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The article presents the results of scientific research on the production of lamb in the conditions of the Akmola region. The experiment was conducted on purebred Kazakh short-tailed rough-haired and cross-bred sheep obtained from industrial crossing of Kazakh short-tailed rough-haired queens with sheep- producers of the hampshire breed. Further, the article presents the results of feeding and fattening, as well as the morphological composition of the carcass of sheep of the Kazakh coarse-haired sheep breed of different ages. The object of the study for feeding and fattening were three groups of experimental sheep of the above-mentioned breed, where compound feed was included in the diet of the I experimental group in the form of top dressing, in the II experimental group, grain waste was also used for top dressing, and the control group was kept in the feed without top dressing. Based on the study of the feeding of experimental sheep, it was found that the absolute increase during the feeding period in experimental sheep who received fertilization in the form of compound feed is higher than in their peers, respectively, by 0.2 and 1.49 kg. In terms of morphological and varietal composition, in particular, the number of cuts of grade 1, there was also an advantage of experimental sheep that received fertilization in the form of compound feed compared to their peers, respectively, by 2.3-8.3%. In general, the results of a study on the growth, development and slaughter qualities of experimental sheep, i.e. purebred Kazakh short-tailed rough-haired and crossbred, obtained from crossing with sheep producers of the precocious breed "hampshire" showed that from the moment of birth to 2 and 4 months. For example, crossbred sheep were slightly superior to purebred peers in terms of the studied indicators. In particular, the results of feeding sheep of the Kazakh coarse-haired broad-tailed breed from 4 to 6 months, depending on the top dressing.

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INTRODUCTION: Colombian-haired sheep (OPC) is a creole breed with very good adaptation to the tropical conditions of our country. In sheep, it has been shown that the litter size (LS) is associated with ovulation rate, the number of fertilized eggs, and embryo survival. Also, LS is determined by genetic and environmental effects. In this sense, the receptor 1B of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPR-1B) has been described as a genetic factor. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to characterize and associate the SNP C864T in the BMPR-1B gene with LS in the specific OPC biotypes Ethiopian and Sudan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Reproductive history (LS, number of calving in the mother, identification of the father, conception year, and conception period) of 200 OPC sheep was assessed. Additionally, sheep were genotyped by sequencing for the SNP C864T. An association between LS, reproductive history, and C864T variation was performed using a GLM fixed-effect model. RESULTS: The frequency of the T allele (0.75 ± 0.03) was higher than that of the C allele (P<0.05). The genotypic frequencies were 0.55 ± 0.06, 0.38 ± 0.04, and 0.07 ± 0.01, for TT, TC, and CC, respectively. An average value of He (0.37 ± 0.03) and HWE (P=0.97) was found. The LS found was 1.45 ± 0.15. This varied, between biotypes, with number of calving in the mother, with the father, and at the time of conception (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The LS varied between genotypes (P<0.05). The CC genotype was the most prolific (1.81 ± 0.4), followed by the heterozygous (1.45 ± 0.04) and the TT homozygous (1.09 ± 0.04). However, we did not find a variation between biotypes within the genotypes (P>0.05). In conclusion, the polymorphism target in the exon 9 of the BMPR-1B gene and non-genetic factors affected significantly the litter size in the OPC.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of FecGE mutation on the development of ovarian follicles. To this end, 42 Santa Inês ewes were genotyped for FecGE mutation and classified as wild-type (FecG+/+), heterozygous (FecG+/E) or mutant homozygous (FecGE/E). Ovarian fragments were processed, and the follicles were analyzed with regard to the morphology and morphometry using classical histology. For the evaluation of follicular dynamics, ewes underwent oestrous synchronization and were monitored throughout an interovulatory period. A higher (P < 0.05) percentage of morphologically normal follicles in the primordial stage was identified in FecGE/E (90.0%) and FecG+/E (88.1%) ewes than in the FecG+/+ (73.0%) ewes. There was also a significantly greater (P < 0.05) number of morphologically normal follicles in the FecGE/E (87.3%) and FecG+/E (83.3%) ewes than in FecG+/+ (76.8%) ewes in the transitional stage. A smaller (P < 0.05) diameter was observed in the secondary follicles in FecGE/E (93.8 µm) ewes than in FecG+/E (171.8 µm) ewes. Regarding follicular dynamics, FecGE/E ewes showed a greater (P < 0.05) number of ovulations (2.5 ±â€¯0.2) than FecG+/+ ewes (1.5 ±â€¯0.3) ewes. Ovulatory follicles were smaller (P < 0.05) in the FecGE/E (5.1 mm) and FecG+/E (5.2 mm) ewes than in FecG+/+ (5.8 mm) ewes. Santa Inês nulliparous ewes carrying the FecGE mutation showed a greater proportion of morphologically normal follicles in the primordial and transitional stages than those not carrying the mutation. FecGE/E ewes demonstrated a higher number of ovulated follicles and that FecGE/E and FecG+/E ewes presented ovulatory follicles with a smaller diameter.

