RESUMO

Background: Pilomatricomas are neoplasms of hair follicles, located in the hair bulb, and the incidence is uncommon in the clinical-surgical clinical routine of dogs and cats. It commonly affects adult animals, with no predisposition to sex or race, and is mainly located in the neck, back, and tail region. The diagnosis is made by histopathological examination, where cells are observed in which their nucleus does not stain with hematoxylin and eosin - empty nucleus. The present work aimed to report a case of benign pilomatricoma since it is a rare condition in dogs and cats and, consequently, there is little information in the literature. Case: A 6-year-old male Shih-Tzu dog, not submitted to surgical contraception, weighing 6.9 kg, was treated at the Veterinary School Hospital (HVE) of the North Parana State University (UENP), Bandeirantes, PR, Brazil, with a history of nodules in the tail region, lasting 6 months. On physical examination, no changes were identified in the patient's physiological parameters. However, the presence of neoformations in the distal and medial region of the tail, similar to a nail, adherent, non-ulcerated and non-alopecic, and absence of pruritus or self-mutilation were identified. Vaccination and deworming were updated. Hematological examination, serum biochemicals (urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin), and abdominal ultrasound showed no changes. According to the clinical and laboratory signs, it was decided to perform an excisional biopsy, using a caudectomy, for subsequent histopathological examination. The specimens were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and sent for histopathological examination. Histological examination was compatible with benign pilomatricoma. Postoperatively, cephalexin, dipyrone, tramadol hydrochloride, and meloxicam were prescribed, surgical wound cleaning, and the use of an Elizabethan collar until the suture was removed. After 10 days of the surgical procedure, the patient was asked to remove the sutures, and no changes were identified regarding the physiological parameters and blood count. Discussion: Pilomatricomas are commonly benign neoplasms arising from the germ cells of the follicular matrix. They present dermal or subdermal forms, with several cystic structures which are surrounded by keratinocytes, similar to the matrix cells of an anagen hair follicle, more keratinized and firmer areas, corroborating the results of the present report. In the ultrasound examination, the presence of intra-abdominal metastases was not identified, which is consistent with the literature, since in this type of neoplasm it is not common to identify foci of intra-abdominal and thoracic metastases. In the present report, immunohistochemistry was not used, even though it is used to differentiate follicular neoplasms from pilomatricomas. However, histopathological examination is considered the best method for the definitive diagnosis of pilomatricomas in dogs. It was concluded that the surgical treatment through excisional biopsy, with safety margins of 2 cm, was effective as a therapeutic method in the case of benign pilomatricoma, and the definitive diagnosis must be made through histopathological examination.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Pilomatricomas are benign tumors originating from the capillary matrix, which may present as solitary lesions or, less commonly, multiple. Myotonic dystrophy and familial adenomatous polyposis are the most frequently associated disorders with multiple pilomatricomas. There are few reports relating these tumors to other genetic syndromes. Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by intellectual disability and typical dysmorphic characteristics. There are five case reports relating to multiple pilomatricoma to Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, an association that needs to be clarified. For this reason, we report the first case of multiple pilomatricoma in monozygotic twins with typical Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT A 45-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of a mass located in the caruncle of his right eye. An incisional biopsy had been performed one month prior by another specialist, and the histopathology report showed basal cell carcinoma. The mass was completely excised with a 2 mm safety margin, and the large conjunctival defect was reconstructed with one sheet of amniotic membrane allograft. A histological diagnosis of pilomatrix carcinoma was established. To prevent recurrence after surgery, we added bevacizumab (25 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL per drop) eye drops four times per day for three months. At the one-year follow-up, the patient showed no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis after initial excision and remains under close follow-up. Pilomatrix carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a caruncular mass.

RESUMO Um homem de 45 anos apresentou história de massa na carúncula no olho direito durante 3 meses. Uma biópsia incisional foi realizada 1 mês antes por outro especialista e o laudo histopatológico mostrava carcinoma basocelular. A massa foi completamente excisada, com uma margem de segurança de 2 mm, e a grande lesão conjuntival foi reconstruída com uma folha de aloenxerto de membrana amniótica. Foi estabelecido um diagnóstico histológico de carcinoma pilomatricial. Para evitar a recorrência após a cirurgia, adicionamos colírio de bevacizumabe (25 mg/mL, 1,25 mg/mL por gota) quatro vezes ao dia durante três meses. No seguimento de 1 ano, o paciente não apresentou evidência de recidiva local ou metástase distante após a excisão inicial e continua sob acompanhamento próximo. O carcinoma pilomatricial deve ser considerado no diagnóstico diferencial de uma massa caruncular.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A 45-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of a mass located in the caruncle of his right eye. An incisional biopsy had been performed one month prior by another specialist, and the histopathology report showed basal cell carcinoma. The mass was completely excised with a 2 mm safety margin, and the large conjunctival defect was reconstructed with one sheet of amniotic membrane allograft. A histological diagnosis of pilomatrix carcinoma was established. To prevent recurrence after surgery, we added bevacizumab (25 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL per drop) eye drops four times per day for three months. At the one-year follow-up, the patient showed no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis after initial excision and remains under close follow-up. Pilomatrix carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a caruncular mass.

