RESUMO
PURPOSE: The present study investigated osteointegration of autogenous bone (AB) from calvaria graft associated with osteoblastic cells (OC) in bone defects in rats subjected to daily administration of caffeine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male rats received daily intraperitoneal injection of 1.5% caffeine (0.2 mL/100 g body weight) or saline solution for 30 days. Then they were anesthetized, submitted to the extraction of the upper right incisor, and implanted with AB only and AB + OC. The animals were killed on 7th, 21st, and 42nd days after surgery, and their maxilla were processed for obtaining semiserial sections (5 µm) stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Through image analysis system, the bone volume and the quality of graft in adjacent areas were estimated. RESULTS: The results showed that in caffeine treatment, the AB + OC graft showed no foreign body and acute inflammatory reactions inside the defect when compared to AB. The histometric results revealed that the association AB + OC produced significant increase (10%-15%) in bone volume in later experimental period (42 days) when compared with saline solution group (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the association of AB from calvaria + OC demonstrated progressive osteointegration and accelerated the repair of bone defects in animals treated with daily caffeine.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Cafeína/farmacologia , Osseointegração/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoblastos/transplante , Antagonistas de Receptores Purinérgicos P1/farmacologia , Processo Alveolar/efeitos dos fármacos , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Matriz Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Matriz Óssea/patologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Reação a Corpo Estranho/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Maxila/cirurgia , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Osso Parietal/cirurgia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Cloreto de Sódio , Fatores de Tempo , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodosRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Although the search for the ideal bone substitute has been the focus of a large number of studies, autogenous bone is still the gold standard for the filling of defects caused by pathologies and traumas, and mainly, for alveolar ridge reconstruction, allowing the titanium implants installation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of autogenous bone graft incorporation process to surgically created defects in rat calvaria, using epifluorescence microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five adult male rats weighing 200-300 g were used. The animals received two 5-mm-diameter bone defects bilaterally in each parietal bone with a trephine bur under general anesthesia. Two groups of defects were formed: a control group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with blood clot, and a graft group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with autogenous bone block, removed from the contralateral defect. The fluorochromes calcein and alizarin were applied at the 7th and 30th postoperative days, respectively. The animals were killed at 35 days. RESULTS: The mineralization process was more intense in the graft group (32.09%) and occurred mainly between 7 and 30 days, the period labeled by calcein (24.66%). CONCLUSIONS: The fluorochromes showed to be appropriate to label mineralization areas. The interfacial areas between fluorochrome labels are important sources of information about the bone regeneration dynamics.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas/cirurgia , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Transplante Ósseo/fisiologia , Osso Parietal/cirurgia , Animais , Antraquinonas , Coagulação Sanguínea , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Calcificação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Fluoresceínas , Corantes Fluorescentes , Masculino , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate morbidity and possible complications in augmentation procedures before implant placement. METHODS: Records from 93 consecutive patients with indication for autogenous bone grafting before implant placement, treated at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology of Uberlândia Federal University, in a 7-year period (July 2000 until July 2007), were reviewed. The need for bone grafting was defined by the impossibility of installing implants of adequate length or diameter to fulfill prosthetic requirements or for aesthetic reasons. RESULTS: A total of 136 bone grafting procedures were performed. The mandibular external oblique line and ascending ramus were the most frequently used donor areas (59.64%) and block grafts (67.64%) were the most frequently used type of graft, frequently from the mandibular external oblique line/ascending ramus (52.18%). Platelet-rich plasma was used in 20.1% of all procedures, usually associated with particulate bone grafts. Maxillary procedures represented the majority of surgeries (75%), but with fewer complications compared with the mandible. Sinus mucosa perforation was the most frequent complication in maxillary procedures, whereas graft exposure was the most common complication in mandible. CONCLUSIONS: Alveolar reconstruction using autogenous bone followed by implant placement is a reliable treatment for patients with insufficient bone. Complications and morbidity were frequently observed. However, in only 6.6% of all procedures, the final rehabilitation with dental implants was not possible.
