RESUMO
We report the complete coding sequences of mitochondrial thioredoxin (TsTrx2) and glutaredoxin (TsGrx1) from the cysticerci of T. solium. The full-length DNA of the TsTrx2 gene shows two introns of 88 and 77 bp and three exons. The TsTrx2 gene contains a single ORF of 423 bp, encoding 140 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular weight of 15,560 Da. A conserved C64NPC67 active site and a 30-amino acid extension at its N-terminus were identified. An insulin reduction reaction was used to determine whether it was a functional recombinant protein. The full-length DNA of the TsGrx1 gene shows one intron of 39 bp and a single ORF of 315 bp, encoding 105 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular weight of 12,582 Da. Sequence analysis revealed a conserved dithiol C34PYC37 active site, GSH-binding motifs (CXXC, Lys and Gln/Arg, TVP, and CXD), and a conserved Gly-Gly motif. The r-TsGrx1 kinetic constants for glutathione (GSH) and 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide (HED) were determined. In addition, cytosolic thioredoxin (TsTrx1), as reported by (Jiménez et al., Biomed Res Int 2015:453469, 2015), was cloned and expressed, and its catalytic constants were obtained along with those of the other two reductases. Rabbit-specific antibodies showed immune cross-reactions between TsTrx1 and TsTrx2 but not with TsGrx1. Both TsTGRs as reported by (Plancarte and Nava, Exp Parasitol 149:65-73, 2015) were biochemically purified to obtain and compare the catalytic constants for their natural substrates, r-TsTrx1, and r-TsTrx2, compared to those for Trx-S2E. coli. In addition, we determined the catalytic differences between the glutaredoxin activity of the TsTGRs compared with r-TsGrx1. These data increase the knowledge of the thioredoxin and GSH systems in T. solium, which is relevant for detoxification and immune evasion.
Assuntos
Citosol/metabolismo , Glutarredoxinas/genética , Glutarredoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Taenia solium/genética , Tiorredoxinas/genética , Tiorredoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Clonagem Molecular , Cysticercus/genética , Cysticercus/isolamento & purificação , Cysticercus/metabolismo , Citosol/química , Dissulfetos/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Etanol/análogos & derivados , Etanol/metabolismo , Glutarredoxinas/química , Glutarredoxinas/metabolismo , Glutationa/metabolismo , Cinética , Mitocôndrias/química , Mitocôndrias/genética , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Coelhos , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Tiorredoxinas/química , Tiorredoxinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Several studies have been performed to determine specific antigens for the diagnosis of tapeworms. One of these antigens is Tso31, which is used to differentiate Taenia solium and Taenia saginata in human feces. The aim of the present work was the molecular characterization of this protein in different tapeworm specimens collected in Peru: T. omisa (n = 6), T. hydatigena (n = 7), T. taeniaeformis (n = 4), T. pisiformes (n = 1), T. multiceps (n = 7), and T. solium (n = 10). Total DNA was extracted from each proglottid using a commercial DNA kit for tissue. A nested PCR was used to amplify a fragment of the previously described oncosphere-specific protein Tso31 gene. The nested PCR products were analyzed by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized after ethidium bromide staining. All nested PCR-positive products were sequenced and their sequences were compared. Of all the tapeworms analyzed, only T. solium and T. multiceps amplified the Tso31 gene. All sequences were identical for each species. Our T. solium Tso31 showed 100% similarity when compared with published GenBank sequences. The difference between T. solium and T. multiceps Tso31 samples was 8.1%. In conclusion, our results show that the tsol31 gene is not exclusive to T. solium.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Helmintos/genética , Taenia saginata/genética , Taenia solium/genética , Teníase/diagnóstico , Animais , Sequência de Bases , DNA , DNA de Helmintos/genética , Fezes/parasitologia , Humanos , Peru , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Taenia , Taenia saginata/metabolismo , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Teníase/parasitologiaRESUMO
The secretome refers to all the Excreted/Secreted (ES) proteins of a cell, and these are involved in critical biological processes, such as cell-cell communication, and host immune responses. Recently, we introduced the Abundance of Antigenic Aegions (AAR) value to assess the protein antigenic density and to evaluate the antigenic potential of secretomes. Here, to facilitate the AAR calculation, we implemented it as a user-friendly webserver. We extended the webserver capabilities implementing a sequence-based tool for searching homologous proteins across secretomes, including experimental and predicted secretomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Taenia solium. Additionally, twelve secretomes of helminths, five of Mycobacterium and two of Gram-negative bacteria are also available. Our webserver is a useful tool for researchers working on immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology, aiming at discovering candidate proteins for new vaccines or diagnostic tests, and it can be used to prioritize the experimental analysis of proteins for druggability assays. The Secret-AAR web server is available at http://microbiomics.ibt.unam.mx/tools/aar/.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Helminto/imunologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Software , Taenia solium/imunologia , Animais , Internet , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolismo , Proteoma/análise , Proteoma/imunologia , Taenia solium/metabolismoAssuntos