Assuntos

RESUMO

El pilomatrixoma es un tumor anexial benigno, que muestra diferenciación hacia células matriciales y supramatriciales del folículo piloso. Es el segundo tumor benigno más frecuente en la población infantil luego del quiste epidérmico. Su presentación clínica habitual consiste en una lesión única, de consistencia firme y generalmente indolora.1 La variante anetodérmica o bulosa es poco frecuente, en general de rápido crecimiento y en ocasiones dolorosa.2 Se presenta a continuación un caso clínico de esta rara variante, por la importancia de conocer esta particular forma presentación.

A clinical case of bullous pilomatrixoma is present. Correspond to the second most frequent benign tumor in children, derived from the matrix cells of the hair follicle. It commonly presents as a single lesion, of firm consistency and mostly painless. The bullous variant corresponds to 2% of the presentations, the morphology is explained by the dilation of the lymphatic vessels and the consequent extravasation of lymph, as well as by the absence of elastic and collagen fibers. Treatment is the surgical excision of the lesion, and a biopsy specimen is necessary to establish a definitive diagnosis. Knowing this form of presentation allows us to pose it as a diagnostic option in clinical practice.

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

A pilomatrixoma is a benign skin tumor common in children, which develops from the matrix cells of hair follicles. It presents as a nodule or tumor of approximately 0.5-3 cm in size, with calcium-like consistency, faceted edges, and blue erythematous overlying skin. Sometimes, the skin may atrophy and look like a blister or even extrude calcium. Diagnosis is suspected based on the typical clinical presentation and supplementary imaging tests. The definite diagnosis is made according to histological findings. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice. Here we describe the epidemiological and clinical data, supplementary tests, and surgical techniques in relation to 149 pilomatrixomas resected in 137 patients treated at the Departments of Dermatology of two children's hospitals: Dr. Pedro de Elizalde and Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan.

El pilomatrixoma es un tumor benigno cutáneo, de frecuente aparición en los niños, que se origina en las células de la matriz del folículo piloso. Se presenta como un nódulo o tumor, aproximadamente, de 0,5 a 3 cm de tamaño, de consistencia cálcica, de bordes facetados, con piel suprayacente eritematoazulada. En ocasiones, la piel puede atrofiarse, dar la apariencia de una ampolla e, incluso, extruir material cálcico. El diagnóstico se sospecha por la presentación clínica característica y los estudios de imágenes complementarios. El diagnóstico definitivo es por los hallazgos histológicos. La extirpación quirúrgica es el tratamiento de elección. Se presentan los datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, estudios complementarios y técnicas quirúrgicas empleadas de 149 pilomatrixomas resecados en 137 pacientes tratados en los Servicios de Dermatología de los hospitales de pediatría Dr. Pedro de Elizalde y Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introducción: El pilomatrixoma es un tumor benigno que afecta fundamentalmente a pacientes femeninas menores de 10 años. Se manifiesta como una masa sólida y encapsulada, situada profundamente en la dermis inferior y recubierto de piel normal; puede medir entre 3 y 30 milímetros. Objetivo: Informar las manifestaciones clínicas de este tumor que permiten llegar al diagnóstico de un pilomatrixoma. Presentación del caso: Se presenta el caso de un adolescente de 12 años de edad, que acude a consulta de dermatología del Hospital Andino de Chimborazo, con manifestaciones clínicas que permiten hacer el diagnóstico de pilomatrixoma. Conclusiones: El pilomaxitroma es un raro tumor que, aunque afecta frecuentemente a niñas menores de 10 años, también puede presentarse en pacientes mayores del sexo masculino. El estudio anatomopatológico resulta vital para realizar el diagnóstico de la enfermedad y una vez realizado dicho diagnóstico la excéresis del tumor es el procedimiento más adecuado(AU)