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Apesar da comercialização de ovinos se basearem na observação do peso dos animais, é necessário o conhecimento da composição percentual dos cortes e de outras partes que compõem o peso dos animais e que caracterizam a qualidade do produto. Os distintos cortes que compõem a carcaça possuem diferentes valores econômicos e sua proporção constitui importante índice para avaliação da qualidade comercial da carcaça. Dessa forma, o rendimento dos diferentes cortes comerciais da carcaça é parâmetro importante para direcionar sistemas de alimentação que venham obter cordeiros jovens em terminação. O confinamento é uma estratégia utilizada pelos pecuaristas, visando o abate de animais precoces, com produção de carcaças de melhor qualidade, permitindo obter um melhor preço pelo produto. Objetivou-se fazer um levantamento das características de carcaça e componentes não carcáceos de ovinos. É interessante avaliar os componentes não constituintes da carcaça, pois os mesmos influenciam diretamente no ganho de peso e no rendimento de carcaça, já que grande parte está relacionada com a dieta que o animal será destinado a receber. Com isso, são necessários estudos não só da carcaça, mas também dos demais componentes do animal, uma vez que, sua comercialização agregará maior valor econômico ao animal como um todo.(AU)

Although sheep marketing is based on the observation of the animal's weight, it is necessary to know the percentage composition of cuts and other parts that make up the weight of the animals and characterize the quality of the product. The different cuts that compose the carcass have different economic values and their proportion constitutes an important index for evaluation of the commercial quality of the carcass. Thus, the yield of the different commercial cuts of the carcass is an important parameter to guide feed systems that deal with young lambs in finishing. Confinement is a strategy used by farmers aiming at the slaughter of precocious animals, with the production of better-quality carcasses, resulting in a better price for the product. The purpose of this study was to survey the carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of sheep, assessing the non-carcass components and their direct influence on weight gain and carcass yield.(AU)

A pesar de que la comercialización de ovinos se basa en la observación del peso de los animales, es necesario conocer la composición porcentual de los cortes y de otras partes que componen el peso de los animales y que caracterizan la calidad del producto. Los distintos cortes que componen la carcasa poseen diferentes valores económicos y su proporción constituye un importante índice para la evaluación de la calidad comercial de la carcasa. De esa forma, el rendimiento de los diferentes cortes comerciales de la carcasa es un parámetro importante para dirigir sistemas de alimentación que vengan a obtener corderos jóvenes en terminación. El confinamiento es una estrategia utilizada por los ganaderos, buscando el sacrificio de animales precoces, con producción de carcasas de mejor calidad, permitiendo obtener un mejor precio por el producto. Se objetivó hacer un levantamiento de las características de carcasa y componentes no carcasa de ovinos. Es interesante evaluar los componentes no constituyentes de la carcasa, pues los mismos influencian directamente en el gano de peso y en el rendimiento de carcasa, ya que gran parte está relacionada con la dieta que el animal será destinado a recibir. Así, se hace necesario estudios no solo de la carcasa, sino de los demás componentes del animal, una vez que, su comercialización agregará mayor valor económico al animal como un todo.(AU)

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Apesar da comercialização de ovinos se basearem na observação do peso dos animais, é necessário o conhecimento da composição percentual dos cortes e de outras partes que compõem o peso dos animais e que caracterizam a qualidade do produto. Os distintos cortes que compõem a carcaça possuem diferentes valores econômicos e sua proporção constitui importante índice para avaliação da qualidade comercial da carcaça. Dessa forma, o rendimento dos diferentes cortes comerciais da carcaça é parâmetro importante para direcionar sistemas de alimentação que venham obter cordeiros jovens em terminação. O confinamento é uma estratégia utilizada pelos pecuaristas, visando o abate de animais precoces, com produção de carcaças de melhor qualidade, permitindo obter um melhor preço pelo produto. Objetivou-se fazer um levantamento das características de carcaça e componentes não carcáceos de ovinos. É interessante avaliar os componentes não constituintes da carcaça, pois os mesmos influenciam diretamente no ganho de peso e no rendimento de carcaça, já que grande parte está relacionada com a dieta que o animal será destinado a receber. Com isso, são necessários estudos não só da carcaça, mas também dos demais componentes do animal, uma vez que, sua comercialização agregará maior valor econômico ao animal como um todo.(AU)

Although sheep marketing is based on the observation of the animal's weight, it is necessary to know the percentage composition of cuts and other parts that make up the weight of the animals and characterize the quality of the product. The different cuts that compose the carcass have different economic values and their proportion constitutes an important index for evaluation of the commercial quality of the carcass. Thus, the yield of the different commercial cuts of the carcass is an important parameter to guide feed systems that deal with young lambs in finishing. Confinement is a strategy used by farmers aiming at the slaughter of precocious animals, with the production of better-quality carcasses, resulting in a better price for the product. The purpose of this study was to survey the carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of sheep, assessing the non-carcass components and their direct influence on weight gain and carcass yield.(AU)

A pesar de que la comercialización de ovinos se basa en la observación del peso de los animales, es necesario conocer la composición porcentual de los cortes y de otras partes que componen el peso de los animales y que caracterizan la calidad del producto. Los distintos cortes que componen la carcasa poseen diferentes valores económicos y su proporción constituye un importante índice para la evaluación de la calidad comercial de la carcasa. De esa forma, el rendimiento de los diferentes cortes comerciales de la carcasa es un parámetro importante para dirigir sistemas de alimentación que vengan a obtener corderos jóvenes en terminación. El confinamiento es una estrategia utilizada por los ganaderos, buscando el sacrificio de animales precoces, con producción de carcasas de mejor calidad, permitiendo obtener un mejor precio por el producto. Se objetivó hacer un levantamiento de las características de carcasa y componentes no carcasa de ovinos. Es interesante evaluar los componentes no constituyentes de la carcasa, pues los mismos influencian directamente en el gano de peso y en el rendimiento de carcasa, ya que gran parte está relacionada con la dieta que el animal será destinado a recibir. Así, se hace necesario estudios no solo de la carcasa, sino de los demás componentes del animal, una vez que, su comercialización agregará mayor valor económico al animal como un todo.(AU)