Assuntos
Aumento do Rebordo Alveolar/métodos , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Implantação Dentária Endóssea , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Implantes Dentários , Retenção em Prótese Dentária , Falha de Restauração Dentária , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Maxila/cirurgia , Seio Maxilar/cirurgia , Mucosa/lesões , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/efeitos adversos , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
Although the search for the ideal bone substitute has been the focus of a large number of studies, autogenous bone is still the gold standard for the filling of defects caused by pathologies and traumas, and mainly, for alveolar ridge reconstruction, allowing the titanium implants installation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of autogenous bone graft incorporation process to surgically created defects in rat calvaria, using epifluorescence microscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five adult male rats weighing 200-300 g were used. The animals received two 5-mm-diameter bone defects bilaterally in each parietal bone with a trephine bur under general anesthesia. Two groups of defects were formed: a control group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with blood clot, and a graft group (n=5), in which the defects were filled with autogenous bone block, removed from the contralateral defect. The fluorochromes calcein and alizarin were applied at the 7th and 30th postoperative days, respectively. The animals were killed at 35 days. RESULTS: The mineralization process was more intense in the graft group (32.09 percent) and occurred mainly between 7 and 30 days, the period labeled by calcein (24.66 percent). CONCLUSIONS: The fluorochromes showed to be appropriate to label mineralization areas. The interfacial areas between fluorochrome labels are important sources of information about the bone regeneration dynamics.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Doenças Ósseas/cirurgia , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Transplante Ósseo/fisiologia , Osso Parietal/cirurgia , Antraquinonas , Coagulação Sanguínea , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Calcificação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Fluoresceínas , Corantes Fluorescentes , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to analyze how healing occurs between onlay bone graft and the mandible cortex. STUDY DESIGN: Autologous and allogeneic corticocancellous bones, harvested from the ilium wing, were grafted at each mandible side of 40 rabbits. One side received platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Killings occurred at 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days. Tissues were stained by hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. New bone area was measured at different regions of sections stained with toluidine blue. Wilcoxon test was used to analyze differences among regions and Bonferroni test to analyze the influence of PRP, graft nature, and days. RESULTS: Osteogenesis was higher at the lateral region (P < .05). PRP tended to improve bone neoformation, which was higher at the allogeneic graft. Statistical significance among the different categories of variables-grafts, use of PRP, and days of observation-did not have a linear behavior. A linear behavior of statistical tests was not detected. Bone new formation increased until the 14th day (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Onlay grafts heal due to osteogenesis which occurs at the lateral region and between the cortex and host mandible. Allogeneic grafts and PRP tend to improve bone formation.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/fisiologia , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Animais , Matriz Óssea/patologia , Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Reabsorção Óssea/patologia , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Corantes , Ílio/cirurgia , Masculino , Mandíbula/patologia , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas/fisiologia , Coelhos , Fatores de Tempo , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos , Cloreto de Tolônio , Transplante Autólogo , Transplante Homólogo , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the area and volume of bone available for grafting in a donor retromolar region using computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients previously scanned by multislice CT were selected for evaluation. Images from partially and completely dentate patients at least 18 years of age were included in the study; those from patients with impacted or erupted third molars or intrabony lesions in the study area were not included. Computer software with appropriate tools was used to handle the images. Two calibrated observers made measurements separately. Safety margins in relation to the lingual cortex, the base of mandible, and the alveolar canal were established in each cross-section of the CTs. Measurements were done by using cross-sectional views, and the results were calculated after three-dimensional reconstruction, providing area and volume data. RESULTS: The mean area of bone available for grafting was 8.12 cm2 (range, 0.00 to 13.60 cm2) and 8.32 cm2 (range, 0.00 to 14.30 cm2) for observers 1 and 2, respectively. Mean available bone volume for grafting was 0.79 cm3 (range, 0.00 to 1.50 cm3) for observer 1 and 0.85 cm3 (range, 0.00 to 1.60 cm3) for observer 2. Interobserver analysis showed substantial agreement. CONCLUSION: The retromolar region showed a wide variety of anatomic differences among patients. Three-dimensional multislice CT allows reproducible measurements of the area and volume of the retromolar region.
