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Introducción: el trastorno afectivo bipolar (TAB) es una enfermedad mental crónica más frecuente en mujeres que en hombres. La prevalencia en el mundo es del 1% y en Colombia es del 1,2%. Objetivo: Describir las características demográficas, de salud, necesidades de cuidado y diagnóstico de enfermería en pacientes que ingresan a hospitalización con un diagnóstico de TAB a la Clínica Psiquiátrica Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón. Método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se seleccionaron 158 historias clínicas entre enero y junio de 2015, La información se recolectó de las notas de ingreso del equipo terapéutico, y para las necesidades de cuidado se utilizaron los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon. Resultados: el 55,7% eran mujeres, con edades entre 19 y 82 años, el 71,5% eran residentes de Medellin, el 47,5% eran solteros, el 19% tenían estudios secundarios. El 66,5% presentó sintomatologia propia del TAB en el momento del ingreso; el diagnóstico CIE-10 más frecuente fue TAB-episodio maniaco, presente con síntomas psicóticos. Las necesidades encontradas, según los patrones de Marjory Gordon, fueron: falta de introspección, presencia de insomnio, alucinaciones y autoagresión. Para estas necesidades los diagnósticos de enfermería fueron: deterioro de la toma de decisiones independiente, trastorno del patrón del sueño y riesgo de violencia autodirigida. Conclusiones: La información demográfica y de salud es similar a las características reportadas por otras investigaciones. Tanto las necesidades de cuidado y los diagnósticos de enfermería son congruentes con la incapacidad mental que impiden un adecuado autocuidado.

Introduction: Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD) is a chronic mental illness more frequently found in woman than in men. The prevalence over the world is 1% and in Colombia is 1.2%. Objective: To describe the demographic and health characteristics, care needs and nursing diagnoses in patients hospitalized due to a BAD diagnosis in the mental-health clinic Clínica Psiquiátrica Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón. Method: This is a retrospective descriptive study. One hundred and fifty-eight medical records were selected between January and June 2015. Information was gathered from the admission notes by the therapeutic team; the functional patterns by Marjory Gordon were used to examine the care needs based on the data. Results: In the sample, 55.7%were women from 19 to 82 years old; 71.5% of the sample lived in Medellin; 47.5% were single individuals; 19% had completed the high school. A 66.5% showed symptoms typical to the BAD at the time of admission; under the CIE-10 diagnosis, the BAD maniac episode was the most frequent and included psychotic symptoms. According to the patterns by Marjory Gordon, the nursing needs found in the sample were: lack of introspection, sleeplessness, hallucinations, and selfharming. Regarding these needs, the nursing diagnoses were: deterioration in the independent decision-making; disorder of the sleep pattern and self-harming risk. Conclusions: The demographic and health information is similar to the typical characteristics reported in other researches. Both the care needs and nursing diagnoses are consistent with the mental inability, which hampers an appropriate self-care.

Introdução: O transtorno afetivo bipolar (TAB) é uma doença mental crônica mais frequente em mulheres do que em homens. A prevalência no mundo é de 1 % e na Colômbia é de 1,2%. Objetivo: Descrever as características demográficas, de saúde, necessidades de cuidado e diagnóstico de enfermagem em pacientes internos com diagnóstico de TAB na Clínica Psiquiátrica Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón. Método: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo. Selecionaram-se 158 relatórios clínicos entre janeiro e junho de 2015. A informação foi coletada das anotações de admissão da equipe terapêutica, e para as necessidades de cuidado foram utilizados padrões funcionais de Marjory Gordon. Resultados: 55,7% foram mulheres, com idades entre 19 e 82 anos, 71,5% foram residentes em Medellin, 47,5% solteiros, 19% tinham ensino médio. 66,5% apresentou sintomatologia própria do TAB no momento do ingresso; o diagnóstico CIE-10 mais frequente foi TAB-episódio maníaco, presente com sintomas psicóticos. As necessidades encontradas, de acordo com os padrões de Marjory Gordon, foram: falta de introspeção, presença de insônia, alucinações e autoagressão. Para tais necessidades os diagnósticos de enfermagem foram: deterioração da tomada de decisões independente, transtorno do padrão de sonho e risco de violência autodirigida. Conclusões: As informações demográficas e de saúde são semelhantes às caraterísticas relatadas por outras pesquisas. Tanto as necessidades de cuidado quanto os diagnósticos de enfermagem são congruentes com a incapacidade mental que impede um adequado autocuidado.

