RESUMO
A composiçao das proteínas alcool (prolaminas) obtidas das farinhas de trigo suave por dois procedimentos foram analizadas por el electroforense a pH 3,1 e, após disociaçao, na presença de dodecil sulfato de sódio a pH 8,0. Os perfis obtidos da fracâo prolamina do trigo sarraceno muito diferentes tanto qualitativamente como quantitativamente daqueles da prolamina, do trigo suave. Parece, portanto, provável que ofeitos adversos associados com alimentares contendo gliadina de trigo a pacientes celíacos seriam reduzidos e possivelmente evitados se a farinha de trigo fosse substituida pela farinha de trigo sarraceno
Assuntos
Humanos , Dietoterapia/estatística & dados numéricos , Grão Comestível/análise , Eletroforese/estatística & dados numéricos , Farinha/classificação , Glutens/administração & dosagem , Triticum/análiseRESUMO
Total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch contents of wheat, maize and sorghum grains were affected adversely at 25, 50 and 75 percent insect infestation caused by Trogoderma granarium Everts and Rhizopertha dominica Fabricius, separately and mixed population. R. dominica caused significant (P < 0.05) reduction in available carbohydrates at 50 and 75 percent. Mixture of both insect species caused intermediate losses. Storage of cereal grains up to 4 months resulted in substantial increase in sugars and decrease in starch content, but storage for a shorter period of time did not cause any significant changes in levels of carbohydrates (Summary)
Assuntos
21003 , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Carboidratos/análise , Grão Comestível/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos , Conservação de Alimentos , Grão Comestível/parasitologia , Zea mays/análise , Zea mays/parasitologia , Amido/análise , Triticum/análise , Triticum/parasitologiaRESUMO
Se estudió la influencia de distintos solventes de extracción, sobre el perfil electroforético de proteínas de trigo, como etapa previa a su posible detección en alimentos para celiacos. Se utilizó electroforesis en placas de gel de poliacrimida en sistema discontinuo y disociante. Los solventes de extracción estudiados para gliadinas fueron: 1) etanol 70§, 2) dioxano 40§, 3) isopropanol 55§, 4) isopropanol 55§ + 2 mercaptoetanol, y para proteínas totales: 5) Buffer conteniendo dodecilsulfato de sodio y 2 Mercaptoetanol. Del análisis de los densitogramas, surge que los solventes 4) y 5), son los más adecuados, debido a la buena extracción y resolución proteica. Si bien con el resto de los solventes se obtienen pocas bandas proteicas, en principio es conveniente extraer también con el solvente 3 en caso de mezclas con otras proteinas que pudieran presentar perfiles proteicos complejos con los solventes 4 y 5. Los resultados se aplican al análisis de trigo sarraceno
Assuntos
Farinha/análise , Triticum/análise , Proteínas de Vegetais Comestíveis/isolamento & purificação , Eletroforese , Doença Celíaca/dietoterapia , Solventes/análiseRESUMO
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos al evaluar un método in vivo para determinar la fibra dietética, propuesto por los autores en un trabajo anterior, en dietas que contienen diferentes niveles de salvado de trigo fino como principal portador de fibra. Se estudia la influencia que tiene el período de adaptación sobre los valores de fibra dietética obtenidos, la linealidad de los mismos en el intervalo de trabajo (de 0 a 30 %de salvado), así como las correlación que presentan estos valores de los resultados obtenidos por un método in vivo y con los porcentajes de salvado de trigo al evaluar dietas con distintos niveles de salvado. Se concluye que los valores de porcentaje de fibra dietética total y fibra dietética del portador obtenidos por el método estudiado, aceptable como método de análisis
Assuntos
Ratos , Animais , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Triticum/análiseRESUMO
Four cookie formulas (A, B, C and D) were prepared by combining stabilized rice bran with flour of other locally produced cereals. A Hedonic Scale from 1 to 7 was used to test acceptability; and Proximate Composition, Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Chemical Score (C.S>) and NDpCal% were determined. Sensory evaluation of the products did not detect a significant preference (p = 0.05) for any of the tested cookies. The formula A (30% rice bram), with the highest average score in flavor (6.2) and the highest PER (0.9) was selected for a consumer test among children ages 4 to 7, resulting in an acceptability of 100%
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Humanos , Tecnologia de Alimentos , Oryza/análise , Ingestão de Energia , Flúor/análise , Análise de Alimentos , Alimentos Formulados , Valor Nutritivo , Triticum/análiseRESUMO
Em amostras de milho em gräo e trigo de várias procedências, foi verificada a ocorrência de deoxinivalenol (DON), utilizando a técnica de cromatografia em camada delgada. Das 120 amostras analisadas, apenas duas apresentaram deoxinivalenol com concentraçäo de 183,0mg/kg. O limite de determinaçäo do método foi de 110,0mg/kg on meg. Os testes de recuperaçäo variaram de 80 a 100% para o trigo e de 75 a 100% para o milho com médias de 90 a 85%, respectivamente. O coeficiente de variaçäo foi de 11%, tanto para o trigo como para o milho
Assuntos
Triticum/análise , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Zea mays/análise , Contaminação de AlimentosRESUMO
The influence of wheat bran as a source of dietary fibre on the excretion of ingested cadmium from diet was studied. The cadmium contents in the diets, faeces, urine, liver, kidney and spleen were determined, as well as the weight gains, the relative weights of the cited organs, and the levels of alkaline phosphatase in serum. No evidence is provided that an increasing portion of wheat bran in the diets induced an increase in cadmium excretion. Changes in the studied toxicity parameters were not found.
