RESUMO
Three ruthenium(II) phosphine/diimine/picolinate complexes were selected aimed at investigating anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines and the capacity of inhibiting the supercoiled DNA relaxation mediated by human topoisomerase IB (Top 1). The structure-lipophilicity relationship in membrane permeability using the Caco-2 cells have also been evaluated in this study. SCAR 5 was found to present 45 times more cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell when compared to cisplatin. SCAR 4 and 5 were both found to be capable of inhibiting the supercoiled DNA relaxation mediated by Top 1. Interaction studies showed that SCAR 4 and 5 can bind to DNA through electrostatic interactions while SCAR 6 is able to bind covalently to DNA. The complexes SCAR were found to interact differently with bovine serum albumin (BSA) suggesting hydrophobic interactions with albumin. The permeability of all complexes was seen to be dependent on their lipophilicity. SCAR 4 and 5 exhibited high membrane permeability (P app > 10 × 10-6 cm·s-1) in the presence of BSA. The complexes may pass through Caco-2 monolayer via passive diffusion mechanism and our results suggest that lipophilicity and interaction with BSA may influence the complexes permeation. In conclusion, we demonstrated that complexes have powerful pharmacological activity, with different results for each complex depending on the combination of their ligands.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , DNA Topoisomerases Tipo I/metabolismo , Compostos Organometálicos/farmacologia , Rutênio/farmacologia , Inibidores da Topoisomerase/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Topoisomerase/farmacologia , Administração Oral , Animais , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/química , Sítios de Ligação/efeitos dos fármacos , Bovinos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , DNA/antagonistas & inibidores , DNA/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Compostos Organometálicos/administração & dosagem , Compostos Organometálicos/síntese química , Compostos Organometálicos/química , Rutênio/administração & dosagem , Rutênio/química , Soroalbumina Bovina/antagonistas & inibidores , Soroalbumina Bovina/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Inibidores da Topoisomerase/síntese química , Inibidores da Topoisomerase/químicaRESUMO
[Cu(HL)Cl2] complexes of chalcone-derived thiosemicarbazones were obtained with 3-phenyl-1-pyridin-2-ylprop-2-en-1-one thiosemicarbazone (HPyCTPh), complex (1), 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-pyridin-2-ylprop-2-en-1-one thiosemicarbazone (HPyCT4ClPh), complex (2), 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-pyridin-2-ylprop-2-en-1-one thiosemicarbazone (HPyCT4BrPh), complex (3), and 3-(4-nitrophenyl-1-pyridin-2-ylprop-2-en-1-one thiosemicarbazone (HPyCT4NO2Ph), complex (4). 1-3 showed interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and deoxyribonucleic acid from calf thymus (CT-DNA). The cytotoxic activities of the thiosemicarbazones and complexes (1-4) were tested against HL60 (wild type human promyelocytic leukemia), Jurkat (human immortalized line of T lymphocyte), MDA-MB 231 (human breast carcinoma) and HCT-116 (human colorectal carcinoma) tumor cell lineages. Upon coordination to copper(II) cytotoxicity significantly increased in Jurkat, MDA-MB 231 and HCT-116 cells. Unlike the free thiosemicarbazones, 1-4 induced DNA fragmentation in solid tumor cells indicating their pro-apoptotic potential.