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance, ingestive behavior and carcass traits of crossbred Dorper x Santa Inês lambs fed rations containing soybean cake. Twenty-four lambs (4 months of age and 24.3 ± 3.1 kg BW) were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. Treatments were the inclusion of 50, 100 or 150 g kg-1 of soybean cake in the ration, on a DM basis, and a control diet without this ingredient. Rations were offered ad libitum for 75 days and the lambs were slaughtered at 35 to 40 kg BW. Dry matter intake reduced linearly and the average daily gain had a quadratic response to the soybean cake levels, also decreasing with the addition of this ingredient. The time spent feeding increased and the idle time decreased linearly with the soybean cake levels, whereas the time spent in rumination was not affected. Hot and cold carcass weights decreased linearly with the addition of this ingredient. The addition of 50 to 150 g kg DM-1 of soybean cake to the ration for lambs is not recommended due to reduced animal performance, which may compromise the profitability of sheep farmers.(AU)

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This study aimed to assess the influence of lamb finishing systems on zootechnical performance, as well as on carcass and meat quality. The experiment was conducted at the APTAs experimental farm. Thirty-three lambs were used - both sexes, initial age of 90 ± 3 days, Texel with Santa Inês, each animal being one experimental unit, with 6 males and 5 females per treatment. Treatments consisted of: lambs finished on pasture, in semi-feedlot or in feedlot. The lambs were slaughtered with average live weight of 35 kg. Weight gain and carcass measures were taken by ultrasound. After slaughter, carcass conformation and yield, pH, temperature, color, water retention capacity and tenderness were measured. Animals finished on pasture had lower weight gain, were slaughtered at an older age, with lighter carcass weight, smaller loin area, lower shank compactness index, besides lighter shoulder and shank weights, compared to the other production systems (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the semi-feedlot and the feedlot systems for the assessed characteristics. In conclusion, production systems affect animal performance, as well as carcass and meat quality, especially when it comes to important production aspects, such as slaughter age and yield of premium cuts.(AU)

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This study aimed to assess the influence of lamb finishing systems on zootechnical performance, as well as on carcass and meat quality. The experiment was conducted at the APTA’s experimental farm. Thirty-three lambs were used - both sexes, initial age of 90 ± 3 days, Texel with Santa Inês, each animal being one experimental unit, with 6 males and 5 females per treatment. Treatments consisted of: lambs finished on pasture, in semi-feedlot or in feedlot. The lambs were slaughtered with average live weight of 35 kg. Weight gain and carcass measures were taken by ultrasound. After slaughter, carcass conformation and yield, pH, temperature, color, water retention capacity and tenderness were measured. Animals finished on pasture had lower weight gain, were slaughtered at an older age, with lighter carcass weight, smaller loin area, lower shank compactness index, besides lighter shoulder and shank weights, compared to the other production systems (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the semi-feedlot and the feedlot systems for the assessed characteristics. In conclusion, production systems affect animal performance, as well as carcass and meat quality, especially when it comes to important production aspects, such as slaughter age and yield of premium cuts.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance, ingestive behavior and carcass traits of crossbred Dorper x Santa Inês lambs fed rations containing soybean cake. Twenty-four lambs (4 months of age and 24.3 ± 3.1 kg BW) were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. Treatments were the inclusion of 50, 100 or 150 g kg-1 of soybean cake in the ration, on a DM basis, and a control diet without this ingredient. Rations were offered ad libitum for 75 days and the lambs were slaughtered at 35 to 40 kg BW. Dry matter intake reduced linearly and the average daily gain had a quadratic response to the soybean cake levels, also decreasing with the addition of this ingredient. The time spent feeding increased and the idle time decreased linearly with the soybean cake levels, whereas the time spent in rumination was not affected. Hot and cold carcass weights decreased linearly with the addition of this ingredient. The addition of 50 to 150 g kg DM-1 of soybean cake to the ration for lambs is not recommended due to reduced animal performance, which may compromise the profitability of sheep farmers.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação privativa, com concentrado ou leguminosa, sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes corporais de cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pastejo de azevém. Foram utilizados 27 cordeiros lactentes, distribuídos nos tratamentos que corresponderam aos sistemas de alimentação: cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém, cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém e suplementados com concentrado em comedouro privativo (creep feeding) e cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém e suplementados com leguminosa no pasto privativo (creep grazing). O concentrado era composto por milho, farelo de soja e calcário calcítico, e a leguminosa utilizada foi o trevo-branco. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. O conteúdo do trato gastrintestinal juntamente com bile e urina e a proporção de esôfago foram maiores (P<0,05) nos cordeiros mantidos em pasto de azevém. As proporções de fígado e intestino grosso foram maiores (P<0,05) nos cordeiros suplementados com concentrado. Os sistemas alimentares testados produzem carcaças com características semelhantes. A suplementação, com leguminosa ou concentrado, altera os componentes corporais de cordeiros lactentes mantidos em azevém.(AU)

This research objective was to evaluate the effect of private supplementation with concentrated or legumes, on the carcass characteristics and body components from suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture. Twenty seven suckling lambs were used, with about 17 days of age and weighing 9,91±0,594kg, which were distributed in the treatments that corresponded to feeding systems: suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture, suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture and supplemented with concentrated in private feeder (creep feeding) and suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture and supplemented with legume in the private pasture (creep grazing). The concentrate supplement was composed by corn, soybean meal and limestone, and was supplied ad libitum. The supplementary pasture was white clover legume. The experimental design was completely randomized, where the results were submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test at 5% of significance level. The gastrointestinal+bile+urine content and the proportion of esophagus were higher (P<0,05) in lambs kept on ryegrass. The liver and large intestine proportions were higher (P<0,05) in lambs supplemented with concentrate. The tested alimentary systems produce carcasses with similar characteristics. The supplementation with legume or concentrate cause changes in body components of suckling lambs grazing ryegrass.(AU)

