvimento Fetal/efeitos dos fármacos , Terminologia como Assunto , Toxicologia/normas , Xenobióticos/toxicidade , Animais , Osso e Ossos/anormalidades , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Educação , Cooperação Internacional , Vísceras/anormalidades , Vísceras/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Blue Rubber-Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS, Bean Syndrome) is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of cutaneous and visceral vascular malformations. Although it may affect several organs, the gastrointestinal tract is one of the most frequently involved sites. It can cause gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic anemia. We report an 8-years-old girl who was admitted because of cutaneous malformations and anemia suspected to be caused by gastrointestinal bleeding. Cutaneous lesions were compatible with Blue Rubber-Bleb Nevus Syndrome. Vascular malformations were confirmed by diagnostic gastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy and further therapeutical intervention was planned. We performed banding of 2 lesions located in the stomach and sclerotherapy of a duodenal lesion. Six colonic lesions were treated with banding and three other polypoid lesions were endoscopically resected A combined laparoscopic and endoscopic approach was performed for evaluation and treatment of small-bowel lesions. Eighteen lesions were found. We endoscopically resected 8 polipoid lesions. Eight other large transmural lesions were removed by wedge resection. Only one lesion required termino-terminal anastomosis. We consider that endoscopic treatment and laparoscopically assisted enteroscopy are safe and effective options in the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by vascular malformations.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiologia , Malformações Vasculares/complicações , Vísceras/anormalidades , Anormalidades Múltiplas/cirurgia , Criança , Feminino , Seguimentos , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Humanos , Síndrome , Resultado do Tratamento , Malformações Vasculares/diagnóstico , Malformações Vasculares/cirurgiaRESUMO
Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo con 207 pacientes de todas las edades operados en el Servicio de Cirugía General y Pediátrica en el Hospital Militar de San Cristóbal, a quienes se les practico Herniplastia en la pared abdominal anterior. Durante el periodo de dieciocho meses comprendidos desde mayo 2005 a octubre 2006. Más de la tercera parte de los pacientes tenían entre 16 y 30 años de edad, con predominio del sexo masculino, en una relación 2:1 a excepción de la Crural. El mayor número de cirugía de urgencia se realizó en personas mayores de 76 años. La hernia Umbilical fue el diagnóstico operatorio más frecuente (52.17 por ciento). La Hernia inguinal fue la segunda en frecuencia y constituyo la asociada con mayor relevancia. La Epigástrica predominó ante la Crural. La mortalidad por complicación fue nula. Cerca del 4 por ciento de los pacientes fue intervenido de emergencia. Por lo que concluimos que nuestros resultados en los diferentes tipos de hernias estudiados no escapan de los observados en las estadísticas nacionales e internacionales.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Hérnia/classificação , Hérnia/diagnóstico , Hérnia/patologia , Parede Abdominal/anatomia & histologia , Ultrassonografia , Exame Físico/métodos , Fáscia/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fáscia/lesões , Força Muscular , Vísceras/anormalidadesRESUMO
Se presenta un caso de síndrome de Brida amniótica que es una malformación congénita caracterizada por la formación de bandas fibrosas derivadas del amnios y que comprimen y estrangulan partes fetales especialmente cráneoencefálicas y de las extremidades. La etiopatogenia es desconocida y se descarta la participación de factores genéticos. Las formas menores son susceptibles de fetocopia y compatibles con la sobrevida. Las formas severas son incompatibles con la vida.
Assuntos
Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros/etiologia , Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas/fisiopatologia , Anormalidades Craniofaciais/etiologia , Cordão Umbilical/anormalidades , Parede Abdominal/anormalidades , Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas/complicações , Síndrome de Bandas Amnióticas/epidemiologia , Vísceras/anormalidadesRESUMO
We report two cases of duodenal atresia associated with corporal symmetry changes. The one of them presented a "situs inversus total" and the other one a Ivermak syndrome. The association between duodenal atresia and Ivermak syndrome has a very low incidence. We have not found references with respect to the association between duodenal atresia and "situs inversus totalis". The embryo-genetic hypothesis that could relate both anomalies are discussed. Perhaps are not caused by chance.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas , Obstrução Duodenal/congênito , Atresia Intestinal , Vísceras/anormalidades , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , MasculinoRESUMO
A one-year-old girl with a mosaicism for an extra chromosome 9 is reported. Clinical findings included severe growth and mental retardation, frequent respiratory infections, peculiar face, skeletal and craniofacial abnormalities, seizures, spasticity, cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal and genitourinary alterations. These findings were compared to those of the 10 other previously reported cases of trisomy 9 mosaicism. This helps to define the most constant phenotypical characteristics and most frequent major malformations which occur in trisomy 9 mosaicism. It is noteworthy that the reported percentage of trisomic cells was different in lymphocytes and in fibroblasts in each case.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Aberrações Cromossômicas/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 9 , Mosaicismo , Trissomia , Transtornos Cromossômicos , Face/anormalidades , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros , Espasticidade Muscular/genética , Vísceras/anormalidadesRESUMO
During the past 25 years a relation between allergic states and vascular lesions of the type seen in periarteritis nodosa has been firmly established by study of human disease and by experimental evidence. Gruber suggested that periarteritis nodosa is a hyperergic vascular response to infection. Cohen kline and yong postulated a causal relationship between allergy as exemplified by severe asthma and periarteritis nodosa developing in its course. Wilson and Alexander on reviewing the literature found association of these two diseases in I8 per cent of 300 cases of periarteritis nodosa. Cases of this type have been studied also by Rachemann and greene who described the clinical syndrome in some detail and by harkavy who interpreted this syndrome as an expression of vascular alllergy. Rich and other authores found vascular lesions in patients who develepd reactions to foreign serum or drugs (sulfonamides, iodine, dilatin) which Rich believed to be identical with those of periarteritis nodosa. Rich and Gregory were able do reproduce these of periarteritis nodosa. Rich and gregory were able to reproduce these lesions experimentally in animais. While most of the authors concerned themselves with patologic changes in the vascular system there are a number of reports in the literature indicating that in addition widely dispersed extravascular lesions may occur in connective tissue (Rossle, /bergstrand, Rich, Smith). Such lesions are characterized by inflamatory exudate rich in eosinophilic leukocytes by necrosis of the exudate and by severe alteration of collaagen with granulomatous /9epitheliod and giant cell)reaction...