Assuntos
Aumento do Rebordo Alveolar/métodos , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Processo Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Anatomia Transversal , Cefalometria/métodos , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Tamanho do Órgão , Projetos Piloto , SoftwareRESUMO
PURPOSE: Because of limitations of autogenous grafts, allografts, xenografts, alloplasts, and hydroxyapatite as graft materials, researchers have been using bone tissue engineering as a strategy for bone regeneration. The aim of this work was to study the effect of bone tissue engineering, associating bone marrow osteoblastic cells, and autogenous bone in defects created by dental extraction in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty male rats from 250 to 300 g were anesthetized, submitted to the extraction of the superior incisor, and divided in control group (C), implanted with osteoblastic cells (OC), autogenous bone (AB), and osteoblastic cells + autogenous bone (OC + AB). The animals were killed on 10th and 20th days after surgery and their maxilla were processed for obtaining fine semiserial sections (5 mum), and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Through image analysis system, bone volume in areas adjacent to the implants was estimated. RESULTS: The histometric results revealed that the association OC + AB produced significant increase (10%-15%) of bone in both experimental periods when compared with the control group (P < or = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Osteoblastic cells associated with autogenous bone accelerated the repair of bone defect, and the action of the osteoblastic cells was more effective until the 10th day and of the autogenous bone after this period.
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea/patologia , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Doenças Maxilares/cirurgia , Osteoblastos/transplante , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Animais , Matriz Óssea/patologia , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Tecido Conjuntivo/patologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Extração Dentária/efeitos adversos , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
Hypertelorism is a deformity characterized by an increase in interorbital distance. The treatment can be orbital mobilization, or if the malformation goes along with occlusal alterations, the indicated treatment is a facial bipartition with hemifacial rotation.The intention of the present study was to describe a surgical planning technique in locating the anatomic points and planes on a stereolithographic model of a patient with 0-14 fissure and its surgical application.
Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador , Hipertelorismo/cirurgia , Modelos Anatômicos , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Arco Dental/patologia , Osso Etmoide/cirurgia , Osso Frontal/patologia , Osso Frontal/cirurgia , Humanos , Hipertelorismo/classificação , Hipertelorismo/patologia , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Incisivo/patologia , Maxila/patologia , Maxila/cirurgia , Dente Molar/patologia , Osso Nasal/cirurgia , Septo Nasal/cirurgia , Órbita/patologia , Osteotomia , Palato/cirurgia , Osso Temporal/patologia , Dimensão VerticalRESUMO
PURPOSE: The present investigation clinically and histologically evaluated the use of fresh-frozen bone in the reconstruction of maxillary alveolar ridges to confirm the effective bone fill and support for the placement of dental implants. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients who had atrophic maxillary ridge necessitating bone block grafts prior to implant placement were submitted to maxillary reconstructions performed with human block grafts of tibia fresh-frozen chips. Nine months later the re-entry procedures were carried out and at this time a bone core was removed from the grafts for histological analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-four blocks were placed, and the number of blocks each patient received ranged from 1 to 4. During the re-entry procedures, all of the grafts were found to be firm in consistency, well-incorporated, and vascularized. A total of 51 implants were placed over the grafts with a minimum of 40-Newton torque in all cases. None of the implants were lost. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 35 months. The histological analysis revealed a living bone that showed features characteristic of mature and compact osseous tissue surrounded by marrow spaces. CONCLUSION: Bone allografts can be successful as graft material for the treatment of maxillary ridge defects. If adequate surgical techniques are adopted, this type of bone graft can be safely used in regions of implant placement as a suitable alternative to autogenous grafts.
