RESUMO
Cardiovascular disease(CVD) remains the major cause of mortality in the world, typically claiming a third of all deaths. The primary cause of CVD is atherosclerosis. Therefore, timely prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis are able to reduce the risk of the development of its clinical manifestations. Anti-atherosclerotic activity of medicinal plants mainly appears in their multiple effects.This study was carried out to evaluate the hypolipidemic activity of virgin olive oil in experimentally induced hyperlipemic Wistar. A total of 24 rats were randomly allocated to 4 equal groups and treated as follows for 50 days: (1) Normal control (NC); that were fed with a standart diet; (2) High Cholesterol Diet Control (HCD); which received high cholesterol diet for 50 days; (3) Animals receiving high cholesterol diet for 50 days, after this period the animals are fed for eight days by the standard foodand receiving by gavage virgin olive oil (HCD+VOO) and(4) Animals fed for eight days with the standard food and receiving by gavage olive oil (VOO). High Cholesterol Diet containing yolk egg and coconut oil. Results showed that olive oil caused a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in serum levels of Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), LowDensity Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL) and Atherogenic Index Serum (AIS). The results also demonstrated a significant (p < 0.01) increase in HighDensity Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL). Moreover, virgin olive oil induced a significant reduction in liver lipid content. On the other hand, a High cholesterol diet induced oxidative stress was measured by estimating reduced glutathione level and amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formed as an index of lipid peroxidation in a liver and a heart. Virgin olive oil supplementation attenuated all these variations. Our observations of the study indicate that the virgin olive oil has a significant antihyperlipidemic potential.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Estresse Oxidativo/imunologia , Aterosclerose/dietoterapia , Dieta Hiperlipídica/métodos , Azeite de Oliva/farmacologia , Triglicerídeos/farmacologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Colesterol/farmacologia , Ratos Wistar/imunologia , Dieta Aterogênica/métodos , Glutationa/farmacologia , Hipercolesterolemia/imunologia , Lipoproteínas/imunologiaRESUMO
Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) causes an important cosmopolitan parasitosis of the nasal and sinusal cavities of sheep and goats called oestrosis. Our objective was to analyze the participation of erythrocytes in the antioxidant system in goats seropositive to O. ovis infection under field conditions. Fifty female goats naturally exposed to O. ovis infection from Baja California Sur, México, were blood-sampled. Erythrocytic intracellular content was obtained from blood plasma. Oestrosis serodiagnosis was determined by ELISA. Protein, hemoglobin (Hb), superoxide dismutase (SOD), mieloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes were determined in both seropositive and seronegative goats. Overall seroprevalence of O. ovis infection in goats was 56%. Positive significant (P<0.05) associations were observed among systemic IgG level and protein (0.34), hemoglobin (0.43), SOD (0.32), and MPO (0.41) in erythrocytes. Protein and hemoglobin concentrations, as well as SOD and MPO activities in erythrocytes were found significantly higher (P<0.05) in seropositive than in seronegative goats. By contrast, enzymatic activities of CAT and GST and lipid peroxidation values were similar in seropositive and seronegative groups. In conclusion, there was a systemic stimulation of Reactive Oxygen Species which was efficiently scavenged by erythrocytic antioxidant enzymes in goats seropositive to O. ovis infection.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Dípteros/imunologia , Eritrócitos/enzimologia , Doenças das Cabras/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Miíase/veterinária , Animais , Catalase/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Eritrócitos/imunologia , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Feminino , Glutationa Transferase/sangue , Doenças das Cabras/sangue , Doenças das Cabras/parasitologia , Cabras , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Insetos/imunologia , Larva/imunologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Miíase/sangue , Miíase/imunologia , Peroxidase/sangue , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Superóxido Dismutase/sangueRESUMO
