RESUMO
Access to assisted reproductive technology (ART) and fertility preservation remains restricted in middle and low income countries. We sought to review the status of ART and fertility preservation in Brazil, considering social indicators and legislative issues that may hinder the universal access to these services. Although the Brazilian Constitution expressly provides the right to health, and ordinary law ensures the state is obliged to support family planning, access to services related to ART and fertility preservation is neither easy nor egalitarian in Brazil. Only a handful of public hospitals provide free ART, and their capacity far from meets demand. Health insurance does not cover ART, and the cost of private care is unaffordable to most people. Brazilian law supports, but does not command, the state provision of ART and fertility preservation to guarantee the right to family planning; therefore, the availability of state-funded treatments is still scarce, reinforcing social disparities. Economic projections suggest that including ART in the Brazilian health system is affordable and may actually become profitable to the state in the long term, not to mention the ethical imperative of recognizing infertility as a disease, with no reason to be excluded from a health system that claims to be 'universal'.
Assuntos
Preservação da Fertilidade , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida , Brasil , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/economia , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/ética , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/legislação & jurisprudência , Feminino , Preservação da Fertilidade/ética , Preservação da Fertilidade/legislação & jurisprudência , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/ética , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/ética , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Infertilidade/economia , Infertilidade/epidemiologia , Infertilidade/terapia , Masculino , Gravidez , Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos/ética , Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos/legislação & jurisprudência , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida/economia , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida/ética , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
Translated from the Spanish (original title, Saber para decidir mejor) and reprinted from Revista Mujeres, July 12, 2018. Original available at: http://www.mujeres.co.cu/art.php?NzMwNg.
Assuntos
Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/ética , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Direitos Humanos , Adolescente , Tomada de Decisões , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/educação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , GravidezRESUMO
Sterilisation is the most desired method of contraception worldwide. In 1996, the Brazilian Congress approved a family planning law that legitimised female and male sterilisation, but forbade sterilisation during childbirth. As a result of this law, procedures currently occur in a clandestine nature upon payment. Despite the law, sterilisations continue to be performed during caesarean sections. The permanence of the method is an important consideration; therefore, information about other methods must be made available. Tubal sterilisation must not be the only choice. We argue that review of this restriction will not contribute to the increase in caesarean sections but will allow for greater sterilisation choice for men and women.
Assuntos
Comportamento de Escolha , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/ética , Esterilização Tubária/ética , Esterilização Tubária/métodos , Brasil , Cesárea/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Esterilização Tubária/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
Este artigo relata experiência relativa à necessidade da anuência dos pais ou responsáveis na inclusão de adolescentes em pesquisas envolvendo contracepção e abortamento. Eticamente uma adolescente pode receber orientação contraceptiva sem a obrigatoriedade da autorização dos pais ou responsáveis. Poderiam também, em princípio, responder questães confidenciais sobre a sua saúde como participante de uma pesquisa. A experiência relatada visa proporcionar melhor compreensão dos problemas envolvidos nas pesquisas nessa faixa etária, contribuindo para a discussão acerca das questães metodológicas e da problematização sobre regulamentação ética dos estudos realizados com adolescentes.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adolescente , Anticoncepção/ética , Anticoncepção , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido/ética , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/ética , Saúde do Adolescente , Autonomia Pessoal , PesquisaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics of females who admitted to having previously undergone induced abortion who were attended at Hospital Local del Norte in Bucaramanga from the viewpoint of distributive justice. METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of patients who consulted the Hospital Local del Norte's Emergency Gynaecology-Obstetrics Service in Bucaramanga between March 1/2008 and February 28/2009 who had a diagnosis of abortion in any of their presentations. RESULTS: The sample involved 93 patients, 16 of whom accepted that they had undergone an induced abortion. Factors associated with the event were belonging to a low socioeconomic stratum, lacking adequate health care and education in family planning, lack of a stable partner or that their relationship was dysfunctional and that the couple had pressured for an induced abortion for economic reasons or that their desire for parenting had already been satisfied. Contrasting these results with existing health legislation bioethics from a social justice in health viewpoint revealed that current legislation is deficient in both its coverage and extension to educational activity regarding sexual and reproductive health. CONCLUSIONS: Enabling patients to enjoy their sexuality responsibly and improving opportunities for access to better economic options may reduce induced abortions in the population living in Bucaramanga's northern commune.