Assuntos
Aumento do Rebordo Alveolar/métodos , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Criopreservação/métodos , Maxila/cirurgia , Adulto , Atrofia , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Reabsorção Óssea/cirurgia , Parafusos Ósseos , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Implantes Dentários , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças Maxilares/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Bone grafts are widely used in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction. The influence of electromagnetic fields and magnets on the endogenous stimulation of target tissues has been investigated. This work aimed to assess the quality of bone healing in surgical cavities filled with autogenous bone grafts, under the influence of a permanent magnetic field produced by in vivo buried devices. METHODS: Metal devices consisting of commercially pure martensitic stainless steel washers and titanium screws were employed. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 3 experimental and 3 control groups. A surgical bone cavity was produced on the right femur, and a bone graft was collected and placed in each hole. Two metallic washers, magnetized in the experimental group but not in the control group, were attached on the borders of the cavity. RESULTS: The animals were sacrificed on postoperative days 15, 45 and 60. The histological analysis of control and experimental samples showed adequate integration of the bone grafts, with intense bone neoformation. On days 45 and 60, a continued influence of the magnetic field on the surgical cavity and on the bone graft was observed in samples from the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The results showed intense bone neoformation in the experimental group as compared to control animals. The intense extra-cortical bone neoformation observed suggests that the osteoconductor condition of the graft may be more susceptible to stimulation, when submitted to a magnetic field.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Magnetoterapia , Cicatrização , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Morphological study comparing castor oil polyurethane and autogenous bone graft to repair bone defect in zygomatic bone of rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four adult, male New Zealand rabbits were randomly distributed between two groups of twelve. Bone defects of 5mm in diameter were cut through the zygomatic bone and filled with polyurethane discs in the experimental group or autogenous bone harvested from the tibia in the control group. Animals were sacrificed after 30, 60 or 90 days, and the zygomatic bones were macro- and microscopically analyzed. Student's, Fisher's, chi-squared and McNemar's tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Both the castor oil polyurethane and the autograft adapted well to the defect, with no need for fixation. Fibrous connective tissue encapsulated the polyurethane, but no inflammation or giant cell reaction was observed. Acidophilic and basophilic areas were observed inside the micropores of the polyurethane, suggesting cell nuclei. After 90 days, bone repair with a lamellar pattern of organization was observed in the control group. CONCLUSION: The castor oil polyurethane was biocompatible and did not cause inflammation. It may be considered an alternative to fill bone defects.
OBJETIVO: Estudo morfológico comparativo do implante de poliuretana de mamona e enxerto ósseo autógeno em defeito ósseo padrão em osso zigomático de coelhos. MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro coelhos Nova Zelândia, machos, adultos, foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de 12. Defeitos de 5mm de diâmetro, perenes, foram confeccionados em osso zigomático e preenchidos com discos pré-fabricados de poliuretana no grupo experimento ou osso autógeno extraído da tíbia no grupo controle. Os animais foram sacrificados após 30, 60 e 90 dias e as peças anatômicas foram avaliadas macro e microscopicamente. Foram utilizados os testes de Student, Fisher,qui-quadrado e McNemar para a análise estatística dos resultados. RESULTADOS: A poliuretana e o osso autógeno se adaptaram ao defeito sem necessidade de fixação. Houve formação de tecido conjuntivo fibroso envolvendo a poliuretana, sem reação inflamatória ou presença de células gigantes. Verificaram-se áreas acidófilas e basófilas nos poros do material implantado, sugestivas de núcleos celulares. No grupo controle, observou-se aos 90 dias o reparo ósseo de padrão lamelar clássico. CONCLUSÃO: A poliuretana de mamona foi biocompatível e não causou reação inflamatória deletéria. Pode ser uma alternativa para o preenchimento de defeitos ósseos.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Coelhos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Óleo de Rícino/uso terapêutico , Teste de Materiais , Poliuretanos/uso terapêutico , Zigoma/cirurgia , Peso Corporal , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Distribuição Aleatória , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante Autólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Tíbia/cirurgia , Zigoma/anormalidades , Zigoma/ultraestruturaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Morphological study comparing castor oil polyurethane and autogenous bone graft to repair bone defect in zygomatic bone of rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four adult, male New Zealand rabbits were randomly distributed between two groups of twelve. Bone defects of 5mm in diameter were cut through the zygomatic bone and filled with polyurethane discs in the experimental group or autogenous bone harvested from the tibia in the control group. Animals were sacrificed after 30, 60 or 90 days, and the zygomatic bones were macro- and microscopically analyzed. Student's, Fisher's, chi-squared and McNemar's tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Both the castor oil polyurethane and the autograft adapted well to the defect, with no need for fixation. Fibrous connective tissue encapsulated the polyurethane, but no inflammation or giant cell reaction was observed. Acidophilic and basophilic areas were observed inside the micropores of the polyurethane, suggesting cell nuclei. After 90 days, bone repair with a lamellar pattern of organization was observed in the control group. CONCLUSION: The castor oil polyurethane was biocompatible and did not cause inflammation. It may be considered an alternative to fill bone defects.