RESUMO
Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of heparin, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and silver nanoparticles on prevention of postoperative adhesion in animal models. Methods: Sixty males Albino Wistar rats aged 5 to 6 weeks were classified into five groups receiving none, heparin, PRP, silver nanoparticles, PRP plus silver nanoparticles intraperitoneally. After 2 weeks, the animals underwent laparotomy and the damaged site was assessed for peritoneal adhesions severity. Results: The mean severity scores were 2.5 ± 0.9, 2.16 ± 0.7, 1.5 ± 0.5, 2.66 ± 0.88, and 2.25 ± 0.62 in the control, heparin, PRP, silver and PRP plus silver groups, respectively with significant intergroup difference (p = 0.004). The highest effective material for preventing adhesion formation was PRP followed by heparin and PRP plus silver. Moreover, compared to the controls, only use of PRP was significantly effective, in terms of adhesion severity (p = 0.01) . Conclusion: Platelet-rich plasma alone may have the highest efficacy for preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesions in comparison with heparin, silver nanoparticles and PRP plus silver nanoparticles.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Peritônio/cirurgia , Aderências Teciduais/terapiaRESUMO
Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of heparin, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and silver nanoparticles on prevention of postoperative adhesion in animal models. Methods: Sixty males Albino Wistar rats aged 5 to 6 weeks were classified into five groups receiving none, heparin, PRP, silver nanoparticles, PRP plus silver nanoparticles intraperitoneally. After 2 weeks, the animals underwent laparotomy and the damaged site was assessed for peritoneal adhesions severity. Results: The mean severity scores were 2.5 ± 0.9, 2.16 ± 0.7, 1.5 ± 0.5, 2.66 ± 0.88, and 2.25 ± 0.62 in the control, heparin, PRP, silver and PRP plus silver groups, respectively with significant intergroup difference (p = 0.004). The highest effective material for preventing adhesion formation was PRP followed by heparin and PRP plus silver. Moreover, compared to the controls, only use of PRP was significantly effective, in terms of adhesion severity (p = 0.01) . Conclusion: Platelet-rich plasma alone may have the highest efficacy for preventing postoperative peritoneal adhesions in comparison with heparin, silver nanoparticles and PRP plus silver nanoparticles.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Peritônio/cirurgia , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Aderências Teciduais/terapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To assess the incidence of testicular appendices (Tas), epididymal anomalies (EAs), and processus vaginalis (PV) patency in patients with undescended testis (UT) according to testicular position and to compare them with human fetuses. METHODS: We studied 85 patients (108 testes) with cryptorchidism and compared the features with those of 15 fetuses (30 testes) with scrotal testes. We analyzed the relationships among the testis and epididymis, patency of PV, and the presence of TAs. We used the Chi-square test for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). RESULTS: In 108 UT, 72 (66.66%) had PV patent, 67 (62.03%) had TAs, and 39 (36.12%) had EAs. Of the 108 UT, 14 were abdominal (12.96%; 14 had PV patency, 9 TAs, and 7 EAs); 81 were inguinal (75%; 52 had PV patency, 45 TAs, and 31 EAs), and 13 were suprascrotal (12.03%; 6 had PV patency, 13 TAs, and 1 EAs). The patency of PV was more frequently associated with EAs (p = 0.00364). The EAs had a higher prevalence in UT compared with fetuses (p = 0.0005). CONCLUSIONS: Undescended testis has a higher risk of anatomical anomalies and the testes situated in abdomen and inguinal canal have a higher risk of presenting patency of PV and EAs.
Assuntos
Criptorquidismo/fisiopatologia , Epididimo/anormalidades , Peritônio/anormalidades , Testículo/anormalidades , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epididimo/fisiopatologia , Feto , Humanos , Lactente , Colículos Inferiores/anormalidades , Colículos Inferiores/fisiopatologia , Canal Inguinal/anormalidades , Canal Inguinal/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Risco , Hidrocele Testicular/fisiopatologia , Testículo/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of peritoneal damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in a rat peritoneal infusion model. METHODS: Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided in 3 groups: (i) control group; (ii) HDS group, receiving peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS); and (iii) HDS+NAC group, receiving PDS and oral NAC. Six weeks later they were evaluated for dialysate to plasma urea ratio (D/P), ratio of glucose concentration in peritoneal fluid (G1/G0), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in plasma and urine and histology of peritoneal membrane. RESULTS: The HDS+NAC group presented a lower increase in solute transport (D/P 0.51 ± 0.1, and G1/GO 0.35 ± 0.06) in comparison with the HDS group (D/P 0.67 ± 0.1; p=0.03, and G1/G0 0.27 ± 0.07; p=0.01). The HDS+NAC group showed lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentrations compared with the HDS group. In the treated group, the peritoneal membrane presented lower thickness. CONCLUSIONS: Functional and histological peritoneal changes were significantly reduced by the treatment with NAC.