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) on slaughter in lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês (DSI) on performance, carcass characteristics and commercial cuts. It was used twenty-four lambs, slaughtered with 2mm, 3mm and 4mm SFT. There was an effect of SFT on performance: for days of confinement (2mm = 51.38, 3mm = 66.50, 4mm = 91.63 days), age at slaughter (2mm = 139.38, 3mm = 159.88, 4mm = 171.00 days), final body weight (2mm = 33.50, 3mm = 42.81, 4mm = 46.19 kg), total weight gain (2mm = 18.75, 3mm = 25.08, 4mm = (2mm = 0.44, 3mm = 0.39, 4mm = 0.28kg), slaughter weight (2mm = 32.76, 3mm = 39.79, 4mm = 44.88 kg), body condition score (2mm = 2.97, 3mm = 3.13, 4mm = 3.56); for carcass characteristics: warm carcass weight (2mm = 15.33, 3mm = 19.16, 4mm = 21.90 kg) and cold (2mm = 15.03, 3mm = 18.75, 4mm = 21.47), cooling losses (2mm = 0.00234; 3mm = 0.00333; 4mm = 0.00201 kg), carcass yields: in the refrigerator (2mm=46,79; 3mm=48,30; 4mm=48,79%); commercial (2mm = 45.88, 3mm = 47.25, 4mm = 47.82%) and true (2mm = 52.93, 3mm = 54.51, 4mm = 55.67%); carcass compactness index (2mm= 0,250; 3mm=0,30; 4mm=0,33 kg/cm) for cut weights; neck (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,55; 4mm=0,56 kg); palette (2mm=1,38; 3mm=1,61; 4mm=2,14 kg), flank steak (2mm=2,16; 3mm=2,73; 4mm=3,19 kg), loin (2mm=0,93; 3mm=1,14; 4mm=1,25 kg), and leg (2mm=2,68; 3mm=3,20, 4mm=3,76 kg). For the tissue composition of only the muscular cuts of the neck (2mm = 50.24, 3mm = 51.44, 4mm = 55.34%), bone of the neck (2mm = 30.24, 3mm = 29.63, 4mm = 25.91%), of the loin (2mm=15,05; 3mm=24,63; 4mm=24,71%) and the leg (2mm=11,38; 3mm=13,33; 4mm=13,13%), they presented differences between the SFT (p> 0.05). It is recommended to slaughter lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês with 3mm of SFT.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da espessura de gordura subcutânea (EGS) ao abate em cordeiros ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês (DSI) sobre o desempenho, as características da carcaça e dos cortes comerciais. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros, abatidos com 2mm, 3mm e 4mm de EGS. Houve efeito da EGS sobre o desempenho: para dias de confinamento (2mm=51,38; 3mm=66,50; 4mm=91,63 dias), idade ao abate (2mm=139,38; 3mm=159,88; 4mm=171,00 dias), peso corporal final (2mm=33,50; 3mm=42,81; 4mm=46,19 kg), ganho de peso total (2mm=18,75; 3mm=25,08; 4mm=46,19 kg), ganho de peso diário (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,39; 4mm=0,28 kg), peso corporal ao abate (2mm=32,76; 3mm=39,79; 4mm=44,88 kg), escore de condição corporal (2mm=2,97; 3mm=3,13; 4mm=3,56); para características de carcaças: pesos da carcaça quente (2mm= 15,33; 3mm=19,16; 4mm=21,90 kg) e fria (2mm=15,03; 3mm=18,75; 4mm=21,47), perdas por resfriamento (2mm=0,00234; 3mm=0,00333; 4mm=0,00201 kg), rendimentos de carcaça: no frigorifico (2mm=46,79; 3mm=48,30; 4mm= 48,79%); comercial (2mm= 45,88; 3mm=47,25; 4mm=47,82%) e verdadeiro (2mm= 52,93; 3mm=54,51; 4mm=55,67%); índice de compacidade da carcaça (2mm= 0,250; 3mm=0,30; 4mm=0,33 kg/cm), para pesos dos cortes; pescoço (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,55; 4mm=0,56 kg); paleta (2mm=1,38; 3mm=1,61; 4mm=2,14 kg), costilhar (2mm=2,16; 3mm=2,73; 4mm=3,19 kg), lombo (2mm=0,93; 3mm=1,14; 4mm=1,25 kg), e perna (2mm=2,68; 3mm=3,20, 4mm=3,76 kg). Para a composição tecidual dos cortes apenas o muscular do pescoço (2mm=50,24; 3mm=51,44; 4mm=55,34%), ósseo do pescoço (2mm=30,24; 3mm=29,63; 4mm=25,91%), do lombo (2mm=15,05; 3mm=24,63; 4mm=24,71%) e da perna (2mm=11,38; 3mm=13,33; 4mm=13,13%), apresentaram diferenças entre as EGS (p>0,05). Recomenda-se o abate dos cordeiros ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês com 3mm de EGS.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) on slaughter in lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês (DSI) on performance, carcass characteristics and commercial cuts. It was used twenty-four lambs, slaughtered with 2mm, 3mm and 4mm SFT. There was an effect of SFT on performance: for days of confinement (2mm = 51.38, 3mm = 66.50, 4mm = 91.63 days), age at slaughter (2mm = 139.38, 3mm = 159.88, 4mm = 171.00 days), final body weight (2mm = 33.50, 3mm = 42.81, 4mm = 46.19 kg), total weight gain (2mm = 18.75, 3mm = 25.08, 4mm = (2mm = 0.44, 3mm = 0.39, 4mm = 0.28kg), slaughter weight (2mm = 32.76, 3mm = 39.79, 4mm = 44.88 kg), body condition score (2mm = 2.97, 3mm = 3.13, 4mm = 3.56); for carcass characteristics: warm carcass weight (2mm = 15.33, 3mm = 19.16, 4mm = 21.90 kg) and cold (2mm = 15.03, 3mm = 18.75, 4mm = 21.47), cooling losses (2mm = 0.00234; 3mm = 0.00333; 4mm = 0.00201 kg), carcass yields: in the refrigerator (2mm=46,79; 3mm=48,30; 4mm=48,79%); commercial (2mm = 45.88, 3mm = 47.25, 4mm = 47.82%) and true (2mm = 52.93, 3mm = 54.51, 4mm = 55.67%); carcass compactness index (2mm= 0,250; 3mm=0,30; 4mm=0,33 kg/cm) for cut weights; neck (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,55; 4mm=0,56 kg); palette (2mm=1,38; 3mm=1,61; 4mm=2,14 kg), flank steak (2mm=2,16; 3mm=2,73; 4mm=3,19 kg), loin (2mm=0,93; 3mm=1,14; 4mm=1,25 kg), and leg (2mm=2,68; 3mm=3,20, 4mm=3,76 kg). For the tissue composition of only the muscular cuts of the neck (2mm = 50.24, 3mm = 51.44, 4mm = 55.34%), bone of the neck (2mm = 30.24, 3mm = 29.63, 4mm = 25.91%), of the loin (2mm=15,05; 3mm=24,63; 4mm=24,71%) and the leg (2mm=11,38; 3mm=13,33; 4mm=13,13%), they presented differences between the SFT (p> 0.05). It is recommended to slaughter lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês with 3mm of SFT.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da espessura de gordura subcutânea (EGS) ao abate em cordeiros ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês (DSI) sobre o desempenho, as características da carcaça e dos cortes comerciais. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros, abatidos com 2mm, 3mm e 4mm de EGS. Houve efeito da EGS sobre o desempenho: para dias de confinamento (2mm=51,38; 3mm=66,50; 4mm=91,63 dias), idade ao abate (2mm=139,38; 3mm=159,88; 4mm=171,00 dias), peso corporal final (2mm=33,50; 3mm=42,81; 4mm=46,19 kg), ganho de peso total (2mm=18,75; 3mm=25,08; 4mm=46,19 kg), ganho de peso diário (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,39; 4mm=0,28 kg), peso corporal ao abate (2mm=32,76; 3mm=39,79; 4mm=44,88 kg), escore de condição corporal (2mm=2,97; 3mm=3,13; 4mm=3,56); para características de carcaças: pesos da carcaça quente (2mm= 15,33; 3mm=19,16; 4mm=21,90 kg) e fria (2mm=15,03; 3mm=18,75; 4mm=21,47), perdas por resfriamento (2mm=0,00234; 3mm=0,00333; 4mm=0,00201 kg), rendimentos de carcaça: no frigorifico (2mm=46,79; 3mm=48,30; 4mm= 48,79%); comercial (2mm= 45,88; 3mm=47,25; 4mm=47,82%) e verdadeiro (2mm= 52,93; 3mm=54,51; 4mm=55,67%); índice de compacidade da carcaça (2mm= 0,250; 3mm=0,30; 4mm=0,33 kg/cm), para pesos dos cortes; pescoço (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,55; 4mm=0,56 kg); paleta (2mm=1,38; 3mm=1,61; 4mm=2,14 kg), costilhar (2mm=2,16; 3mm=2,73; 4mm=3,19 kg), lombo (2mm=0,93; 3mm=1,14; 4mm=1,25 kg), e perna (2mm=2,68; 3mm=3,20, 4mm=3,76 kg). Para a composição tecidual dos cortes apenas o muscular do pescoço (2mm=50,24; 3mm=51,44; 4mm=55,34%), ósseo do pescoço (2mm=30,24; 3mm=29,63; 4mm=25,91%), do lombo (2mm=15,05; 3mm=24,63; 4mm=24,71%) e da perna (2mm=11,38; 3mm=13,33; 4mm=13,13%), apresentaram diferenças entre as EGS (p>0,05). Recomenda-se o abate dos cordeiros ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês com 3mm de EGS.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação privativa, com concentrado ou leguminosa, sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes corporais de cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pastejo de azevém. Foram utilizados 27 cordeiros lactentes, distribuídos nos tratamentos que corresponderam aos sistemas de alimentação: cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém, cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém e suplementados com concentrado em comedouro privativo (creep feeding) e cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém e suplementados com leguminosa no pasto privativo (creep grazing). O concentrado era composto por milho, farelo de soja e calcário calcítico, e a leguminosa utilizada foi o trevo-branco. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. O conteúdo do trato gastrintestinal juntamente com bile e urina e a proporção de esôfago foram maiores (P<0,05) nos cordeiros mantidos em pasto de azevém. As proporções de fígado e intestino grosso foram maiores (P<0,05) nos cordeiros suplementados com concentrado. Os sistemas alimentares testados produzem carcaças com características semelhantes. A suplementação, com leguminosa ou concentrado, altera os componentes corporais de cordeiros lactentes mantidos em azevém.(AU)

