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BACKGROUND: Cat eye syndrome (CES) is a rare chromosomal disorder with a known incidence of 1 per 50,000-150,000 live newborns. The classic triad of iris coloboma, anorectal malformations, and auricular abnormalities is present in 40% of patients. In addition, other ocular malformations and systemic defects can be present. The aim of this report is to present a patient with unilateral iris coloboma related to a mosaicism of cat eye syndrome. METHODS: A complete ophthalmological and systemic evaluation was performed in a three-year-old male. He also underwent a standard karyotype and FISH analysis with a probe against the 22q11.2 locus. RESULTS: The ophthalmological and systemic evaluation revealed a unilateral iris coloboma and ipsilateral auricular malformations. Karyotype analysis of blood leukocytes indicated the presence of a marker chromosome in 6% of the analyzed cells. FISH analysis showed three positive signals in 5.5% of the analyzed nucleus. CONCLUSION: This patient presented two of the three classic manifestations of CES; interestingly, they were unilateral. The 22q11 duplication was identified by standard karyotype and confirmed with FISH. The present case demonstrates the importance of conducting a multidisciplinary approach in patients with congenital malformations associated with known syndromes.

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Los marcadores ecográficos del segundo trimestre, han revolucionado la estimación del riesgo para cromosomopatías, permiten identificar gestantes con riesgo incrementado. OBJETIVOS: realizar una evaluación preliminar de los marcadores ecográficos del segundo trimestre, como indicadores de riesgo para cromosomopatías, en pacientes que se realizaron diagnóstico prenatal citogenético. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de corte transversal, con el objetivo de realizar una evaluación preliminar de la utilidad de los marcadores. Para la realización de esta investigación fueron revisadas todas las historias clínicas de las gestantes que se sometieron a estudio citogenético en el Departamento Provincial de Genética de Ciudad de la Habana, perteneciente al Hospital Ginecoobstétrico Ramón González Coro, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2007. De ellas, se estudiaron 230 gestantes que asistieron a esta consulta con la intención de evaluar los marcadores ecográficos del segundo trimestre, que con más frecuencia constituyeron indicadores de riesgo de cromosomopatías, constituyeron la muestra para estudio. RESULTADOS: de las 15 pacientes con cromosomopatías, solo una tuvo marcadores negativos, lo que muestra una asociación de marcadores positivos y diagnóstico de aberraciones cromosómicas. Los marcadores que mostraron mejor valor predictivo fueron el Higroma Quístico, el CIUR y el Pliegue Nucal aumentado. CONCLUSIONES: cuando no existen marcadores ecográficos positivos del segundo trimestre, esto permite afirmar con una probabilidad de 98 por ciento que el producto de la gestación no posee una alteración cromosómica

Second trimester echographic markers have revolutionize the risk estimation for chromosome diseases, allowing to identify an increase risk in pregnants. OBJECTIVES: to carry out a preliminary assessment of second trimester echographic markers like risk indicators for chromosome diseases in patients with a cytogenetics prenatal diagnosis. METHODS: a cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted to make a preliminary assessment on markers usefulness. In this assessment all clinical records of pregnants with cytogenetics study were reviewed in Provincial Genetics Department of Havana City from Ramón González Coro: Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital between January, 2006 and December, 2007. From that total, 230 pregnants seen in this consultation were studied to assess the second trimester echographic markers more frequent like risk indicators of chromosome diseases, were the study sample. RESULTS: from the 15 patients presenting with chromosome diseases, only one had negative markers, showing a relation between positive markers and diagnosis of chromosomal aberrations. Markers with a better predictive value were Cystic Hygroma, IUGR and a increased nuchal fold. CONCLUSIONS: when there are not second trimester positive echographic markers, it allows confirm with a 90 percent of probability that fetus has not chromosomal alteration

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