Introduction: Pilomatrixomais a benign tumor that mainly affects female patients under 10 years old. It manifests as a solid and encapsulated mass, located deep in the lower dermis and covered with normal skin; it can measure between 3 and 30 mm. Objective: To present the clinical manifestations that allow to reach the diagnosis of a pilomatrixoma. Case presentation: It is presented the case of a 12-year-old male adolescent, who attended the dermatology clinic in the Andean Hospital of Chimborazo, with clinical manifestations that allow the diagnosis of pilomatrixoma. Conclusions: Pilomaxitroma is a rare tumor that, although it frequently affects girls under 10 years of age, can also occur in older male patients. The anatomopathological study is vital to make the diagnosis of the disease and once performed the same exceresis of the tumor is the most appropriate procedure(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Pilomatrixoma is considered a rare benign tumor arising from the hair follicle, most common in the head and neck region, but it is rarely diagnosed on a clinical basis. This report describes a new case of giant pilomatrixoma in a 36-year-old female patient. The nodule was localized in the preauricular area on the right side, appearing as a slow-growing, fixed, painless, with a hardened consistency, unusual giant (4.5 cm). A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination showed a slightly hyperdense lesion, and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) revealed peripheral blood and mononucleated inflammatory cells. After enucleation of lesion, a diagnosis of pilomatrixoma was confirmed. The differential diagnosis of pilomatrixoma is broad, because its characteristics also can be found in other lesions common to the head and neck. Thus, a lesion in the head and neck, adherent to the skin, and well demarcated, mainly in the young and in females, should be suspected as pilomatrixoma.

Assuntos

RESUMO

El pilomatrixoma es una neoplasia anexial benigna, que habitualmente se presenta como pápula o nódulo subcutáneo, de crecimiento lento y asintomático. Es más frecuente en niños. El diagnóstico se basa en hallazgos clínicos, y la ecografía es útil como examen complementario. El tratamiento es su resección quirúrgica. Se presenta un caso infrecuente de pilomatrixoma quístico con verruga vulgar intraquística en un paciente adulto.

Pilomatricoma is a benign adnexal tumor, usually presenting as a slow growing asymptomatic subcutaneous papule or nodule. It is more common in children. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings, and ultrasound is useful as a complementary workup tool. Its treatment is surgical excision. We present a rare case of a cystic pilomatricoma with an intracystic verruca vulgaris in an adult patient.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Um porquinho-da-índia ("Caviaporcellus"), fêmea, com 3 anos, foi atendido no HOVET apresentando um aumento e secreção mucosa na mama. O tratamento indicado foi a retirada cirúrgica do tumor, no preparo pré-operatório ele foi medicado com enrofloxacina (15 mg/kg, IM). Foi então anestesiado com medicação pré-anestésica de Tiletamina - zolazepan (50 mg/kg), para a indução foi utilizado máscara com isofluorano e na manutenção máscara com isofluorano. O paciente não apresentou sinais de necrose ou outras complicações pós-operatórias, e sua condição clínica manteve-se estável. A remoção dos pontos cirúrgicos se deu dez dias após o procedimento cirúrgico.(AU)

A guinea India ("Caviaporcellus"), female, 3 years was granted in HOVET featuring: increase and mucous secretion in the breast. The indicated treatment is surgical removal of the tumor, preoperative preparation it was treated with enrofloxacin (15 mg/kg, IM). It was then anesthetized with premedication Tiletamine of - zolazepam (50 mg/kg) was used for induction with isoflurane mask shade and maintenance with isoflurane. The patient had no signs of necrosis or other postoperative complications, and their clinical condition remained stable. The removal of stitches took ten days after the surgical procedure.(AU)

Un conejillo de India ("porcellus Cavia"), hembra, 3 años fue concedida en Hovet con: aumento y la secreción de moco en el pecho. El tratamiento indicado es la extirpación quirúrgica del tumor, la preparación preoperatoria se trató con enrofloxacina (15 mg/kg, IM). A continuación, se anestesió con premedicación Tiletamina de - zolazepam (50 mg/kg) se utilizó para la inducción con máscara de sombra isoflurano y el mantenimiento con isoflurano. El paciente no tenía signos de necrosis o de otras complicaciones postoperatorias, y su condición clínica se mantuvo estable. La eliminación de los puntos de sutura tomó diez dias después de la intervención quirúrgica.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Um porquinho-da-índia ("Caviaporcellus"), fêmea, com 3 anos, foi atendido no HOVET apresentando um aumento e secreção mucosa na mama. O tratamento indicado foi a retirada cirúrgica do tumor, no preparo pré-operatório ele foi medicado com enrofloxacina (15 mg/kg, IM). Foi então anestesiado com medicação pré-anestésica de Tiletamina - zolazepan (50 mg/kg), para a indução foi utilizado máscara com isofluorano e na manutenção máscara com isofluorano. O paciente não apresentou sinais de necrose ou outras complicações pós-operatórias, e sua condição clínica manteve-se estável. A remoção dos pontos cirúrgicos se deu dez dias após o procedimento cirúrgico.

