RESUMO
The antischistosomal activity of clonazepam, when administered alone or in association with oxamniquine and praziquantel, was experimentally evaluated in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. The animals were treated 45 days post-infection with a single dose, by oral route, according to three treatment schedules: clonazepam 25 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 min, 1h or 4 h after treatment; clonazepam 1.0, 2.5 or 10.0 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 days post-treatment or with the dose of 10 mg/kg in association with oxamniquine 50 mg/kg or praziquantel 200 mg/kg, single dose, orally, every schedule with a control group. The efficacy of the drugs in vivo was assessed by means of worm counts and their distribution in mesentery and liver, mortality and oogram changes. In the chemotherapeutic schedules used, clonazepam did not present antischistosomal activity and the result of the association of this drug with oxamniquine or praziquantel was not significantly different from the one obtained when these two last drugs were administered alone. In the in vitro experiments, the worms exposed to 0.6 mg/mL clonazepam remained motionless throughout the 8-day-period of observation, without egg-laying, whereas the worms of the control group showed normal movements, egg-laying and hatching of miracidia on the last day of observation. The results obtained in the present study confirm the action of clonazepam on S. mansoni adult worm, in vitro, causing total paralysis of males and females. However, no additive or synergistic effects were observed when clonazepam were used in association with oxamniquine or praziquantel.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Clonazepam/farmacologia , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomicidas/farmacologia , Clonazepam/administração & dosagem , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Fígado/parasitologia , Mesentério/parasitologia , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Oxamniquine/farmacologia , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/farmacologia , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A 40-year-old female laboratory technician accidentally came into contact with water that contained snails shedding Schistosoma mansoni cercariae while she was maintaining an aquarium. Several minutes after exposure to the contaminated water, she experienced severe itching in the area of exposure, and several papules were observed. INVESTIGATIONS: Taking of medical history to provide evidence of accidental contact with water contaminated with S. mansoni cercariae; physical examination; and stool examinations by the Kato-Katz, formol-ether concentration and sedimentation methods carried out four times weekly, starting 45 days after infection and continuing until 10 weeks after infection. DIAGNOSIS: S. mansoni infection. MANAGEMENT: A single oral dose of 50 mg/kg oxamniquine on the day of the incident.
Assuntos
Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Schistosoma mansoni/isolamento & purificação , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Adulto , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologiaRESUMO
The antischistosomal activity of clonazepam, when administered alone or in association with oxamniquine and praziquantel, was experimentally evaluated in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. The animals were treated 45 days post-infection with a single dose, by oral route, according to three treatment schedules: clonazepam 25 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 min, 1h or 4 h after treatment; clonazepam 1.0, 2.5 or 10.0 mg/kg and sacrificed 15 days post-treatment or with the dose of 10 mg/kg in association with oxamniquine 50 mg/kg or praziquantel 200 mg/kg, single dose, orally, every schedule with a control group. The efficacy of the drugs in vivo was assessed by means of worm counts and their distribution in mesentery and liver, mortality and oogram changes. In the chemotherapeutic schedules used, clonazepam did not present antischistosomal activity and the result of the association of this drug with oxamniquine or praziquantel was not significantly different from the one obtained when these two last drugs were administered alone. In the in vitro experiments, the worms exposed to 0.6 mg/mL clonazepam remained motionless throughout the 8-day-period of observation, without egg-laying, whereas the worms of the control group showed normal movements, egg-laying and hatching of miracidia on the last day of observation. The results obtained in the present study confirm the action of clonazepam on S. mansoni adult worm, in vitro, causing total paralysis of males and females. However, no additive or synergistic effects were observed when clonazepam were used in association with oxamniquine or praziquantel.