Assuntos
Acetilcisteína/farmacologia , Soluções para Diálise/efeitos adversos , Solução Hipertônica de Glucose/efeitos adversos , Peritônio/patologia , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Análise de Variância , Animais , Glucose/análise , Solução Hipertônica de Glucose/química , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Diálise Peritoneal/efeitos adversos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Ureia/sangueRESUMO
OBJETIVO: o acúmulo de líquido peritoneal é um achado comum em muitas crianças com distúrbios abdominais e sua geração é secundária ao aumento da permeabilidade vascular. A contribuição da circulação arterial versus venosa para a formação de edema e acúmulo de líquido peritoneal é mal compreendida. Estudos realizados in vivo mais de duas décadas atrás, sugeriram que a vênulas são mais importantes que os vasos arteriais no processo de formação de edema. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os efeitos das mudanças na pressão intravascular e a inflamação mediada pela bradicinina na permeabilidade venosa e vascular mesentérica de ratos. MÉTODO: artérias mesentéricas (MA) e veias (MV) foram montadas em cânulas de vidro, por via intravenosa preenchida com dextran fluorescentes e incremental pressurizado acima de seus valores fisiológicos in vivo. Permeabilidade vascular para dextrana foi determinada a 100, 200 e 300 por cento de pressões fisiológicas. RESULTADOS: a permeabilidade vascular estava presente em todas as medidas para ambos os vasos e sua magnitude diretamente proporcional à pressão intravascular. A bradicinina (10-5 M) aumentou significativamente a permeabilidade da MV, mas não no MA. CONCLUSÃO: o acúmulo de líquido abdominal relacionado à doença inflamatória intestinal é mais provável de ser secundária a venosa, em oposição à fuga vascular arterial
Assuntos
Ratos , Bradicinina/efeitos adversos , Permeabilidade Capilar , Sistema Cardiovascular , Endotélio Vascular , Edema/fisiopatologia , Artérias Mesentéricas , Veias Mesentéricas , Músculo Liso Vascular , Peritônio/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
The durability of the peritoneum as a dialysis membrane is as yet an unanswered question. Peritonitis episodes have an important effect in long-term treatment. To evaluate survival of the peritoneum for dialysis, we analyzed peritoneal failure related to technique dropout because of peritonitis, inadequate dialysis, and ultrafiltration disorders. We retrospectively analyzed data for 89 peritoneal dialysis patients who had been treated for at least 3 months [52 women, 37 men; mean age: 50.91 +/- 13.72 years (range: 22 - 81 years)] from August 4, 1993, to July 1, 2008. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to measure peritoneum survival, with only a definitive switch to hemodialysis or death from peritonitis, ultrafiltration failure, or inadequate dialysis as endpoints. Total treatment time was 5008 patient-months (mean: 55 +/- 44 patient-months), and the historical annual rate of peritonitis was 0.37 per year at risk (1 episode in 32.52 patient-months). Of the 89 patients, 19 dropped treatment because of peritonitis and 1 because of ultrafiltration failure. Peritoneum survival was 98.8%, 93.7%, 87.6%, 66.9%, 46.4%, and 33.8% at 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 14 years. In the 15 years of our program, peritoneum failure represented less than 1.5% of drop-out causes annually. The peritoneum is a reliable membrane to reach dialysis targets in long-term therapy.