Inflamação/parasitologia , Neurocisticercose/parasitologia , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Corticosteroides/metabolismo , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Encéfalo , Quimioterapia Combinada , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/parasitologia , Humanos , Inflamação/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Neurocisticercose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Neurocisticercose/tratamento farmacológico , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Medicina de Precisão/métodos , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Suínos/parasitologia , Taenia solium/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The taeniasis/cysticercosis complex is a zoonosis caused by the presence of the parasite Taenia solium in humans. It is considered a neglected disease that causes serious public health and economic problems in developing countries. In humans, the most common locations for the larval form are the skeletal muscles, ocular system, and the central nervous system, which is the most clinically important. Several glycoproteins of T. solium and Taenia crassiceps cysticerci have been characterized and studied for their use in the immunodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis and/or the development of synthetic or recombinant vaccines against cysticercosis. The aim of this study was to perform a gel-free shotgun proteomic analysis to identify saline vesicular extract (SVE) proteins of T. solium and T. crassiceps cysticerci. After solubilization of the SVE with and without surfactant reagent and in-solution digestion, the proteins were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Use of a surfactant resulted in a significantly higher number of proteins that were able to be identified by LC-MS/MS. Novel proteins were identified in T. solium and T. crassiceps SVE. The qualitative analysis revealed a total of 79 proteins in the Taenia species: 29 in T. solium alone, 11 in T. crassiceps alone, and 39 in both. These results are an important contribution to support future investigations and for establishing a Taenia proteomic profile to study candidate biomarkers involved in the diagnosis or pathogenesis of neurocysticercosis.
Assuntos
Extratos Celulares/análise , Cysticercus/metabolismo , Proteoma/análise , Proteínas de Protozoários/análise , Proteínas de Protozoários/imunologia , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Animais , Antígenos de Helmintos , Sistema Nervoso Central/parasitologia , Cromatografia Líquida , Cysticercus/genética , Cysticercus/imunologia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Larva/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/parasitologia , Doenças Negligenciadas/parasitologia , Neurocisticercose/diagnóstico , Neurocisticercose/parasitologia , Proteômica , Saúde Pública , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/imunologia , Teníase/diagnóstico , Teníase/parasitologia , Zoonoses/parasitologiaRESUMO
Taeniids exhibit a great adaptive plasticity, which facilitates their establishment, growth, and reproduction in a hostile inflammatory microenvironment. Transforming Growth Factor-ß (TGFß), a highly pleiotropic cytokine, plays a critical role in vertebrate morphogenesis, cell differentiation, reproduction, and immune suppression. TGFß is secreted by host cells in sites lodging parasites. The role of TGFß in the outcome of T. solium and T. crassiceps cysticercosis is herein explored. Homologues of the TGFß family receptors (TsRI and TsRII) and several members of the TGFß downstream signal transduction pathway were found in T. solium genome, and the expression of Type-I and -II TGFß receptors was confirmed by RT-PCR. Antibodies against TGFß family receptors recognized cysticercal proteins of the expected molecular weight as determined by Western blot, and different structures in the parasite external tegument. In vitro, TGFß promoted the growth and reproduction of T. crassiceps cysticerci and the survival of T. solium cysticerci. High TGFß levels were found in cerebrospinal fluid from untreated neurocysticercotic patients who eventually failed to respond to the treatment (P = 0.03) pointing to the involvement of TGFß in parasite survival. These results indicate the relevance of TGFß in the infection outcome by promoting cysticercus growth and treatment resistance.
