RESUMO
The antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract (AGE) on cardiovascular functioning (CF) in metabolic syndrome (MS) remains poorly studied. Here we study the AGE effects on CF in a rat model of MS. Control rats plus saline solution (C + SS), MS rats (30% sucrose in drinking water from weaning) plus saline solution (MS + SS), control rats receiving AGE (C + AGE 125 mg/Kg/12 h) and MS rats with AGE (MS + AGE) were studied. MS + SS had increased triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, insulin, leptin, HOMA index, and advanced glycation end products. AGE returned their levels to control values (p < 0.01). Cholesterol was decreased by AGE (p = 0.05). Glutathion and GPx activity were reduced in MS + SS rats and increased with AGE (p = 0.05). Lipid peroxidation was increased in MS + SS and AGE reduced it (p = 0.001). Vascular functioning was deteriorated by MS (increased vasocontraction and reduced vasodilation) and AGE improved it (p = 0.001). Coronary vascular resistance was increased in MS rats and AGE decreased it (p = 0.001). Cardiac performance was not modified by MS but AGE increased it. NO measured in the perfusate liquid from the heart and serum citrulline, nitrites/nitrates were decreased in MS and AGE increased them (p < 0.01). In conclusion, AGE reduces MS-induced cardiovascular risk, through its anti-oxidant properties.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Alho/química , Testes de Função Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Síndrome Metabólica/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Colesterol/sangue , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
It has been demonstrated that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) associated with sodium hyaluronate (HY-CNTs) accelerate bone repair in the tooth sockets of rats. Before clinical application of HY-CNTs, it is important to assess their biocompatibility. Moreover, cardiac toxicity may be caused by the translocation of these particles to the blood stream. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible changes in cardiovascular function in male Wistar rats whose tooth sockets were treated with either CNTs or HY-CNTs (100 µg/mL, 0.1 mL). Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored in conscious rats 7 days after treatment. Cardiac function was evaluated using the Langendorff perfusion technique. The data showed no changes in blood pressure or heart rate in rats treated with either CNTs or HY-CNTs, and no significant changes in cardiac function were found in any of the groups. To confirm these findings, experiments were conducted in rats injected intraperitoneally with a high concentration of either CNTs or HY-CNTs (0.75 mg/kg). The same parameters were analyzed and similar results were observed. The results obtained 7 days following injection indicate that the administration of low concentrations of CNTs or HY-CNTs directly into tooth sockets did not cause any significant change in cardiovascular function in the rats. The present findings support the possibility of using these biocomposites in humans.
Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Hialurônico/toxicidade , Nanotubos de Carbono/toxicidade , Alvéolo Dental/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Cardiovasculares , Circulação Coronária/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Função Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Hialurônico/administração & dosagem , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Masculino , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Boca/cirurgia , Perfusão/métodos , Ratos Wistar , Análise Espectral , Termogravimetria , Extração Dentária , Alvéolo Dental/cirurgiaRESUMO
Stem cell therapy has been considered a promise for damaged myocardial tissue. We have previously shown that S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine (SNAP) increases the expression of several muscular markers and VEGF in mesenchymal stem cells, indicating that transplantation of SNAP-treated cells could provide better functional outcomes. Here, we transplanted SNAP-treated adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in rat infarcted myocardium. After 30days, we observed a significant improvement of the ejection fraction in rats that received SNAP-treated ADSCs, compared with those that received untreated cells (p=0.008). Immunohistochemical reactions showed an increased expression of troponin T-C and von Willebrand factor, and organized vascular units in the infarcted area of tissue transplanted with treated ADSCs. SNAP exposure induced intracellular S-nitrosation, a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio, but did not increase cGMP levels. Collectively, these results indicate that SNAP alters the redox environment of ADSCs, possibly associated with a pre-differentiation state, which may improve cardiac function after transplantation.