Assuntos
Cádmio/metabolismo , Fibras na Dieta/farmacologia , Triticum , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Animais , Cádmio/urina , Fezes/análise , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Baço/metabolismo , Triticum/análiseRESUMO
The Spanish-American diets are classified in four types, according to the prevailing cereal in each of them. The content of the most important microelements in agreement with analytical data and food composition tables was determined in each type. Regional deficiencies were determined and references are made specially to Peru. Solutions based on modern pharmaceutical resources are proposed.
Assuntos
Cobre/análise , Dieta/normas , Ferro/análise , Zinco/análise , Oryza/análise , Peru , Triticum/análise , Zea mays/análiseRESUMO
A modification of the method of Spies and Chambers for the determination of tryptophan in food products is described. The results were compared with those obtained with the microbiological method and gave identical results. The results on tryptophan content of bean broth were consistently higher than expected. Apparently, bean broth contains certain factors, which interfere with both procedures. In summary, the modified method is simple and easy to perform in large numbers of samples.
Assuntos
Colorimetria/métodos , Análise de Alimentos/métodos , Triptofano/análise , Animais , Bioensaio , Fabaceae/análise , Reações Falso-Positivas , Farinha/análise , Leite/análise , Plantas Medicinais , Triticum/análise , Zea mays/análiseRESUMO
45 rats Wistar, 30 days old, were divided into five groups, receiving different diets: casein, bean and wheat flour. The last two diets were supplemented or not by D-L Methionine and D-L Lysine, respectively. Diets and fluoridated water (25 ppm) were given "ad libitum" for 28 days. After this period of experience, the animals were sacrificed and the mandible and the tibias removed for analyses of fluoride, calcium, phosphorus and ash. The A.A. main conclusions are the following: The fixation of fluorides in bones is significantly increased with the supplement of the limitant factor to dificients diets. In this condition, the mandible shows smaller fixation of fluorides than tibias. The level of calcium, phosphorus and ash shows to be similar in the diferentes groups. This data suggests interaction of the protein quality and the percentual fixation of fluorides, and the necessity of further studies about this problem.
Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Proteínas Alimentares/metabolismo , Fluoretos/metabolismo , Animais , Osso e Ossos/análise , Caseínas/metabolismo , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Farinha/análise , Alimentos Fortificados , Necessidades Nutricionais , Deficiência de Proteína/dietoterapia , Ratos , Triticum/análiseRESUMO
The digestibility of various starches has been studied in normal infants of different ages. During balance periods of 3 days, while the infants were receiving known dietary quantities of the starch to be tested, the fecal content of lactic acid, glucose, dextrins, and starch was measured. After the first year of life, children were able to absorb almost completely 170 gm/m2 of body surface of cooked wheat starch given in the form of biscuit or macaroni. A lower absorption coefficient was found for potato starch given in the form of biscuit. Cooked wheat, tapioca, corn, rice, and potato starch in amounts of 45 and 85 gm/m2/day, respectively, for 1- and 3-mo-old infants, were almost completely absorbed. In 1-mo-old infants larger amounts (110 gm/m2/day) of cooked rice starch were well tolerated; it should therefore be possible to provide a large part of the carbohydrate requirements of infants from the first month of life with cooked starches.