Assuntos
Cysticercus/imunologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita/imunologia , Neurocisticercose/imunologia , Taenia solium/imunologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/imunologia , Receptores de Ativinas/genética , Receptores de Ativinas/imunologia , Receptores de Ativinas/metabolismo , Animais , Antígenos de Helmintos/genética , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Antígenos de Helmintos/metabolismo , Antiparasitários/farmacologia , Antiparasitários/uso terapêutico , Cysticercus/genética , Cysticercus/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Resistência a Medicamentos/imunologia , Genoma Helmíntico/imunologia , Proteínas de Helminto/genética , Proteínas de Helminto/imunologia , Proteínas de Helminto/metabolismo , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Neurocisticercose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Neurocisticercose/tratamento farmacológico , Neurocisticercose/parasitologia , Transdução de Sinais/imunologia , Suínos , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismoRESUMO
Cysticercosis is a disease caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium cestodes that belongs to the family Taeniidae that affects a number of hosts including humans. Taeniids tapeworms are hermaphroditic organisms that have reproductive units called proglottids that gradually mature to develop testis and ovaries. Cysticerci, the larval stage of these parasites synthesize steroids. To our knowledge there is no information about the capacity of T. solium tapeworms to metabolize progesterone or other precursors to steroid hormones. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate if T. solium tapeworms were able to transform steroid precursors to corticosteroids and sex steroids. T. solium tapeworms were recovered from the intestine of golden hamsters that had been orally infected with cysticerci. The worms were cultured in the presence of tritiated progesterone or androstenedione. At the end of the experiments the culture media were analyzed by thin layer chromatography. The experiments described here showed that small amounts of testosterone were synthesized from (3)H-progesterone by complete or segmented tapeworms whereas the incubation of segmented tapeworms with (3)H-androstenedione, instead of (3)H-progesterone, improved their capacity to synthesize testosterone. In addition, the incubation of the parasites with (3)H-progesterone yielded corticosteroids, mainly deoxicorticosterone (DOC) and 11-deoxicortisol. In summary, the results described here, demonstrate that T. solium tapeworms synthesize corticosteroid and sex steroid like metabolites. The capacity of T. solium tapeworms to synthesize steroid hormones may contribute to the physiological functions of the parasite and also to their interaction with the host.
Assuntos
Corticosteroides/biossíntese , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/biossíntese , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Androstenodiona/biossíntese , Animais , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Cricetinae , Humanos , Progesterona/metabolismo , Testosterona/biossíntese , Trítio/metabolismoRESUMO
This study examines the carbohydrate composition of Taenia solium whole oncosphere antigens (WOAs), in order to improve the understanding of the antigenicity of the T. solium. Better knowledge of oncosphere antigens is crucial to accurately diagnose previous exposure to T. solium eggs and thus predict the development of neurocysticercosis. A set of seven lectins conjugates with wide carbohydrate specificity were used on parasite fixations and somatic extracts. Lectin fluorescence revealed that D-mannose, D-glucose, D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues were the most abundant constituents of carbohydrate chains on the surface of T. solium oncosphere. Lectin blotting showed that posttranslational modification with N-glycosylation was abundant while little evidence of O-linked carbohydrates was observed. Chemical oxidation and enzymatic deglycosylation in situ were performed to investigate the immunoreactivity of the carbohydrate moieties. Linearizing or removing the carbohydrate moieties from the protein backbones did not diminish the immunoreactivity of these antigens, suggesting that a substantial part of the host immune response against T. solium oncosphere is directed against the peptide epitopes on the parasite antigens. Finally, using carbohydrate probes, we demonstrated for the first time that the presence of several lectins on the surface of the oncosphere was specific to carbohydrates found in intestinal mucus, suggesting a possible role in initial attachment of the parasite to host cells.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Carboidratos/química , Proteínas de Helminto/química , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/imunologia , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Antígenos de Helmintos/química , Antígenos de Helmintos/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Proteínas de Helminto/genética , Proteínas de Helminto/metabolismo , Lectinas , Suínos , Taenia solium/genéticaRESUMO
The fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) comprise a family of proteins that are widely expressed in animal cells and perform a variety of vital functions. Here, we report the identification, characterization, recombinant expression, tissue localization and protective potential of a Taenia solium FABP (TsFABP1). The TsFABP1 primary structure showed all the conserved residues characteristic of the subfamily iv of the intracellular Lipid-Binding Proteins (iLBPs), including those involved in the binding stabilization of the fatty acid molecule. Through a competitive binding assay we found that TsFABP1 is able to bind at least six different fatty acids with preference toward palmitic and stearic acid, suggesting that TsFABP1 is a member of the iLBP subfamily iv. Immunolocalization assays carried out on larval and adult tissues of four species of taeniids using anti-TsFABP1 hyperimmune sera produced in mice and rabbit, showed intense labeling in the tegument of the spiral canal and in subtegumental cytons of the larvae. These findings suggest that the spiral canal might be a major place for FA uptake in the developing scolex. In contrast, only subtegumental cytons in the adult worms stained positive. We propose that TsFABP1 is involved in the mechanism to mobilize fatty acids between compartments in the extensive syncytial tissue of taeniids. Protection assays carried out in a murine model of cysticercosis showed that subcutaneous immunization with TsFABP1 resulted in about 45% reduction of parasite load against an intraperitoneal challenge with Taenia crassiceps cysts. This reduction in parasite load correlated with the level of cellular and humoral immune responses against TsFABP1, as determined in spleen lymphocyte proliferation and ELISA testing.