This research objective was to evaluate the effect of private supplementation with concentrated or legumes, on the carcass characteristics and body components from suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture. Twenty seven suckling lambs were used, with about 17 days of age and weighing 9,91±0,594kg, which were distributed in the treatments that corresponded to feeding systems: suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture, suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture and supplemented with concentrated in private feeder (creep feeding) and suckling lambs kept on ryegrass pasture and supplemented with legume in the private pasture (creep grazing). The concentrate supplement was composed by corn, soybean meal and limestone, and was supplied ad libitum. The supplementary pasture was white clover legume. The experimental design was completely randomized, where the results were submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test at 5% of significance level. The gastrointestinal+bile+urine content and the proportion of esophagus were higher (P<0,05) in lambs kept on ryegrass. The liver and large intestine proportions were higher (P<0,05) in lambs supplemented with concentrate. The tested alimentary systems produce carcasses with similar characteristics. The supplementation with legume or concentrate cause changes in body components of suckling lambs grazing ryegrass.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento, com diferentes proporções de caroço de algodão na dieta. Foram utilizados 45 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, da raça Ile de France. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por níveis de inclusão de caroço de algodão na matéria seca (MS) da dieta total (0%; 10%; 20%; 30% ou 40%), sendo a dieta composta por silagem de milho (Zea mays L.), grão de milho triturado (Zea mays L.), farelo de soja (Glycine max L.), caroço de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.), calcário calcítico e sal mineral, em proporção de volumoso:concentrado de 40:60. Os animais foram abatidos com peso de abate preestabelecido. O peso de carcaça quente e o peso de carcaça fria, bem como o índice de quebra ao resfriamento, o índice de compacidade, a conformação e o estado de engorduramento da carcaça, não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pelo nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. As características de rendimento de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça fria diminuíram linearmente (P≤0,05) à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta. Com relação à medida de espessura de gordura de cobertura, pode-se observar que houve comportamento quadrático crescente e, em relação à variável área de olho de lombo, o comportamento observado foi o linear decrescente. Quanto às proporções dos cortes comerciais da carcaça, o peso de perna diminuiu linearmente (P≤0,05) enquanto a porcentagem de perna foi influenciada de forma quadrática (P≤0,05) pela inclusão de caroço de algodão nas dietas. O trato gastrointestinal cheio e o conteúdo do trato gastrointestinal aumentam linearmente (P≤0,05) com o incremento do nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. Algumas das características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça tiveram influência negativa da elevação do teor de fibra e de lipídios da dieta à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta total.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the carcass and non carcass components characteristics of lambs finished in feedlot with different proportions of cottonseed on the diet. Forty five lambs, non castrated males, from Ile de France race. The treatments were constituted by levels of inclusion of cottonseed on dry matter (DM) of the total diet (0%; 10%; 20%; 30% or 40%), being the diet composed by corn silage (Zea mays L.), ground corn grain (Zea mays L.), soybean meal (Glycine max L.), cottonseed (Gossypiumhirsutum L.), limestone and mineral salt in a roughage: concentrate proportion of 40:60. The animals were slaughtered with a pre- established slaughter weight. The hot and cold carcass weight, as well as the carcass chilling index, the compactness index, the conformation and the fattening state of the carcass were not influenced (P> 0.05) by the level of inclusion of cottonseed on the diet. The hot and cold carcass yield decreased linearly (P≤ 0.05) as the cottonseed was included on the diet. Regarding the subcutaneous fat thickness it is possible to observe that there was a crescent quadratic behavior and in relation to the rib eye area variable, the behavior observed was linear decrescent. Regarding the proportions of the commercial cuts of the carcass, the leg weight decreased linearly (P≤ 0.05) while the percentage of leg was quadratic influenced (P≤ 0.05) by the inclusion of cottonseed on the diets. The full gastrointestinal tract and the gastrointestinal tract content increased linearly (P≤ 0.05) with the increase on the level of inclusion of cottonseed on the diet. Some of the carcass and non carcass components characteristics had negative influence of level fiber content and dietary lipids as it included cottonseed in the total diet.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of genetic group, pregnancyand animal age on the carcass traits and commercial cut patterns of sheep carcasses. In the first experiment,the effect of pregnancy and genetic group were evaluated on 61 eleven month old Santa Inês ewes and theircrosses with Texel, Dorper and Ile de France. Experiment 2 was carried out with 132 Santa Inêsnulliparous or lambed ewes slaughtered with ages ranging from 6 to 48 months to evaluate the influence ofage on carcass traits. For both experiments, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass yield, coldcarcass yield and carcass length were measured, as well as the yields and percentages of shoulder, neck, loin,belly, ribs, leg and leg length and perimeter. In experiment 1, the Santa Inês breed presented similar carcassand cut traits compared to the others genetic groups evaluated, except for fasting body weight. Lambedanimals had lower body condition score than nulliparous females. In experiment 2, fasting body weight,loin, rib and leg weights, as well as the leg perimeter, presented a quadratic effect with increasing age. Idealslaughter age is before 16 months to obtain more expensive cuts.(AU)