Assuntos
Clonazepam/farmacologia , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomicidas/farmacologia , Animais , Clonazepam/administração & dosagem , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Fígado/parasitologia , Masculino , Mesentério/parasitologia , Camundongos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Oxamniquine/farmacologia , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/farmacologia , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The efficacy of different treatment protocols in humans infected with Schistosoma mansoni at sites with different transmission conditions was evaluated by the disappearance of anti-worm intestine IgM antibodies in an indirect fluorescence antibody test (IgM-IFT) and anti-egg antibodies in the circumoval precipitin test (COPT). Patient sera coming from sites of active low transmission (ALT), active high transmission (AHT) and low interrupted transmission (LIT) from Venezuela were studied. Chemotherapy protocols were (1) ALT, 60 mg/kg praziquantel (Pzq60); (2) AHT, one dose of 40 mg/kg Pzq followed by one dose of 20 mg/kg oxamniquine for one group and one dose of 40 mg/kg Pzq alone for the other group; (3) LIT, one dose of 40 mg/kg Pzq repeated every 3 months up to three doses. Cure rates occurred mostly between 3 and 12 months with the exception of Pzq60-ALT where it was evident before 3 months. Higher cure rates were evident in both places of low transmission (ALT and LIT) and the lowest in the AHT regardless of the treatment protocol. Cure was more evident with COPT compared to IgM-IFT. The rate of serological cure appears then to depend on the previous state of transmission. The differential cure rate evaluated by both techniques is probably due to the persistence of antibodies against antigens in different stages of the parasite.
Assuntos
Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/transmissão , Esquistossomicidas/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Testes de Precipitina , Schistosoma mansoni/imunologia , Resultado do Tratamento , VenezuelaRESUMO
Dados de prevalencia e incidencia da esquistossomose foram estimados, acompanhando-se um grupo de escolares residentes em area rural do municipio de Itariri (Sao Paulo, Brasil), por um periodo de 2 anos, com cinco inqueritos, um a cada semestre, realizados no primeiro semestre de cada ano entre marco e abril e no segundo, entre setembro e outubro. O hospedeiro intermediario do Schistosoma mansoni na area e a Biomphalaria tenagophila. A infeccao pelo S. mansoni foi determinada pelo metodo parasitologico de Kato-Katz, atraves do exame de tres laminas, e os resultados analisados comparativamente aos da reacao de imunofluorescencia para deteccao de anticorpos IgM (RIF-IgM). Foram encontrados nos cinco inqueritos indices de prevalencia de 8,6 por cento, 6,8 por cento, 9,9 por cento, 5,8 por cento e 17,2 por cento pelo metodo parasitologico...
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitologia , Esquistossomose/epidemiologia , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Esquistossomose/imunologia , Esquistossomose/terapia , Biomphalaria/parasitologia , Brasil , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Zona Rural , ImunofluorescênciaRESUMO
A schedule of repeated chemotherapy with oxamniquine, consisting of biannual treatment of school-aged (7-13 years) children and annual treatment of all other age groups, was used in a representative rural village from a highly endemic area of schistosomiasis in Pernambuco. Significant reductions in infection were obtained only after two cycles of treatment, as the overall prevalence decreased from 72.6% to 41.7% and the geometric mean egg counts per gram of faeces among positives fell from 188.4 to 76. In a school-aged cohort (n = 29) three treatments at six-month intervals were necessary to significantly reduce the proportion of positives (from 75.9% to 51.7%). In a cohort of children under 7 years of age (n = 20) the proportion of positives actually increased (from 30% to 45%) despite two annual treatments. Water contact was intense and host snail density was relatively high. As there is no short-term perspective of improved sanitation, auxiliary measures such as focal mollusciciding are needed for an adequate control of schistosomiasis in this and alike areas.
Assuntos
Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Esquistossomose/prevenção & controle , Esquistossomicidas/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Brasil , Pré-Escolar , Esquema de Medicação , Doenças Endêmicas , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Prevalência , Saúde da População Rural , Esquistossomose/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose/epidemiologia , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Oxamniquine (OXA) was successfully encapsulated in small unilamellar vesicles using a pH gradient method. This procedure led to a high drug encapsulation efficiency (> 85%) at a drug to lipid molar ratio of 1/10. Moreover, these liposomes were found to retain encapsulated OXA efficiently under dialysis conditions at 37 degrees C. Liposome-entrapped OXA (LOXA), OXA, and empty liposomes were tested against Schistosoma mansoni in a murine model. LOXA produced a significant reduction of the worm burden compared to the other preparations, when inoculated by subcutaneous route (s.c.) with 10 mg OXA/kg animal one day before the infection, and 3, 7, and 14 days after. However, LOXA was not effective when given 7 days before, or 35 days after infections. OXA, in the free form, was effective in relation to the untreated group, only when administered 3 days after the infection. Maximum effect of LOXA, with 97% reduction of the parasite number, was observed when the preparation was given s.c. one day before the infection. On the other hand, LOXA inoculated intraperitoneally one day before the infection didn't show any reduction of the parasite count. It can be concluded that LOXA is more effective than OXA for the treatment of experimental schistosomiasis, particularly when administered subcutaneously at a time close to the infection.
