RESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is a growing body of research documenting an increased risk of neonatal morbidity for late preterm infants (LPI, 34(0/7) weeks to 36(6/7) weeks) and early term infants (ETI, 37(0/7) weeks to 38(6/7) weeks) compared with term infants (TI, 39(0/7) to 41(6/7) ); however, there has been little research on outcomes beyond the first year of life. In this study, we examined respiratory outcomes of LPI and ETI in early childhood. METHODS: South Carolina Medicaid claims data for maternal delivery and infant birth hospitalisations were linked to vital records data for the years 2000 through 2003. Medicaid claims for all infants were then followed until their fifth birthday or until a break in their eligibility. Infants born between 34(0/7) and 41(6/7) weeks were eligible. Infants with congenital anomaly, birthweight below 500 g or above 6000 g, and multiple births were excluded. We fit Cox proportional hazard models from which adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived. RESULTS: A total of 3476 LPI, 12 398 ETI, and 25 975 term infants were included. Both LPI and ETI were associated with an increased risk for asthma (LPI: HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.10, 1.40; ETI: HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06, 1.19), and bronchitis (LPI: HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00, 1.34; ETI: HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.05, 1.2) at 3 to 5 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Late preterm infants and early term infants are at increased risk for asthma and bronchitis.
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Nascimento Prematuro , Transtornos Respiratórios/economia , Transtornos Respiratórios/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Medicaid , Gravidez , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , South Carolina/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of temporary social security benefits due to respiratory disease granted to employees, as well as the number of lost workdays and costs resulting from those in Brazil between 2003 and 2004. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using data obtained from the Unified System of Benefits of the Brazilian Institute of Social Security (INSS, Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social) and the Brazilian Social Registry Database. Data regarding gender, age, diagnosis and type of economic activity, as well as type, duration and cost of benefits, were compiled. RESULTS: Respiratory diseases accounted for 1.3% of the total number of temporary social security benefits granted by INSS, with a prevalence rate of 9.92 (per 10,000 employment contracts). Females and individuals older than 50 years of age were the most affected. Non-work-related benefits were more common than were work-related benefits. The most prevalent diseases were pneumonia, asthma and COPD, followed by laryngeal and vocal cord diseases. The most prevalent types of economic activity were auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities. The mean duration of benefits was 209.68 days, with a mean cost of R$ 4,495.30 per occurrence. Respiratory diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leave (mean, 296.72 days) and greater cost (mean, R$ 7,105.74). CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent diseases were airway diseases and pneumonia. Workers from auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities were the most affected. Diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leaves and resulted in greater costs.
Assuntos
Emprego/economia , Transtornos Respiratórios/economia , Previdência Social/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Computadores , Estudos Transversais , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Equipamentos e Provisões , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ocupações/classificação , Ocupações/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Respiratórios/epidemiologia , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Licença Médica/economia , Licença Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Previdência Social/economia , Indústria do Tabaco , Meios de TransporteRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência dos benefícios temporários do tipo auxílio-doença, devido a doença respiratória, concedidos aos trabalhadores empregados, bem como os dias de trabalho perdidos e custos decorrentes destes no Brasil entre 2003 e 2004. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com dados obtidos do Sistema Único de Benefícios do Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social (INSS) e do Cadastro Nacional de Informações Sociais. Foram compilados dados sobre o sexo, idade, diagnóstico, ramo de atividade econômica, espécie, duração e custo dos benefícios. RESULTADOS: As doenças respiratórias representaram 1,3 por cento do total de benefícios auxílio-doença concedidos pelo INSS, com um coeficiente de prevalência de 9,92 (por 10.000 vínculos). As mulheres e as faixas etárias acima de 50 anos foram mais acometidas. Os benefícios previdenciários foram mais frequentes que aos acidentários. As doenças mais prevalentes foram pneumonia, asma, DPOC e doenças das cordas vocais e da laringe. Os ramos de atividade econômica mais prevalentes foram fabricação de outros equipamentos de transporte, fabricação de produtos do fumo e atividades de informática e conexas. A média da duração dos benefícios foi de 209,68 dias, com custo médio de R$ 4.495,30 por benefício. As doenças respiratórias por agentes exógenos demandaram maiores tempo de afastamento (média, 296,72 dias) e custo (média, R$ 7.105,74). CONCLUSÕES: As doenças mais prevalentes foram as das vias aéreas e as pneumonias. Os trabalhadores da fabricação de outros equipamentos de transporte, indústria do fumo e da atividade de informática foram os mais incapacitados. As doenças por agentes exógenos demandaram maior custo e duração.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of temporary social security benefits due to respiratory disease granted to employees, as well as the number of lost workdays and costs resulting from those in Brazil between 2003 and 2004. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using data obtained from the Unified System of Benefits of the Brazilian Institute of Social Security (INSS, Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social) and the Brazilian Social Registry Database. Data regarding gender, age, diagnosis and type of economic activity, as well as type, duration and cost of benefits, were compiled. RESULTS: Respiratory diseases accounted for 1.3 percent of the total number of temporary social security benefits granted by INSS, with a prevalence rate of 9.92 (per 10,000 employment contracts). Females and individuals older than 50 years of age were the most affected. Non-work-related benefits were more common than were work-related benefits. The most prevalent diseases were pneumonia, asthma and COPD, followed by laryngeal and vocal cord diseases. The most prevalent types of economic activity were auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities. The mean duration of benefits was 209.68 days, with a mean cost of R$ 4,495.30 per occurrence. Respiratory diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leave (mean, 296.72 days) and greater cost (mean, R$ 7,105.74). CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent diseases were airway diseases and pneumonia. Workers from auxiliary transportation equipment manufacturing, tobacco product manufacturing and computer-related activities were the most affected. Diseases caused by exogenous agents demanded longer sick leaves and resulted in greater costs.