Foram realizados dois experimentos para se avaliar a influência do grupo genético, da prenheze da idade do animal sobre as características da carcaça e dos cortes comerciais de ovelhas. No primeiroexperimento foi avaliado o efeito da prenhez e do grupo genético em 61 ovelhas Santa Inês e seuscruzamentos com Texel, Dorper e Ilê de France. O experimento 2 foi conduzido com 132 ovelhas SantaInês prenhes e não prenhes abatidas com idades entre 6 a 48 meses para avaliar a influência da idade sobreas características da carcaça. Em ambos os experimentos foram realizadas medidas de peso de carcaçaquente, peso de carcaça fria, rendimento de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça fria e comprimento dacarcaça, assim como o rendimento e a percentagem da paleta, pescoço, lombo, fralda, costela e pernil, alémdo comprimento e perímetro do pernil. No experimento 1, a raça Santa Inês apresentou similaridade paraas características da carcaça e dos cortes com os outros grupos genéticos avaliados, exceto para o peso decorpo vazio. As fêmeas que pariram apresentaram menor escore de condição corporal que as fêmeasnulíparas. No experimento 2, o peso vivo em jejum, os pesos do lombo, costela e pernil, bem como acircunferência do pernil apresentaram efeito quadrático com o aumento da idade. A idade de abate idealsitua-se antes dos 16 meses de idade para a obtenção de cortes mais caros.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento, com diferentes proporções de caroço de algodão na dieta. Foram utilizados 45 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, da raça Ile de France. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por níveis de inclusão de caroço de algodão na matéria seca (MS) da dieta total (0%; 10%; 20%; 30% ou 40%), sendo a dieta composta por silagem de milho (Zea mays L.), grão de milho triturado (Zea mays L.), farelo de soja (Glycine max L.), caroço de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.), calcário calcítico e sal mineral, em proporção de volumoso:concentrado de 40:60. Os animais foram abatidos com peso de abate preestabelecido. O peso de carcaça quente e o peso de carcaça fria, bem como o índice de quebra ao resfriamento, o índice de compacidade, a conformação e o estado de engorduramento da carcaça, não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pelo nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. As características de rendimento de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça fria diminuíram linearmente (P≤0,05) à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta. Com relação à medida de espessura de gordura de cobertura, pode-se observar que houve comportamento quadrático crescente e, em relação à variável área de olho de lombo, o comportamento observado foi o linear decrescente. Quanto às proporções dos cortes comerciais da carcaça, o peso de perna diminuiu linearmente (P≤0,05) enquanto a porcentagem de perna foi influenciada de forma quadrática (P≤0,05) pela inclusão de caroço de algodão nas dietas. O trato gastrointestinal cheio e o conteúdo do trato gastrointestinal aumentam linearmente (P≤0,05) com o incremento do nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. Algumas das características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça tiveram influência negativa da elevação do teor de fibra e de lipídios da dieta à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta total.(AU)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the carcass and non carcass components characteristics of lambs finished in feedlot with different proportions of cottonseed on the diet. Forty five lambs, non castrated males, from Ile de France race. The treatments were constituted by levels of inclusion of cottonseed on dry matter (DM) of the total diet (0%; 10%; 20%; 30% or 40%), being the diet composed by corn silage (Zea mays L.), ground corn grain (Zea mays L.), soybean meal (Glycine max L.), cottonseed (Gossypiumhirsutum L.), limestone and mineral salt in a roughage: concentrate proportion of 40:60. The animals were slaughtered with a pre- established slaughter weight. The hot and cold carcass weight, as well as the carcass chilling index, the compactness index, the conformation and the fattening state of the carcass were not influenced (P> 0.05) by the level of inclusion of cottonseed on the diet. The hot and cold carcass yield decreased linearly (P≤ 0.05) as the cottonseed was included on the diet. Regarding the subcutaneous fat thickness it is possible to observe that there was a crescent quadratic behavior and in relation to the rib eye area variable, the behavior observed was linear decrescent. Regarding the proportions of the commercial cuts of the carcass, the leg weight decreased linearly (P≤ 0.05) while the percentage of leg was quadratic influenced (P≤ 0.05) by the inclusion of cottonseed on the diets. The full gastrointestinal tract and the gastrointestinal tract content increased linearly (P≤ 0.05) with the increase on the level of inclusion of cottonseed on the diet. Some of the carcass and non carcass components characteristics had negative influence of level fiber content and dietary lipids as it included cottonseed in the total diet.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of genetic group, pregnancyand animal age on the carcass traits and commercial cut patterns of sheep carcasses. In the first experiment,the effect of pregnancy and genetic group were evaluated on 61 eleven month old Santa Inês ewes and theircrosses with Texel, Dorper and Ile de France. Experiment 2 was carried out with 132 Santa Inêsnulliparous or lambed ewes slaughtered with ages ranging from 6 to 48 months to evaluate the influence ofage on carcass traits. For both experiments, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass yield, coldcarcass yield and carcass length were measured, as well as the yields and percentages of shoulder, neck, loin,belly, ribs, leg and leg length and perimeter. In experiment 1, the Santa Inês breed presented similar carcassand cut traits compared to the others genetic groups evaluated, except for fasting body weight. Lambedanimals had lower body condition score than nulliparous females. In experiment 2, fasting body weight,loin, rib and leg weights, as well as the leg perimeter, presented a quadratic effect with increasing age. Idealslaughter age is before 16 months to obtain more expensive cuts.