Assuntos
Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Animais , Portadores de Fármacos , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Lipossomos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos EndogâmicosRESUMO
Lethality caused by administration of oxamniquine and praziquantel to mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni, and their respective controls (uninfected), has been studied. As the results indicate, the infected animals clearly showed higher mortality rates when praziquantel was used. Surprisingly, it may be noted that exactly the contrary occurs in relation to the use of oxamniquine, inasmuch as marked higher mortality rates were seen in the control animals (uninfected). These observations lead to the conclusion that further toxicological studies of antischistosomal drugs using. S. mansoni infected animals are needed.
Assuntos
Oxamniquine/toxicidade , Praziquantel/toxicidade , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomicidas/intoxicação , Animais , Feminino , Dose Letal Mediana , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Esquistossomose mansoni/mortalidade , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Apresentaçäo de quatro casos de esquistossomose mansônica cutânea ectópica, observados em Pernambuco, onde a doença é freqüente. Na discussäo, os autores analisam a evoluçäo do quadro histológico, considerando semelhanças e diferenças, bem como reaçöes ao tratamento, comuns aos quatro pacientes
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Adolescente , Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Schistosoma mansoni/patogenicidade , Esquistossomose mansoni/diagnóstico , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/fisiopatologia , Manifestações Cutâneas , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Oxamniquine (OXY), a tetrahydroquinoline derivative, is used as an antischistosomal drug and generally has been labeled with carbon-14 and tritium. We decided instead to label it with technetium-99 (99mTc). In order to determine the optimal conditions, different concentrations of this drug were incubated with various stannous chloride solutions. We then added 99mTc, and chromatography was performed using 0.9% NaCl solution, acetone and 1.2N HCl as the mobile phase. Using a solution of 1.0 mg/mL stannous chloride and 0.5 mg/mL oxamniquine, over 94% of the radioactivity bound to oxamniquine (99mTc-OXY). In the biodistribution study, 99mTc-OXY was administered in mice intramuscularly, orally and intravenously. When the intramuscular route was used, the main uptake (after 30 minutes) of the labeled drug was in the kidneys, liver and intestines; after 240 minutes the labeled drug was still found in the liver and kidneys, but at increased levels in the intestines. It was also present in the faeces. When the oral route was employed, labeled OXY was mainly found in the stomach after 30 minutes, but there was a decrease after 240 minutes. During this period radioactivity increased in the intestines. When the intravenous route was employed the labeled OXY was found in the liver and spleen. The radioactivity decreased with time in these organs. Using infected animals, radioactivity was found in isolated worms.
Assuntos
Compostos de Organotecnécio , Oxamniquine/análogos & derivados , Animais , Marcação por Isótopo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Compostos de Organotecnécio/farmacocinética , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Oxamniquine/farmacocinética , Cintilografia , Esquistossomose mansoni/diagnóstico por imagem , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
The authors report a case of a patient with schistosomiasis (S. mansoni) treated with one single dose (15 mg/kg/BWT) of oral oxamniquine who presented Mobitz type I second-degree AV block and sinus arrest with ventricular escape as a side-effect. They conclude that in spite of the safety and good activity of oxamniquine it may be a determinant of cardiotoxicity.
Assuntos
Arritmias Cardíacas/induzido quimicamente , Oxamniquine/efeitos adversos , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Criança , Eletrocardiografia , Bloqueio Cardíaco/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Masculino , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Three distinct syndromes caused by schistosomiasis have been described: cercarial dermatitis or swimmer's itch, acute schistosomiasis or Katayama fever, and chronic schistosomiasis. Complications of acute schistosomiasis have also been reported. The absence of a serological marker for the acute stage has hindered early diagnosis and treatment. Recently, an ELISA test using KLH (keyhole limpet haemocyanin) as antigen, has proved useful in differentiating acute from chronic schistosomiasis mansoni. Clinical and experimental evidence indicate that steroids act synergistically with schistosomicides in the treatment of Katayama syndrome. In this paper, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of acute schistosomiasis are updated.
