RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To compare performance in Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo Central and Scale of Auditory Behaviors scores before and after auditory and motor training. Methods Sample comprising 162 children aged 9 to 11 years and attending public schools in the city of São Paulo (SP), Brazil; 122 out of 162 children were allocated to one of three experimental groups: Multisensory; Auditory/Motor and Motor/Auditory. Experimental groups were submitted to 8 hours of auditory, visuospatial and motor stimulation over the course of 8 weeks. The remaining 40 children formed the Control Group and received no stimulation. Results Relation between child behavior as perceived by school teachers and auditory test responses revealed that the better the performance in auditory processing assessment, the higher the Scale of Auditory Behaviors scores. Conclusion Auditory and motor training led to improvements in auditory processing skills as rated by Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo Central and Scale of Auditory Behaviors; this intervention model proved to be a good tool for use in school settings.
RESUMO Objetivo Comparar as respostas da Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo Central às da Scale of Auditory Behaviors antes e depois de um treinamento auditivo e de habilidades motoras. Métodos Participaram 162 escolares de 9 a 11 anos de escola pública municipal da cidade de São Paulo (SP), sendo 122 deles divididos em três grupos experimentais: Multissensorial; Auditivo/Motor e Motor/Auditivo. Eles receberam estimulação auditiva, visuoespacial e motora durante 8 semanas (8 horas). O Grupo Controle, que não recebeu estimulação, foi formado por 40 escolares. Resultados A relação entre a percepção dos professores sobre o comportamento dos alunos e suas respostas em testes auditivos mostrou que quanto melhor o resultado na avaliação do processamento auditivo, melhores os escores da Scale of Auditory Behaviors. Conclusão Após treinamento auditivo e motor, ocorreu melhora significativa das habilidades do processamento auditivo demonstradas pela Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo Central e na Scale of Auditory Behaviors, e este modelo de intervenção consistiu em boa ferramenta para uso na escola.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Percepção Auditiva , Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/reabilitação , Estimulação Acústica/métodos , Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/metabolismo , Transtornos da Audição/diagnósticoRESUMO
Mechanosensory hair cells of the organ of Corti transmit information regarding sound to the central nervous system by way of peripheral afferent neurons. In return, the central nervous system provides feedback and modulates the afferent stream of information through efferent neurons. The medial olivocochlear efferent system makes direct synaptic contacts with outer hair cells and inhibits amplification brought about by the active mechanical process inherent to these cells. This feedback system offers the potential to improve the detection of signals in background noise, to selectively attend to particular signals, and to protect the periphery from damage caused by overly loud sounds. Acetylcholine released at the synapse between efferent terminals and outer hair cells activates a peculiar nicotinic cholinergic receptor subtype, the alpha9alpha10 receptor. At present no pharmacotherapeutic approaches have been designed that target this cholinergic receptor to treat pathologies of the auditory system. The potential use of alpha9alpha10 selective drugs in conditions such as noise-induced hearing loss, tinnitus and auditory processing disorders is discussed.