RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Information about the chemical profile of soybean seed is valuable for breeding programs aimed at obtaining value-added products to meet the demands of niche markets. The objective of this study was to determine seed composition of non-transgenic soybean genotypes with specialty characters in different environments of Argentina. RESULTS: Protein and oil contents ranged from 396 to 424 g kg⻹ and from 210 to 226 g kg⻹, respectively. Oleic and linolenic acid ratio, the general indicator of oil quality, varied from 2.7 to 3.8. The oil contained high levels of total tocopherols (1429-1558 mg kg⻹) and the meal exhibited high levels of total isoflavones (2.91-4.62 mg g⻹). The biplot showed that oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, γ-, δ- and total tocopherols, genistin, malonyl daidzin and genistin, acetyl daidzin and glycitin and total isoflavones allowed the greatest discrimination among the genotypes studied. CONCLUSION: Different chemical profiles of each non-transgenic genotype analyzed were established and, therefore, their identity was defined. These results are important for breeders who intend to obtain new genotypes with improved meal and oil quality, as well as for processors and exporters, who could use them directly as raw material for soyfood processing for nutraceutical purposes.
Assuntos
Produtos Agrícolas/química , Suplementos Nutricionais , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Genótipo , Glycine max/química , Sementes/química , Regulação para Cima , Argentina , Clima , Produtos Agrícolas/genética , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Gorduras na Dieta/análise , Gorduras na Dieta/metabolismo , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Proteínas Alimentares/metabolismo , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Ácidos Graxos/biossíntese , Humanos , Isoflavonas/análise , Isoflavonas/biossíntese , Valor Nutritivo , Análise de Componente Principal , Estações do Ano , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes/análise , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes/biossíntese , Sementes/genética , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes/metabolismo , Óleo de Soja/análise , Óleo de Soja/biossíntese , Glycine max/genética , Glycine max/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glycine max/metabolismo , Tocoferóis/análise , Tocoferóis/metabolismoRESUMO
The expression in Escherichia coli strain Rosetta of the recombinant acidic subunit from the 11S amaranth seed storage protein (protein ACM3) was studied at flask and at bioreactor levels. This subunit was modified by inserting four Val-Tyr antihypertensive peptides in tandem into its third variable region and also with the tripeptide Ile-Pro-Pro in the Cterminal region. Flasks experiments allowed us to define the best conditions for the preparation and expression and accumulation of the protein ACM3, including the certainty of its presence within the cells especially as an insoluble fraction. The effects of cultivation temperature, aeration rate and agitation speed on the production of the protein ACM3 was tested in a 5-L batch bioreactor. Applying response surface methodology (RSM) we found that the aeration rate was the most significant factor affecting in a positively way the production yields and productivity of the recombinant protein. Temperature had effect only in conjunction to aeration. The highest recombinant acidic subunit concentration (747 mg L-1) and the highest productivity (186 mg L-1 h-1) were attained in 4 h of cultivation when the factors evaluated were controlled at its central values: 0.1 vvm, 300 rpm, and 30.5° C. Results from this study indicate that RSM is an effective technique to maximize the production of this recombinant protein.
Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Globulinas/biossíntese , Proteínas de Armazenamento de Sementes/biossíntese , Análise de Variância , Fermentação , Proteínas Recombinantes/biossíntese , Análise de Regressão , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Forty-five years ago, a paper published by Mertz et al. (Science 145:279-280, 1964) initiated a revolution in the history of plant protein quality and affected dramatically the study of cereal crop storage proteins. The observation of the high lysine content of the endosperm of the opaque-2 (o2) maize mutant was a key factor in bringing about a new concept in the production of cereal seeds with a high nutritional value. It has been a long and very interesting road with astonishing results over these 45 years. We are now probably about to see the release of commercially engineered high-lysine maize lines. We have decided to pinpoint some key contributions to the science behind high-lysine plants and concentrated on the research done on maize, which is possibly the most complete and simple example to illustrate the advances achieved. However, studies on other plant species such as barley and model species such as tobacco are totally relevant and will be briefly addressed.