Assuntos
Esquistossomose/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Encefalopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Hemocianinas , Humanos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Esquistossomose/diagnóstico , Esquistossomose/patologiaRESUMO
From each of a group of 217 adult males selected through enzyme-immunoassay or skin-test (Group A), six stool samples were examined by both the Lutz/Hoffman, Pons & Janer (Lutz/HPJ) and Kato/Katz methods. In addition, one oogram of the rectal mucosa was performed. By these methods, schistosomiasis was detected in 44.7%, 47.5% and 40.1% of the individuals respectively. To evaluate the methods in the assessment of cure, the last 40 patients from group A, treated with a single oral dose of oxamniquine at 15 mg/kg were followed up for six months (Group B). The criteria for parasitological cure included three stool examinations by Kato/Katz and Lutz/HPJ methods, one, three and six months post-treatment and a rectal biopsy between the fourth and sixth months post-treatment. The examinations were negative in 87.5%, 90% and 95% of the patients, respectively. The efficacy of oxamniquine was 82.5% when the three methods were considered together and there was no statistically significant difference between the sensitivity of the individual methods
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Fezes/parasitologia , Reto/patologia , Schistosoma mansoni/isolamento & purificação , Esquistossomose mansoni/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Biópsia , Brasil , Estudo de Avaliação , Métodos , Militares , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Reto/parasitologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
From each of a group of 217 adult males selected through enzyme-immunoassay or skin-test (Group A), six stool samples were examined by both the Lutz/Hoffman, Pons & Janer (Lutz/HPJ) and Kato/Katz methods. In addition, one oogram of the rectal mucosa was performed. By these methods, schistosomiasis was detected in 44.7%, 47.5% and 40.1% of the individuals respectively. To evaluate the methods in the assessment of cure, the last 40 patients from group A, treated with a single oral dose of oxamniquine at 15 mg/kg were followed up for six months (Group B). The criteria for parasitological cure included three stool examinations by Kato/Katz and Lutz/HPJ methods, one, three and six months post-treatment and a rectal biopsy between the fourth and sixth months post-treatment. The examinations were negative in 87.5%, 90% and 95% of the patients, respectively. The efficacy of oxamniquine was 82.5% when the three methods were considered together and there was no statistically significant difference between the sensitivity of the individual methods.
Assuntos
Fezes/parasitologia , Reto/patologia , Schistosoma mansoni/isolamento & purificação , Esquistossomose mansoni/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Biópsia , Brasil , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Masculino , Métodos , Militares , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Reto/parasitologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Two hundred children infected with Schistosoma mansoni were treated with either 20 mg/kg oxamniquine or 60 mg/kg praziquantel. Cure rates (about 85%) were similar as was the percentage reduction (80%) in egg counts in uncured children. Treatment with the alternative drug of children not cured with the first treatment resulted in negative stools in 11 of 12 cases examined one month after the second round of therapy. In order to minimize the risk of the development of drug resistance, our data suggest that infected patients be treated with one drug, and therapeutic failures with another. Evidence from experiments in mice with isolates obtained after failures of one treatment in children suggests that therapeutic failure does not necessarily indicate the presence of drug-resistant schistosomes. The value of using mice to assess drug resistance in schistosomes is questioned.
Assuntos
Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Animais , Criança , Quimioterapia Combinada , Fezes/parasitologia , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Oxamniquine/farmacologia , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/farmacologia , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Camundongos infectados com 350 cercarias de Schistosoma mansoni (cepa LE) foram tratados com oxamniquina, em dose unica de 400 mg/kg, 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas apos a infeccao. Quarenta dias apos o tratamento, os animais foram submetidos a uma infeccao desafio com 80 cercarias, atraves da pele abdominal e da orelha. O numero de vermes imaturos nos grupos de animais tratados 24 e 96 horas apos a primeira infeccao foi menor do que no grupo controle, evidenciando que a morte de esquistossomulos por quimioterapia, durante as fases da pele e do pulmao, causa um estado de resistencia adquirida.