A guinea India ("Caviaporcellus"), female, 3 years was granted in HOVET featuring: increase and mucous secretion in the breast. The indicated treatment is surgical removal of the tumor, preoperative preparation it was treated with enrofloxacin (15 mg/kg, IM). It was then anesthetized with premedication Tiletamine of - zolazepam (50 mg/kg) was used for induction with isoflurane mask shade and maintenance with isoflurane. The patient had no signs of necrosis or other postoperative complications, and their clinical condition remained stable. The removal of stitches took ten days after the surgical procedure.

Un conejillo de India ("porcellus Cavia"), hembra, 3 años fue concedida en Hovet con: aumento y la secreción de moco en el pecho. El tratamiento indicado es la extirpación quirúrgica del tumor, la preparación preoperatoria se trató con enrofloxacina (15 mg/kg, IM). A continuación, se anestesió con premedicación Tiletamina de - zolazepam (50 mg/kg) se utilizó para la inducción con máscara de sombra isoflurano y el mantenimiento con isoflurano. El paciente no tenía signos de necrosis o de otras complicaciones postoperatorias, y su condición clínica se mantuvo estable. La eliminación de los puntos de sutura tomó diez dias después de la intervención quirúrgica.

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

Pilomatricoma é uma neoplasia folicular benigna relativamente rara. Pode ocorrer em qualquer idade, mas menos de 13% dos casos acontecem em pessoas com mais de 50 anos, sendo mais comum em mulheres (1,5 a 2,5 mulheres:1 homem). A localização mais frequente é a região cervical, seguida das áreas frontais, periorbitárias e pré-auriculares (1). Clinicamente, apresenta-se como um tumor subcutâneo ou intradérmico, endurecido e de crescimento lento. O diagnóstico pré-cirúrgico é quase sempre difícil (3). O tratamento padrão é o cirúrgico, com margens de segurança amplas para minimizar o risco de recorrência nas variantes malignas (2,3). Relatamos um caso atípico e exuberante de múltiplos pilomatricomas em membros superiores em um paciente do sexo masculino de 55 anos (AU)

Pilomatricoma is a relatively rare benign follicular neoplasm. It can occur at any age, but less than 13% of cases occur in people over 50 years old, and it is more common in women (1.5 to 2.5 women: 1 man). The most frequent location is the cervical region, followed by the frontal, periorbital and pre-auricular areas (1). Clinically it presents as a hardened and slowly growing subcutaneous or intradermal tumor. Preoperative diagnosis is almost always difficult (3). The standard treatment is surgical, with wide safety margins to minimize the risk of recurrence in malignant variants (2,3). We report an atypical and exuberant case of multiple pilomatricomas in upper limbs in a 55-year-old male patient (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Pilomatrixoma is a rare benign tumor, which usually affects young women in the head and neck region. The eyelid is a common site of the disease, though it is very rare in the tarsal conjunctiva.The pilomatrixoma has clinical pleomorphism, which confuses this disease with other similar conditions. The diagnosis is made by pathological examination in most cases. The treatment is surgical, performed by total excision of the lesion with clear margins and recurrence is very uncommon.We present an unusual case of probable recurrent pilomatrixoma in the left upper tarsal conjunctiva.

RESUMO O pilomatricoma é uma neoplasia benigna rara, geralmente acomete mulheres jovens, ocorrendo na região da cabeça e pescoço. A pálpebra é um local comum de aparecimento do pilomatricoma, contudo, seu aparecimento na conjuntiva tarsal é muito raro. O diagnóstico é feito pelo exame anátomo-patológico na maioria dos casos, pois seu pleomorfismo clínico o confunde com outras alterações. O tratamento é cirúrgico, realizado por meio da exérese total da lesão com margens livres. São raros os casos de recidiva. Apresentamos um caso atípico de provável recidiva de pilomatricoma, localizado na conjuntiva tarsal superior à esquerda.

Assuntos

Assuntos

Assuntos

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

El Pilomatrixoma o epitelioma calcificado de Malherbe es un tumor benigno derivado de los folículos pilosos. Afecta con más frecuencia a niños y adultos jóvenes. Ellos son nódulos dérmicos o subcutáneos que se presentan normalmente en forma asintomática, solitarios, con una consistencia firme o dura y no adheridos a planos profundos. Reportamos un caso de una niña con un pilomatrixoma en la región preauricular.

Pilomatrixoma or calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe is a benign tumor derived from hair follicles. Frequently found in children and young adults. They are usually asymptomatic, solitary, firm or hard, freely mobile, dermal or subcutaneous nodules. We present a case of a girl with a pilomatrixoma in preauricular region.

Assuntos