Depression is frequently observed among patients with diabetes and depressive status has been associated to activation of inflammatory processes, suggesting a role of depression in the inflammatory events observed in diabetes. To test that proposal, it was studied the effect of depression induced by forced swimming test (FST) on the evolution of early diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Rats were submitted to FST for 15 days. Struggle time was determined during FST and motor activity previously to FST. Nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and catalase activity were measured in kidney homogenates by enzymatic and biochemical methods. Superoxide anion, monocyte/macrophage (ED-1 positive cells) and RAGE were determined by histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Diabetic rats had decreased struggle time and locomotor activity at day 1 of FST. Both control and diabetic rats had those parameters decreased at day 15. Renal oxidative stress, RAGE expression and ED-1 cells were observed increased in diabetic animals. Those parameters were not significantly altered by FST. The depressive status does not alter oxidative and immune parameters during the early renal changes of diabetic nephropathy.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/imunologia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/psicologia , Nefropatias Diabéticas/imunologia , Nefropatias Diabéticas/psicologia , Rim/imunologia , Animais , Citocinas/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patologia , Nefropatias Diabéticas/patologia , Imunofluorescência , Glutationa/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Masculino , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Monócitos/imunologia , Motivação , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Estresse Oxidativo/imunologia , Psiconeuroimunologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor para Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada , Receptores Imunológicos/metabolismo , Superóxidos/metabolismoRESUMO
In order to determine the effect of antibodies against electronegative low-density lipoprotein LDL(-) on atherogenesis, five groups of LDL low receptor-deficient (LDLr-/-) mice (6 per group) were immunized with the following antibodies (100 µg each): mouse anti-LDL(-) monoclonal IgG2b, rabbit anti-LDL(-) polyclonal IgG or its Fab fragments and mouse irrelevant monoclonal IgG and non-immunized controls. Antibodies were administered intravenously one week before starting the hypercholesterolemic diet (1.25 percent cholesterol) and then every week for 21 days. The passive immunization with anti-LDL(-) monoclonal IgG2b, polyclonal antibody and its derived Fab significantly reduced the cross-sectional area of atherosclerotic lesions at the aortic root of LDLr-/- mice (28.8 ± 9.7, 67.3 ± 17.02, 56.9 ± 8.02 µm² (mean ± SD), respectively) compared to control (124.9 ± 13.2 µm²). Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 protein expression, quantified by the KS300 image-analyzing software, on endothelium and the number of macrophages in the intima was also decreased in aortas of mice treated with anti-LDL(-) monoclonal antibody (3.5 ± 0.70 per field x 10) compared to controls (21.5 ± 3.5 per field x 10). Furthermore, immunization with the monoclonal antibody decreased the concentration of LDL(-) in blood plasma (immunized: 1.0 ± 1.4; control: 20.5 ± 3.5 RLU), the amount of cholesterol oxides in plasma (immunized: 4.7 ± 2.7; control: 15.0 ± 2.0 pg COx/mg cholesterol) and liver (immunized: 2.3 ± 1.5; control: 30.0 ± 26.0 pg COx/mg cholesterol), and the hepatic content of lipid hydroperoxides (immunized: 0.30 ± 0.020; control: 0.38 ± 0.15 ng/mg protein). In conclusion, antibodies against electronegative LDL administered intravenously may play a protective role in atherosclerosis.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Camundongos , Coelhos , Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Aterosclerose/terapia , Imunização Passiva/métodos , Imunoglobulina G/administração & dosagem , Lipoproteínas LDL/administração & dosagem , Receptores de LDL/imunologia , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Aterosclerose/imunologia , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica , Fragmentos Fab das Imunoglobulinas/administração & dosagem , Fragmentos Fab das Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Lipoproteínas LDL/imunologia , Receptores de LDL/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/imunologiaRESUMO
In order to determine the effect of antibodies against electronegative low-density lipoprotein LDL(-) on atherogenesis, five groups of LDL low receptor-deficient (LDLr-/-) mice (6 per group) were immunized with the following antibodies (100 microg each): mouse anti-LDL(-) monoclonal IgG2b, rabbit anti-LDL(-) polyclonal IgG or its Fab fragments and mouse irrelevant monoclonal IgG and non-immunized controls. Antibodies were administered intravenously one week before starting the hypercholesterolemic diet (1.25% cholesterol) and then every week for 21 days. The passive immunization with anti-LDL(-) monoclonal IgG2b, polyclonal antibody and its derived Fab significantly reduced the cross-sectional area of atherosclerotic lesions at the aortic root of LDLr-/- mice (28.8 +/- 9.7, 67.3 +/- 17.02, 56.9 +/- 8.02 microm(2) (mean +/- SD), respectively) compared to control (124.9 +/- 13.2 microm(2)). Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 protein expression, quantified by the KS300 image-analyzing software, on endothelium and the number of macrophages in the intima was also decreased in aortas of mice treated with anti-LDL(-) monoclonal antibody (3.5 +/- 0.70 per field x 10) compared to controls (21.5 +/- 3.5 per field x 10). Furthermore, immunization with the monoclonal antibody decreased the concentration of LDL(-) in blood plasma (immunized: 1.0 +/- 1.4; control: 20.5 +/- 3.5 RLU), the amount of cholesterol oxides in plasma (immunized: 4.7 +/- 2.7; control: 15.0 +/- 2.0 pg COx/mg cholesterol) and liver (immunized: 2.3 +/- 1.5; control: 30.0 +/- 26.0 pg COx/mg cholesterol), and the hepatic content of lipid hydroperoxides (immunized: 0.30 +/- 0.020; control: 0.38 +/- 0.15 ng/mg protein). In conclusion, antibodies against electronegative LDL administered intravenously may play a protective role in atherosclerosis.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Aterosclerose/terapia , Imunização Passiva/métodos , Imunoglobulina G/administração & dosagem , Lipoproteínas LDL/administração & dosagem , Receptores de LDL/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Aterosclerose/imunologia , Aterosclerose/metabolismo , Feminino , Fragmentos Fab das Imunoglobulinas/administração & dosagem , Fragmentos Fab das Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Lipoproteínas LDL/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Coelhos , Receptores de LDL/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/imunologiaRESUMO
AIM: To relate the presence of anti-Chlamydial trachomatis IgA in semen with sperm lipid membrane peroxidation and changes in seminal parameters. METHODS: Semen samples of the male partners of 52 couples assessed for undiagnosed infertility were examined for the presence of IgA antibody against C. trachomatis. The level of sperm membrane lipid peroxidation was estimated by determining the malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. RESULTS: Sperm membrane of infertile males with positive IgA antibodies against C. trachomatis showed a higher level of lipid peroxidation than that of infertile males with negative IgA antibody (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation (P<0.01) between the level of C. trachomatis antibody and the magnitude of sperm membrane lipid peroxidation. All the other tested semen parameters were found to be similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The activation of immune system by C. trachomatis may promote lipid peroxidation of the sperm membrane. This could be the way by which C. trachomatis affects fertility.
Assuntos
Infecções por Chlamydia/complicações , Chlamydia trachomatis , Infertilidade Masculina/metabolismo , Infertilidade Masculina/microbiologia , Espermatozoides/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/microbiologia , Infecções por Chlamydia/imunologia , Infecções por Chlamydia/metabolismo , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Infertilidade Masculina/imunologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Masculino , Fluidez de Membrana/imunologia , Espermatozoides/imunologiaRESUMO
O estresse oxidativo está relacionado ao Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) e é provável que o desequilíbrio entre a geraçäo de radicais livres e antioxidantes esteja envolvido com o agravamento do estado de saúde. Objetivo: Estudar a peroxidaçäo lipídica e componentes de defesa antioxidante no LES. Casuística e métodos: Foram estudados 54 pacientes com LES. separados em dois grupos: Grupo Doença Ativa (n=25) e Grupo Doença Inativa (n=29) e 12 controles. Para o Grupo Doença Ativa, dois subgrupos foram constituídos considerando o status do processo inflamatório: Agudo e Crônico. Foi analisada a oxidaçäo de lipídios [malondialdeído (MDA)]; de proteínas (grupo carbonila) e de DNA (Teste de SOD)...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Corticosteroides , Doenças Autoimunes , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/imunologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Estudo de Avaliação , Avaliação Nutricional , Manejo de EspécimesRESUMO
O estresse oxidativo está relacionado ao Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) e é provável que o desequilíbrio entre a geração de radicais livres e antioxidantes esteja envolvido com o agravamento do estado de saúde. Objetivo: Estudar a peroxidação lipídica e componentes de defesa antioxidante no LES. Casuística e métodos: Foram estudados 54 pacientes com LES, separados em dois grupos: Grupo Doença Ativa (n=25) e Grupo Doença Inativa (n=29) e 12 Controles. Para o Grupo Doença Ativa, dois subgrupos foram constituídos considerando o status do processo inflamatório: agudo e crônico. Foi analisada a oxidação de lipídios [malondialdeído (MDA)]; de proteínas (grupo carbonila) e de DNA (Teste do Cometa)...