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Óleo de Rícino/uso terapêutico , Poliuretanos/uso terapêutico , Zigoma/cirurgia , Animais , Peso Corporal , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , Teste de Materiais , Coelhos , Distribuição Aleatória , Tíbia/cirurgia , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante Autólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Zigoma/anormalidades , Zigoma/ultraestruturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to histologically evaluate the healing of surgically created Class II furcation defects treated using an autogenous bone (AB) graft with or without a calcium sulfate (CS) barrier. METHODS: The second, third, and fourth mandibular premolars (P2, P3, and P4) of six mongrel dogs were used in this study. Class II furcation defects (5 mm in height x 2 mm in depth) were surgically created and immediately treated. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups: group C (control), in which the defect was filled with blood clot; group AB, in which the defect was filled with AB graft; and group AB/CS, in which the defect was filled with AB graft and covered by a CS barrier. Flaps were repositioned to cover all defects. The animals were euthanized 90 days post-surgery. Mesio-distal serial sections were obtained and stained with either hematoxylin and eosin or Masson's trichrome. Histometric, using image-analysis software, and histologic analyses were performed. Linear and area measurements of periodontal healing were evaluated and calculated as a percentage of the original defect. Percentage data were transformed into arccosine for statistical analysis (analysis of variance; P <0.05). RESULTS: Periodontal regeneration in the three groups was similar. Regeneration of bone and connective tissue in the furcation defects was incomplete in most of the specimens. Statistically significant differences were not found in any of the evaluated parameters among the groups. CONCLUSION: Periodontal healing was similar using surgical debridement alone, AB graft, or AB graft with a CS barrier in the treatment of Class II furcation defects.
Assuntos
Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Sulfato de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Defeitos da Furca/cirurgia , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada Periodontal/métodos , Animais , Transplante Ósseo/efeitos adversos , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Cães , Masculino , Reabsorção da Raiz/etiologiaRESUMO
The ideal bone graft must present biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, resistance and plasticity. Xenogenic grafts of bovine cancellous bone origin are particularly interesting due to their biologically designed porous structure that enhance both cellular and vascular invasion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue response induced by bovine macrogranular porous anorganic bone implanted in rat subcutaneous tissue. Forty rats were assigned to 2 groups, as follows: the control group received empty collagen capsules and the test group received subcutaneous implants of the test material. Samples were collected after 10, 20, 30 and 60 days and processed histologically. Histological analysis showed at 10 days a granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, rich in multinucleated giant cells and free of lymphocytes or plasma cells, similarly to mineralized allograft implanted in rat subcutaneous. In later periods, there was a significant decrease in the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase in fibrosis around graft particles. In conclusion, the test material induced a foreign body-type granuloma with subsequent fibrosis around the graft particles implanted in rat subcutaneous and did not elicit any immune response, thus being considered biocompatible.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Tela Subcutânea/patologia , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Cápsulas , Bovinos , Fibroblastos/patologia , Fibrose , Células Gigantes/patologia , Tecido de Granulação/patologia , Granuloma de Corpo Estranho/patologia , Linfócitos/patologia , Macrófagos/patologia , Neovascularização Fisiológica/fisiologia , Neutrófilos/patologia , Porosidade , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Tela Subcutânea/cirurgia , Fatores de Tempo , Preservação de Tecido , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
The ideal bone graft must present biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, resistance and plasticity. Xenogenic grafts of bovine cancellous bone origin are particularly interesting due to their biologically designed porous structure that enhance both cellular and vascular invasion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue response induced by bovine macrogranular porous anorganic bone implanted in rat subcutaneous tissue. Forty rats were assigned to 2 groups, as follows: the control group received empty collagen capsules and the test group received subcutaneous implants of the test material. Samples were collected after 10, 20, 30 and 60 days and processed histologically. Histological analysis showed at 10 days a granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, rich in multinucleated giant cells and free of lymphocytes or plasma cells, similarly to mineralized allograft implanted in rat subcutaneous. In later periods, there was a significant decrease in the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase in fibrosis around graft particles. In conclusion, the test material induced a foreign body-type granuloma with subsequent fibrosis around the graft particles implanted in rat subcutaneous and did not elicit any immune response, thus being considered biocompatible.