Assuntos
Cisticercose/parasitologia , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/metabolismo , Proteínas de Helminto/metabolismo , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Cisticercose/imunologia , Cisticercose/prevenção & controle , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/imunologia , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Feminino , Ordem dos Genes , Genoma Helmíntico , Proteínas de Helminto/genética , Proteínas de Helminto/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Humoral , Imunização , Camundongos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Ligação Proteica , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Alinhamento de Sequência , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/imunologiaRESUMO
Paramyosin of the pig-human parasite Taenia solium (TPmy) is a α-helical protein located on the worm surface that is suggested to fulfill an immunomodulatory role protecting the parasite against host immune system. Besides, in challenging experiments the protein shows a vaccine potential. These observations imply that TPmy harbors antigenic determinants for each of these contrasting actions. However the suggestion was not given a support from experimental data because respective epitopes have not been described thus far. To circumvent this difficulty, we use synthetic peptides with sequences of regions composed of α-helical or linear structure to induce rabbit antibody responses for phage-display mapping of epitope core amino-acid sets. Antibodies to α-helical regions were weak binders and M13 phage-displayed peptides selected by them from two different libraries exhibited no amino-acid similarities with the original protein site. In contrast, the antibodies produced in response to non-helical segment within α-helical structure were better binders and selectors of perfect structural mimics of the protein site. This first phage display epitope analysis of TPmy supports the notion that the rod-like α-helix, which encompasses over 90% of the total amino acids, may serve as an immunomodulatory shield that protects the parasite. Further, the seven non-helical segments of the TPmy molecule may represent the only anti-parasite discrete immunogenic epitopes whose representative mimotopes can be utilized in development of pure epitope vaccines.
Assuntos
Epitopos/imunologia , Peptídeos/imunologia , Taenia solium/imunologia , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Tropomiosina/imunologia , Animais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Mapeamento de Epitopos , Epitopos/química , Biblioteca de Peptídeos , Peptídeos/síntese química , Peptídeos/química , Estrutura Secundária de Proteína , Suínos , Tropomiosina/químicaRESUMO
Neurocysticercosis is an endemic parasitic disease caused by Taenia solium larva. Although the mechanism of infection is not completely understood, it is likely driven by proteolytic activity that degrades the intestinal wall to facilitate oncosphere penetration and further infection. We analyzed the publicly available T. solium EST/DNA library and identified two contigs comprising a full-length cDNA fragment very similar to Echinococcus granulosus Ag5 protein. The T. solium cDNA sequence included a proteolytic trypsin-like-domain in the C-terminal region, and a thrombospondin type-1 adherence-domain in the N-terminal region. Both the trypsin-like and adherence domains were expressed independently as recombinant proteins in bacterial systems. TsAg5 showed marginal trypsin-like activity and high sequence similarity to Ag5. The purified antigens were tested in a Western immunoblot assay to diagnose human neurocysticercosis. The sensitivity of the trypsin-like-domain was 96.36% in patients infected with extraparenchymal cysts, 75.44% in patients infected with multiple cysts, and 39.62% in patients with a single cyst. Specificity was 76.70%. The thrombospondin type-1 adherence-domain was not specific for neurocysticercosis.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Helmintos , Cysticercus/metabolismo , Proteínas de Helminto , Neurocisticercose/diagnóstico , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Teníase/diagnóstico , Tripsina , Animais , Antígenos de Helmintos/química , Antígenos de Helmintos/genética , Antígenos de Helmintos/metabolismo , Cysticercus/química , Cysticercus/genética , Cysticercus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Proteínas de Helminto/química , Proteínas de Helminto/genética , Proteínas de Helminto/metabolismo , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Neurocisticercose/parasitologia , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Suínos , Taenia solium/química , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Teníase/parasitologia , Tripsina/química , Tripsina/genética , Tripsina/metabolismoRESUMO
In order to explore how molecules are linked to the membrane surface in larval Taenia solium, whole cysticerci were incubated in the presence of phospholipase C from Clostridium perfringens (PLC). Released material was collected and analyzed in polyacrylamide gels with sodium dodecyl sulfate. Two major bands with apparent molecular weights of 180 and 43 kDa were observed. Western blot of released material and localization assays in cysticerci tissue sections using antibodies against five known surface glycoproteins of T. solium cysticerci indicated that only one, previously called GP1, was released. Similar localization studies using the lectins wheat-germ-agglutinin and Concanavalin A showed that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic, sialic acid, alphamethyl-D-mannoside, D-manose/glucose, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues are abundantly present on the surface. On the other hand, we find that treatment with PLC releases molecules from the surface; they do not reveal Cross Reacting Determinant (CRD), suggesting a novel anchor to the membrane for the glycoprotein GP1.