Assuntos
Diálise Peritoneal , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Creatinina/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diálise Peritoneal/efeitos adversos , Peritonite/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Ureia/metabolismo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Twenty BALB/c mice were inoculated with cell suspension of Ehrlich tumor. Ten mice were inoculated in the cushion plant (solid form) and the other 10 in the peritoneum (ascitic form). Animals were euthanized on different times (7 and 14 days). Cytological and histological slides, immunohistochemical (PCNA) analysis and NORs silver impregnation technique were performed. The results showed more proliferation on the 7th day in the ascitic form and on 14th day in the solid form, using both analyses (PCNA and AgNORs). The alterations observed in the Ehrlich tumorÆs proliferation activity suggested that the growth curve is different between ascitic and solid forms. In the first one, the proliferation peak occurs on the seventh day and in the solid tumor the growth curve was more delayed, showing increased proliferative potential after seven days.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Ehrlich/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/prevenção & controle , Imuno-Histoquímica , Camundongos , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Tela Subcutânea/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Twenty BALB/c mice were inoculated with cell suspension of Ehrlich tumor. Ten mice were inoculated in the cushion plant (solid form) and the other 10 in the peritoneum (ascitic form). Animals were euthanized on different times (7 and 14 days). Cytological and histological slides, immunohistochemical (PCNA) analysis and NORs silver impregnation technique were performed. The results showed more proliferation on the 7th day in the ascitic form and on 14th day in the solid form, using both analyses (PCNA and AgNORs). The alterations observed in the Ehrlich tumors proliferation activity suggested that the growth curve is different between ascitic and solid forms. In the first one, the proliferation peak occurs on the seventh day and in the solid tumor the growth curve was more delayed, showing increased proliferative potential after seven days.(AU)
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Ehrlich/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/prevenção & controle , Tela Subcutânea/fisiopatologia , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , CamundongosRESUMO
Objetivo: Informar la experiencia de los autores en el manejo de la sepsis abdominal de origen gastrointestinal, sin el uso de drenaje peritoneal. Diseño: Estudio clínico, prospectivo, observacional y comparativo. El análisis estadístico fue realizado con la chi cuadrada. Sede: Hospital General Regional 25 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en la Ciudad de México, D.F. Pacientes: Se incluyeron 40 pacientes con sepsis abdominal que fueron divididos en dos grupos, 20 se manejaron con drenaje peritoneal y 20 sin el. Se dividieron en tres fases de acuerdo a la gravedad de la sepsis y se incluyeron en el estudio sólo los pacientes en fase I y II. Se analizaron las siguientes variables; edad, sexo, curso clínico, origen de la sepsis y operación realizada. Resultados: De los 20 pacientes sin drenaje, 12 fueron hombres y 8 mujeres, en 18 casos la sepsis fue secundaria a apendicitis aguda, en 1 por herida penetratante de abdomen y en uno más por perforación colónica secundaria a colitis pseudomenbranosa. Quince de estos casos se encontraban en la fase I de la sepsis y 5 en la fase II, ninguno de estos pacientes presentó complicaciones postoperatorias. De los otros 20 pacientes con drenaje abdominal, 18 fueron del sexo masculino y 2 del femenino, en 12 de los pacientes el origen de la sepsis fue apendicitis aguda, en 4 más por herida penetrante de abdomen, en 2 por úlcera péptica perforada, uno por vólvulos del ciego y uno por dehiscencia de anastomosis. Ocho de estos paciente presentaron complicaciones postoperatorias: infección de herida quirúrgica, sepsis residual, eventración, fístula entérica, fascitis necrotizante, etcétera. Conclusión: En este estudio resultó demostrativo que el uso de drenajes incrementa la morbilidad en la sepsis abdominal
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Abdome/fisiopatologia , Aminoglicosídeos/administração & dosagem , Drenagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Metronidazol/administração & dosagem , Lavagem Peritoneal , Peritônio/fisiopatologia , Peritonite/fisiopatologia , Sepse/etiologia , Sepse/terapiaRESUMO
Se presenta la casuística de hidatidosis humana de la Sección Patológica de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Concepción, recopilada mediante sistema de diagnóstico codificado. Entre 5.195 autopsias realizadas de 1979 a 1989 había 30 casos (0,58 por ciento ) y en 81.832 biopsias estudiadas entre 1979 a 1990 había 266 casos (0,33 por ciento ). Predominó levemente el sexo masculino. Las edades mas afectadas en las biopsias estaban entre los 11 y 60 años y el órgano más afectado fue el hígado seguido del peritoneo, en los autopsiados en cambio la edad mñas afectada fue entre 41 a 80 años y el órgano fue el pulmón seguido del peritoneo. El diagnóstico se hizo en vida en la mitad de los 30 casos y en 14 de ellos en deceso fue atribuible a la enfermedad. 14 casos presentaron complicaciones, especialmente a nivel pulmonar. Revisamos la morfología macro y microscópica del parásito y las particularidades de su localizaciones basados en la literatura y experiencia local. Destacamos la concomitancia de 2 casos con un cáncer. Subrayamos la prevalencia de la enfermedad en nuestro medio con impacto en edades reproductivas, la gravedad de sus complicaciones, su significativa letalidad y la importancia de acciones preventivas