RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The percentage of older adults with hearing loss who stop using their hearing aids and the variables associated with this phenomenon have not been systematically investigated in South America. This problem is relevant to the region since countries such as Colombia, Brazil and Chile have public programmes that provide hearing aids to older adults. The aims of this study were to determine the percentage of older adults fitted with a hearing aid at a public hospital in Chile who subsequently stop using it and the auditory and socio-demographic variables associated with the hazard of discontinuing hearing aid use. METHODS: A group that included 355 older adults who had been fitted with a hearing aid was studied retrospectively. In a structured interview, participants were asked about socio-demographic variables and answered part of the Chilean National Survey on Health, evaluating self-perceived hearing loss and responding to questions about discontinuation of hearing aid use and their satisfaction with the device. Survival models were applied to determine the hazard of stopping hearing aid use in relation to the variables of interest. RESULTS: The rate of discontinuation of hearing aid use reached 21.7%. Older adults stopped using their hearing aids mainly during the first 5-6 months post-fitting, and then this number steadily increased. The income fifth quintile was 2.56 times less likely to stop using the hearing aid compared to the first. Those who self-reported that they could not hear correctly without the hearing aid were 2.62 times less likely to stop using it compared to those who reported normal hearing. The group that was very dissatisfied with the hearing aid was 20.86 times more likely to discontinue use than those who reported satisfaction with the device. CONCLUSIONS: Socio-demographic variables such as economic income and auditory factors such as self-perceived hearing loss and satisfaction with the device were significantly associated with the hazard of stopping hearing aid use. Self-perceived hearing loss should be considered part of the candidacy criteria for hearing aids in older adults in Chile and other (developing) countries.
Assuntos
Auxiliares de Audição/economia , Perda Auditiva/economia , Cooperação do Paciente , Saúde Pública/economia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Chile/epidemiologia , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/economia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/métodos , Auxiliares de Audição/tendências , Perda Auditiva/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva/psicologia , Testes Auditivos/economia , Testes Auditivos/tendências , Humanos , Masculino , Cooperação do Paciente/psicologia , Saúde Pública/tendências , Estudos Retrospectivos , AutorrelatoRESUMO
This article seeks to establish the coverage of neonatal hearing screening in Brazil between January 2008 and June 2015. It is an ecological study that uses the country, through the Urban Articulation Regions, as a base. To calculate the screening coverage percentage, the Live Births Information System, the Outpatient Information System and the Beneficiaries of the National Supplementary Health Agency Information System were used. An exploratory analysis of maps and spatial statistical analysis was conducted using TerraView 4.2.2 software. The coverage of neonatal hearing screening saw an increase of 9.3% to 37.2% during the study period. In 2008-2009 it was observed that the percentage of coverage ranged from 0% to 79.92%, but most areas received coverage from 0% to 20%, though in 2014-2015 coverage ranged from 0% to 171.77%, and there was a visible increase in the percentage of coverage in the country, mainly in the Southern Region. The screening coverage has increased over time, but is still low with an uneven distribution in the territory, which may be explained by local laws and policies and by the existence of different types of auditory health service in the country.
O objetivo deste artigo é conhecer a cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal no Brasil de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2015. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico que utiliza como base o território nacional, através das Regiões de Articulação Urbana. Para o cálculo da porcentagem da cobertura da triagem foram utilizados o Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos, o Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais e o Sistema de Informações de Beneficiários da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar. Foi realizada a análise exploratória dos mapas e a análise espacial estatística por meio do programa TerraView 4.2.2. A cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal apresentou uma evolução de 9,3 para 37,2 % no período estudado. Em 2008-2009 observa-se que a porcentagem da cobertura variou de 0,00 a 79,92% e a maioria das regiões obteve cobertura entre 0,0 e 20%, já em 2014-2015 a cobertura variou entre 0,0 a 171,77% e observou-se um visível aumento da porcentagem da cobertura no país, principalmente na Região do Sul. A cobertura da triagem tem crescido ao longo do tempo, mas ainda é baixa e apresenta uma distribuição desigual no território, o que pode ser explicado pelas leis e políticas locais e pela disposição das diferentes modalidades de serviço de saúde auditiva no país.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Audição/diagnóstico , Testes Auditivos/métodos , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , Brasil , Testes Auditivos/tendências , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Triagem Neonatal/tendências , Análise Espaço-TemporalRESUMO
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é conhecer a cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal no Brasil de janeiro de 2008 a junho de 2015. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico que utiliza como base o território nacional, através das Regiões de Articulação Urbana. Para o cálculo da porcentagem da cobertura da triagem foram utilizados o Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos, o Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais e o Sistema de Informações de Beneficiários da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar. Foi realizada a análise exploratória dos mapas e a análise espacial estatística por meio do programa TerraView 4.2.2. A cobertura da triagem auditiva neonatal apresentou uma evolução de 9,3 para 37,2 % no período estudado. Em 2008-2009 observa-se que a porcentagem da cobertura variou de 0,00 a 79,92% e a maioria das regiões obteve cobertura entre 0,0 e 20%, já em 2014-2015 a cobertura variou entre 0,0 a 171,77% e observou-se um visível aumento da porcentagem da cobertura no país, principalmente na Região do Sul. A cobertura da triagem tem crescido ao longo do tempo, mas ainda é baixa e apresenta uma distribuição desigual no território, o que pode ser explicado pelas leis e políticas locais e pela disposição das diferentes modalidades de serviço de saúde auditiva no país.
Abstract This article seeks to establish the coverage of neonatal hearing screening in Brazil between January 2008 and June 2015. It is an ecological study that uses the country, through the Urban Articulation Regions, as a base. To calculate the screening coverage percentage, the Live Births Information System, the Outpatient Information System and the Beneficiaries of the National Supplementary Health Agency Information System were used. An exploratory analysis of maps and spatial statistical analysis was conducted using TerraView 4.2.2 software. The coverage of neonatal hearing screening saw an increase of 9.3% to 37.2% during the study period. In 2008-2009 it was observed that the percentage of coverage ranged from 0% to 79.92%, but most areas received coverage from 0% to 20%, though in 2014-2015 coverage ranged from 0% to 171.77%, and there was a visible increase in the percentage of coverage in the country, mainly in the Southern Region. The screening coverage has increased over time, but is still low with an uneven distribution in the territory, which may be explained by local laws and policies and by the existence of different types of auditory health service in the country.