Assuntos
Clostridium perfringens/enzimologia , Cysticercus/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Fosfolipases Tipo C/metabolismo , Animais , Western Blotting , Cysticercus/citologia , Cysticercus/ultraestrutura , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Histocitoquímica , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/química , Microscopia Eletrônica , Músculo Esquelético/parasitologia , SuínosRESUMO
Hormones play a significant role in murine Taenia crassiceps cysticercosis, and they may also participate in the susceptibility to Taenia solium cysticercosis. In the present study, in vitro effects are reported for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the larval stages of T. crassiceps (WFU strain) and T. solium. Our results reveal the presence of receptors for hCG in different developmental phases of both cultured parasites. On day 30, both taeniid species had the highest percentage of receptors in the neck, strobila, and suckers, but these receptors decreased by day 60, delimiting the segments and the exterior of the developing proglottids in T. solium. At the same time, there was a large number of hCG receptors in the area of the presumptive cirrus organ and in calcareous corpuscles within the parenchyma. This is the first report detecting receptors for hCG on different larval stages of T. crassiceps and T. solium. A direct effect of hCG could be recognized by the cysticerci as a factor contributing to the growth and development of T. crassiceps and T. solium cysticerci, respectively.
Assuntos
Cysticercus/metabolismo , Receptores do LH/análise , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Animais , Gonadotropina Coriônica/metabolismo , Meios de Cultura , Cysticercus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Cavidade Peritoneal/parasitologia , Suínos , Taenia solium/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Identification, localization and partial biochemical characterization of actins expressed in the larval stage of the cestode parasite Taenia solium has been carried out. Frozen tissue sections of cysticerci, the larval stage of this parasite, were reacted with rhodamine-phalloidin, parasite actin was purified by polymerization in the presence of K(+), Mg(++) and ATP actin was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and immunoblotting of actin was performed in PVDF membranes and with commercial anti-actin monoclonal antibodies. Parasitic tissues showed different fibrous actin fluorescence patterns, which correlated with the expression of isoactins. Purified globular actin had a similar molecular mass to rabbit commercial actin (approximately 44 kDa). Actin was resolved into seven isoforms, indicating a family of actin genes.
Assuntos
Actinas/metabolismo , Taenia solium/metabolismo , Actinas/análise , Actinas/química , Animais , Isoformas de Proteínas/análise , Isoformas de Proteínas/química , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Suínos/parasitologia , Taenia solium/química , Taenia solium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
Formerly an endemic disorder, the frequency of neurocysticercosis (NCC) in Spain has been declining during recent decades until reaching its near extinction. However, the strong migratory flow during recent years towards large cities from countries where NCC is highly prevalent, particularly the Andean area of South America, has been followed by a growing increase ot this infestation among immigrants. Since NCC is commonly acquired by direct contamination from carriers of the tapeworm Taenia solium, there may be an emergence of NCC among Spanish-born population unless preventive measures are taken.
Assuntos
Emigração e Imigração , Neurocisticercose/epidemiologia , Humanos , Neurocisticercose/prevenção & controle , Saneamento , América do Sul , Espanha/epidemiologia , Taenia solium/metabolismoRESUMO
The detection of antibodies to Taenia solium metacestodes is very important in the differential diagnosis of neurocysticercosis (NCC). In this study, an electroimmunotransfer blot (EITB) assay that uses an elaborate protocol with metacestode glycoproteins as antigens was compared with two other Western blots that use glycoproteins obtained using simpler methods, including an eluate from a lectin column, or the vesicular fluid (VF) of the parasite. The concordance between the three assays was 91% in patients with active NCC and 100% in patients with suspected NCC and previous documentation of negative serology. The specificities for the Western blots and the EITB assay were 98% and 100%, respectively (98% concordance). These data suggest that the simplest of these immunoassays, the one that uses the VF of T. solium metacestodes in a Western blot format, can be reliably used for the serologic diagnosis of NCC in developing countries where access to the EITB assay is difficult.