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PURPOSE: Caregiver burden is a variable which measures the impact of a chronic disease on the people who are closer to the patient. Different investigations have shown that the burden suffered by family members of patients with bipolar disorder is similar to that suffered by the relatives of schizophrenic patients and superior to the excessive strain caused by chronic diseases, such as diabetes. Lowering burden levels has been proved to improve family members' welfare and also to reduce patients' relapse indexes. This research accounts for the diminution in the burden endured by family members who participated in a psychoeducational workshop which included an "expert patient" in the coordinators team. METHODS: Zarit scale for assessment of caregiver burden was used at three stages: at the beginning of the workshop (n=95), at the end of the workshop (n=64) and three months later by a follow-up (n=34). RESULTS: The percentage of participants with overburden was reduced from a 75 % in the first sample taken to a 63% in the last one with a significant fall in the intense burden. CONCLUSIONS: The study has succeeded in showing that there was a reduction in the burden. However, it could not prove whether the results came as a consequence of the intervention model or as the natural evolution of the burden over the course of time. We have been advancing in further investigations which will shed light on these variables.

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This qualitative study aimed to analyze the clinical criteria used for the administration of prescribed medications for use when needed (SOS); and discuss the implication of the findings in this research to clinical psychiatric nursing. The records of female patients admitted to a psychiatric institution in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in the time frame from May to June 2009, were analyzed. In the 38 patient records, 16 prescriptions for medications SOS were found. The mean age of patients was around 45-55 years with a clinical diagnosis of Bipolar Mood Disorder. The medication category most prescribed as SOS was of benzodiazepines, followed by antipsychotics. It was noticed a tendency to not valuing the administration of medication in SOS notes. The study points out the importance to establish clinical criteria to indicate the need, or not, to administer prescribed SOS medications.

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This qualitative study aimed to analyze the clinical criteria used for the administration of prescribed medications for use when needed (SOS); and discuss the implication of the findings in this research to clinical psychiatric nursing. The records of female patients admitted to a psychiatric institution in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in the time frame from May to June 2009, were analyzed. In the 38 patient records, 16 prescriptions for medications SOS were found. The mean age of patients was around 45-55 years with a clinical diagnosis of Bipolar Mood Disorder. The medication category most prescribed as SOS was of benzodiazepines, followed by antipsychotics. It was noticed a tendency to not valuing the administration of medication in SOS notes. The study points out the importance to establish clinical criteria to indicate the need, or not, to administer prescribed SOS medications.

Trata-se de estudo qualitativo que objetivou analisar os critérios clínicos utilizados para a administração das medicações prescritas de uso quando necessário (SOS); e discutir a implicação dos achados nesta pesquisa para a clínica da enfermagem psiquiátrica. Foram analisados os prontuários de pacientes do sexo feminino, internadas em uma instituição psiquiátrica na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no recorte temporal de maioo a junho de 2009. Nos 38 prontuários analisados, foram encontradas 16 prescrições de medicações SOS. A idade média das pacientes girou em torno de 45-55 anos, com diagnóstico clínico de Transtorno Bipolar do Humor. A categoria de medicação mais prescrita como SOS foi a dos benzodiazepínicos, seguidos de antipsicóticos. Notou-se uma tendência à não valorização da administração da medicação SOS nas anotações. O estudo aponta a necessidade de que sejam estabelecidos critérios clínicos que indiquem a necessidade, ou não, de administrar medicações prescritas como SOS.

Este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo analizar los criterios clínicos utilizados para la administración de medicamentos prescritos para su uso cuando sea necesario (SOS); y discutir las implicaciones de los hallazgos en esta investigación a la clínica de enfermería psiquiátrica. Fueran utilizados los registros de pacientes de sexo femenino admitidos en una institución psiquiátrica en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, en el marco de tiempo de mayo a junio de 2009. En los 38 prontuarios de pacientes analizados, se encontraron 16 recetas para medicamentos SOS. La edad media de los pacientes fue de alrededor de 45 a 55 años con un diagnóstico clínico de trastorno bipolar del estado de ánimo. La categoría de medicamento más prescrito como SOS fue la de benzodiacepinas, seguido de los antipsicóticos. Notó-se una tendencia a no valorar la administración de medicamentos SOS en los registros. El estudio apunta a la importancia de estabelecimiento de criterios clínicos que indiquen la necesidad o no de administrar los medicamentos prescritos como SOS.