O enxerto ósseo ideal deve possuir características como biocompatibilidade, capacidade osteocondutora, osteoindutora, resistência e plasticidade. Dentre os implantes xenogênicos de origem bovina, os produzidos com o osso esponjoso revestem-se de particular interesse devido a sua arquitetura constituída de poros biologicamente desenhados que favorecem a invasão celular e vascular até o centro do defeito. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta tecidual ao material de osso inorgânico medular bovino macrogranular. Quarenta ratos foram divididos em 2 grupos (n=20): o grupo controle recebeu cápsulas de colágeno vazias, e o grupo experimental recebeu implante subcutâneo do material teste. As amostras foram coletadas após 10, 20, 30 e 60 dias de implantação e processadas histotecnicamente. A análise histológica mostrou aos 10 dias pós-cirúrgicos que o infiltrado inflamatório era do tipo granulomatoso rico em células gigantes multinucleadas, mas livre de linfócitos ou plasmócitos, quadro similar ao observado para aloenxertos mineralizados implantados em subcutâneo de ratos. Com o avançar do tempo experimental houve significante diminuição do infiltrado inflamatório inicial concomitantemente ao aumento no grau de fibrosamento ao redor das partículas implantadas. Concluiu-se que o material de enxerto testado em tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo de ratos induziu um granuloma tipo corpo estranho e fibrose ao redor das partículas implantadas, resposta semelhante do mesmo tecido aos aloenxertos mineralizados, e não desencadeou nenhuma resposta imune, sendo portanto biocompatível.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Ratos , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Tela Subcutânea/patologia , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Cápsulas , Fibrose , Fibroblastos/patologia , Células Gigantes/patologia , Tecido de Granulação/patologia , Granuloma de Corpo Estranho/patologia , Linfócitos/patologia , Macrófagos/patologia , Neovascularização Fisiológica/fisiologia , Neutrófilos/patologia , Porosidade , Distribuição Aleatória , Tela Subcutânea/cirurgia , Fatores de Tempo , Preservação de Tecido , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
Los aloinjertos óseos en Cirugía Traumatológica y Ortopédica son cada vez más empleados en procedimientos que logran mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El Banco de Huesos del Hospital Alemán, habilitado por el I.N.C.U.C.A.I desde octubre de 2003, sigue normas de trabajo y calidad, nacionales e internacionales. Enel presente análisis se describe la forma de proceder en nuestro Banco para la localización del potencial donante, su selección, la procuración de una determinada pieza (cabeza femoral), el procesamiento de la misma, los controles anatomopatológicos, microbiológicos y el método de esterilización y almacenamiento
Assuntos
Humanos , Cabeça do Fêmur/microbiologia , Cabeça do Fêmur/transplante , Preservação de Tecido/métodos , Criopreservação , Esterilização/métodos , Transplante Homólogo , Transplante Ósseo/patologiaRESUMO
Los aloinjertos óseos en Cirugía Traumatológica y Ortopédica son cada vez más empleados en procedimientos que logran mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El Banco de Huesos del Hospital Alemán, habilitado por el I.N.C.U.C.A.I desde octubre de 2003, sigue normas de trabajo y calidad, nacionales e internacionales. Enel presente análisis se describe la forma de proceder en nuestro Banco para la localización del potencial donante, su selección, la procuración de una determinada pieza (cabeza femoral), el procesamiento de la misma, los controles anatomopatológicos, microbiológicos y el método de esterilización y almacenamiento
Assuntos
Humanos , Transplante Homólogo , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Criopreservação , Esterilização/métodos , Preservação de Tecido/métodos , Cabeça do Fêmur , Cabeça do Fêmur/microbiologiaRESUMO