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Pulmão/parasitologia , Camundongos/imunologia , Oxamniquine/farmacologia , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/parasitologia , Administração Oral , Imunidade Ativa , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Esquistossomose mansoni/imunologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologiaRESUMO
Mice infected with 350 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (LE strain) were treated with oxamniquine, at the dose of 400 mg/kg, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after infection. Forty days after the treatment, the animals were submitted to a challenge infection with 80 cercariae, through the abdominal and ear skins. The number of immature worms in the animal groups treated 24 and 96 h after the first infection was found to be lower than that in the control group, thus showing that the death of schistosomes by chemotherapy, at the skin and pulmonary phases, causes an acquired resistance state.
Assuntos
Pulmão/parasitologia , Oxamniquine/farmacologia , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose mansoni/imunologia , Pele/parasitologia , Administração Oral , Animais , Imunidade Ativa , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologiaRESUMO
1. Mice infected with 80 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni were treated with a single oral dose of oxamniquine (400 mg/kg) 65 days after infection. 2. Groups of 8-12 animals were sacrificed approximately 2 weeks after treatment and then at monthly intervals. The sera obtained were evaluated for S. mansoni antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1:200 dilution. 3. Worms could not be recovered on days 14, 28, 58, 90, 119, 154 and 180 after treatment, indicating the efficacy of the chemotherapy. 4. When performed with different antigens obtained from several stages in the life cycle of S. mansoni, i.e., soluble egg antigen, adult worm tegument, cercaria antigen, schistosomule tegument and adult worm (10 micrograms antigen/ml), the ELISA showed a decrease in specific antibody levels as a function of time after treatment starting on day 58, reaching levels close to control (noninfected untreated) in most animals 120 days after treatment. 5. Purified antigens from the adult worm and the schistosomule tegument appear to be promising for use in clinical studies evaluating schistosomiasis after drug treatment.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Schistosoma mansoni/imunologia , Administração Oral , Animais , Reações Antígeno-Anticorpo , Antígenos de Helmintos/sangue , Feminino , Larva , Camundongos , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Perfusão , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose mansoni/sangue , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/imunologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Mice infected with 80 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni treated with a single oral dose of oxamnique (400 mg/kg) 65 days after infection. Groups of 8-12 animals were sacrificed approximately 2 weeks after treatment and then at montly intervals. The sera obtained were evaluated for S. mansoni antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbeent assay (ELISA) at 1:200 dilution. Worms could not be recovered on days 14, 28, 58, 90, 119, 154 and 180 after treatment, indicating the efficacy of the chemotherapy. When performed with different antigens obtained from several stages in the life cycle of S. mansoni, i.e., soluble egg antigen, adult worm tegument, cercaria antigen, schistosomule tegument and adult worm (10 *g antigen/ml), the ELISA showed a decrease in specific antibody levels as a function of time after treatment starting on day 58, reaching levels close to control (noninfected untreated) in most animals 120 days after treatment. Purified antigens from the adult worm and the schistosomule tegument appear to be promising for use in clinical studies evaluating schistosomiasis after drug treatment
Assuntos
Camundongos , Animais , Feminino , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Oxamniquine/uso terapêutico , Schistosoma mansoni/imunologia , Administração Oral , Análise de Variância , Reações Antígeno-Anticorpo , Antígenos de Helmintos/sangue , Larva , Oxamniquine/administração & dosagem , Perfusão , Schistosoma mansoni/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/imunologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Desejando verificar a eficácia da associaçäo de oxamniquine com praziquantel no tratamento da esquistossomose mansônica experimental, durante o período patente da infecçäo, os autores infectaram camundongos e compuseram os quatro grupos adiante especificados, para possibilitar procedimentos diversos, conforme os esquemas estipulados, havendo sempre administraçäo de dose única pela via oral: I - oxamniquine (50 mg/Kg); II - praziquantel (75 mg/Kg_; III - associaçäo de oxamniquine (50 mg/Kg) e praziquantel (75 mg/Kg); IV - controle. A verificaçäo da eficácia foi efetuada por meio de oogramas, com estudo e classificaçäo evolutiva dos ovos observados em fragmento do intestino delgado e, também, pela perfusäo do sistema venoso porta, para recuperaçäo dos vermes. Nos animais dos grupos I e II os fármacos tiveram açäo parcial, enquanto que nos camundongos do III ficou evidente o sinergismo, tornando-se justificavel a experimentaçäo clínica da associaçäo de oxamniquine com praziquantel, no tratamento dos casos humanos