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Objetivo: Analisar a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem (SAE) oferecida a uma idosa portadora de transtorno afetivo bipolar (TAB), norteando-se pelos preceitos da Teoria do Autocuidado de Orem. Métodos: Durante a assistência domiciliar foram realizadas dez visitas domiciliares à paciente, para elaborar um plano de cuidados envolvendo diretamente a família. Nesse contexto, foram avaliadas a família e a paciente, por meio do Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar (MCAF), e foram planejados cuidados utilizando a SAE. Resultados: Constatou-se que a paciente compreende a importância da sua família para seu cuidado e que, apesar das discussões, o vínculo de afeto é forte, sendo observada a necessidade de incluir mais conversas no dia a dia. Conclusão: Compreende-se a importância de intervenções junto ao paciente e a família, para minimizar os efeitos da doença em seu relacionamento. Além disso, é fato que idosos portadores de TAB frequentemente tenham diferentes necessidades de tratamento em comparação com indivíduos jovens

Objective: Analyze the systematization of nursing care (SNC) provided to an elderly woman with bipolar affective disorder (BAD), having the precepts of Orem's Self-Care Theory as a basis. Methods: During home care, one conducted ten home visits to patients, in order to prepare a care plan directly involving the family. In this context, one evaluated the family and the patient, through the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM), and care procedures were plannedusing SNC. Results: One found out that the patient understands the importance of her family for her care and that, although there're discussions, the affection bond is strong, and one observes the need for including more conversationsin daily life. Conclusion: One understands the importance of interventions along with the patient and the family, in order to minimize the effects of disease in their relationships. Besides, it's a fact that elderly people with BAD oftenhave different treatment needs when compared to young individuals

Objetivo: Analizar la sistematización de la asistencia de enfermería (SAE) ofrecida a una anciana con trastorno afectivo bipolar (TAB), se norteando por los preceptos de la Teoría del Autocuidado de Orem. Métodos: Durante la atención domiciliaria se realizaron diez visitas domiciliarias a la paciente, para preparar un plan de atención envolviendo directamente a la familia. En ese contexto, fueron analizadas la familia y la paciente, por medio del Modelo Calgary de Evaluación Familiar (MCEF), y fueron diseñados cuidados utilizando la SAE. Resultados: Se constató que la paciente comprende la importancia de su familia para su cuidado y que, a pesar de las discusiones, el vínculo de afecto es fuerte, y se observó la necesidad de incluir más conversaciones en el día a día. Conclusión: Se comprende la importancia de intervenciones con el paciente y la familia, para minimizar los efectos de la enfermedad en su relación. Además, es un hecho que los ancianos con TAB a menudo tengan diferentes necesidades de tratamiento en comparación con los individuos jóvenes

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This study identified the barriers faced by people with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) regarding the need for continuous medication. The qualitative approach was used, and the methodological framework was based on the Grounded Theory in the light of Symbolic Interactionism. In total, of 14 people with BAD, who were being attended at the Outpatient Unit for Mood Disorders of a university hospital, and 14 relatives indicated by them participated in the study. The data collection was carried out through interviews and observation. Two categories emerged from the results, describing the barriers faced by people with BAD: to have affective and cognitive losses and to have several limitations. People with BAD feel ambivalent regarding medication adherence, as they perceive that, no matter the direction they take, it will lead to a context of prejudice, losses and limitations in various spheres of daily life.

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This paper is report of an experience, while graduation student during the Psychiatric Nursing Discipline, where I accompanied a patient carrier of Bipolar Disorder of fasting changing. The nurse-patient interaction is very important because it is through a good relationship that we a trust entail, capable to help the patient in the two different phases, with plans of individualized cares. I comment the depressives and maniacs behaviors of the patient in this study and the therapeutic techniques used in each phase. My feelings during the interaction were analyzed front to the behaviors presented by the patient.

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