This patient report presents an unusual onlay bone graft failure following local cocaine application. Three months after the bone grafting procedure performed in the anterior maxilla for bone volume augmentation, the bone graft was totally exposed in the oral cavity as a result of the rubbing of cocaine on the gingival tissue that covered the bone graft. A histologic view of the removed bone fragment presented not only an area of necrosis but also ample spaces filled with necrosis material and resorption areas. Dental practitioners need to be aware of this phenomenon because such patients often do not report the use of drugs, particularly cocaine.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína/complicações , Cocaína/efeitos adversos , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/efeitos dos fármacos , Maxila/cirurgia , Adulto , Aumento do Rebordo Alveolar , Reabsorção Óssea/induzido quimicamente , Seguimentos , Retração Gengival/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Incisivo , Arcada Parcialmente Edêntula/cirurgia , Masculino , Maxila/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteonecrose/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
Bone grafts are frequently used in the treatment of bone defects. Bone harvesting can cause postoperative complications and sometimes does not provide a sufficient quantity of bone. Therefore, synthetic biomaterials have been investigated as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repair of bone defects by autogenous cancellous bone grafts or porous bioceramic discs of hydroxyapatite/phosphate cement mixture. Two 5-mm diameter defects were made in the skulls of rats and filled with the bioceramic material or cancellous bone. The rats were sacrificed 2, 4, 8 and 24 weeks after surgery and tissue samples were analyzed by radiography and histology. By the 24th week, the defects filled with autogenous cancellous bone grafts or bioceramic material showed similar volumes of bone tissue within the defect. However, defects treated with bioceramic material were almost completely closed as a result of the joining of ceramic fragments and the neoformed bone tissue, while those filled with autogenous grafts showed several areas filled with connective tissue. These results indicated that the osteointegration of bioceramic fragments allowed the reconstruction of parietal bone defects without the need for a bone graft.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Doenças Ósseas/cirurgia , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo , Durapatita/uso terapêutico , Osso Parietal/cirurgia , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Cimentos Ósseos/química , Cimentos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Doenças Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Ósseas/patologia , Substitutos Ósseos/química , Transplante Ósseo/diagnóstico por imagem , Transplante Ósseo/patologia , Fosfatos de Cálcio/química , Fosfatos de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Tecido Conjuntivo/patologia , Durapatita/química , Masculino , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Osso Parietal/diagnóstico por imagem , Osso Parietal/patologia , Porosidade , Radiografia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante Autólogo , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
A major complication in 30% to 75% of cases of surgical treatment of alveolar cleft is resorption of the bone graft. A treatment alternative is the application of fibrin glue, which has the capacity to favor the integration of the graft. The main objective of the study was to evaluate if the use of the fibrin glue reduces bone resorption when it is applied locally. The authors designed a randomized clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1, fibrin glue; and group 2, control. Pre- and postoperative graft volume, bone density, bone quality (Lekholm and Zarb, and Norton and Gamble classifications), and postoperative complications were evaluated. The follow-up for all patients was 3 months after discharge. Twenty-seven patients were surgically treated, 13 in group 1 and 14 in group 2. Group 1 had increased graft volume compared with group 2 (64.32 cm v 21.70 cm; P < 0.0001). Bone density was higher in group 1 than in group 2 (396.57 v 245.68; P > 0.076). Bone quality was type 1, 2 and 3 and 4 in group 1. Resorption in group 2 was 62.26%; in group 1, it was 29.72% (P > 0.081). The observed complications were infection and dehiscence of sutures (P > 0.537). The authors conclude that the fibrin glue significantly diminishes bone resorption, allowing improved graft integration and quality.