Foram realizados dois experimentos para se avaliar a influência do grupo genético, da prenheze da idade do animal sobre as características da carcaça e dos cortes comerciais de ovelhas. No primeiroexperimento foi avaliado o efeito da prenhez e do grupo genético em 61 ovelhas Santa Inês e seuscruzamentos com Texel, Dorper e Ilê de France. O experimento 2 foi conduzido com 132 ovelhas SantaInês prenhes e não prenhes abatidas com idades entre 6 a 48 meses para avaliar a influência da idade sobreas características da carcaça. Em ambos os experimentos foram realizadas medidas de peso de carcaçaquente, peso de carcaça fria, rendimento de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça fria e comprimento dacarcaça, assim como o rendimento e a percentagem da paleta, pescoço, lombo, fralda, costela e pernil, alémdo comprimento e perímetro do pernil. No experimento 1, a raça Santa Inês apresentou similaridade paraas características da carcaça e dos cortes com os outros grupos genéticos avaliados, exceto para o peso decorpo vazio. As fêmeas que pariram apresentaram menor escore de condição corporal que as fêmeasnulíparas. No experimento 2, o peso vivo em jejum, os pesos do lombo, costela e pernil, bem como acircunferência do pernil apresentaram efeito quadrático com o aumento da idade. A idade de abate idealsitua-se antes dos 16 meses de idade para a obtenção de cortes mais caros.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and centesimal and mineral composition of non-carcass components of lambs fed diets containing 0, 12.5 and 25.0% mulberry hay as concentrate substitute. Twenty-four uncastrated male Ile de France lambs with an initial body weight of 15 kg and final weight of 32 kg were used. The increase in mulberry hay in the diet exerted a quadratic effect on esophageal (R2=1.0) and spleen weight (R2=1.0), pulmonary iron content (R2=0.94), calcium content of the heart (R2=0.99), and sodium and potassium content of the kidneys (R2=1.0). A linearly decreasing effect (R2=0.98) was observed for skin and paws weight (R2=0.93), and linearly increasing effect for copper content of the lung (R2=1.0), sodium content of the liver (R2=0.93), potassium content of the heart, (R2=0.97) and iron content of the kidneys (R2=0.77). There was a linearly increasing effect on most minerals in the tongue, except for magnesium, manganese and zinc. The centesimal composition of non-carcass components did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. In conclusion, mulberry hay can be included at up to 25% in the diet of lambs without negatively altering the main quantitative and nutritional characteristics of non-carcass components of sheep.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento e a composição centesimal e mineral dos não componentes da carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo 0; 12,5 e 25,0% de feno de amoreira em substituição ao concentrado. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos não castrados da raça Ile de France, com peso corporal inicial de 15 kg e final de 32 kg. Observou-se que à medida que aumentou feno de amoreira na dieta houve efeito quadrático para os pesos de esôfago (R2=1,0) e baço (R2=1,0), teor de ferro do pulmão (R2=0,94), cálcio no coração (R2=0,99) e sódio e potássio nos rins (R2= 1,00). Efeito linear decrescente foi observado para peso da pele (R2=0,98) e extremidade dos membros (R2=0,93), e linear crescente para o teor de cobre no pulmão (R2=1,00), sódio no fígado (R2=0,93), potássio no coração, (R2=0,97) e ferro nos rins (R2=0,77). Houve efeito linear crescente para a maioria dos minerais na língua, exceto para magnésio, manganês e zinco. A composição centesimal dos não componentes da carcaça não diferiu (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos. Desta forma, o feno de amoreira pode ser incluído até 25% na dieta dos cordeiros sem alterar negativamente as principais características quantitativas e nutricionais dos não componentes da carcaça ovina.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and centesimal and mineral composition of non-carcass components of lambs fed diets containing 0, 12.5 and 25.0% mulberry hay as concentrate substitute. Twenty-four uncastrated male Ile de France lambs with an initial body weight of 15 kg and final weight of 32 kg were used. The increase in mulberry hay in the diet exerted a quadratic effect on esophageal (R2=1.0) and spleen weight (R2=1.0), pulmonary iron content (R2=0.94), calcium content of the heart (R2=0.99), and sodium and potassium content of the kidneys (R2=1.0). A linearly decreasing effect (R2=0.98) was observed for skin and paws weight (R2=0.93), and linearly increasing effect for copper content of the lung (R2=1.0), sodium content of the liver (R2=0.93), potassium content of the heart, (R2=0.97) and iron content of the kidneys (R2=0.77). There was a linearly increasing effect on most minerals in the tongue, except for magnesium, manganese and zinc. The centesimal composition of non-carcass components did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. In conclusion, mulberry hay can be included at up to 25% in the diet of lambs without negatively altering the main quantitative and nutritional characteristics of non-carcass components of sheep.

Objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento e a composição centesimal e mineral dos não componentes da carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo 0; 12,5 e 25,0% de feno de amoreira em substituição ao concentrado. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos não castrados da raça Ile de France, com peso corporal inicial de 15 kg e final de 32 kg. Observou-se que à medida que aumentou feno de amoreira na dieta houve efeito quadrático para os pesos de esôfago (R2=1,0) e baço (R2=1,0), teor de ferro do pulmão (R2=0,94), cálcio no coração (R2=0,99) e sódio e potássio nos rins (R2= 1,00). Efeito linear decrescente foi observado para peso da pele (R2=0,98) e extremidade dos membros (R2=0,93), e linear crescente para o teor de cobre no pulmão (R2=1,00), sódio no fígado (R2=0,93), potássio no coração, (R2=0,97) e ferro nos rins (R2=0,77). Houve efeito linear crescente para a maioria dos minerais na língua, exceto para magnésio, manganês e zinco. A composição centesimal dos não componentes da carcaça não diferiu (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos. Desta forma, o feno de amoreira pode ser incluído até 25% na dieta dos cordeiros sem alterar negativamente as principais características quantitativas e nutricionais dos não componentes da carcaça ovina.

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RESUMO

In recent decades, the Brazilian market for sheep meat has increased substantially, and the State of Mato Grosso had thehighest growth rate in Brazil. However, information about ovine production systems in this region is lacking. This study aimed tocharacterize productive systems of sheep in the medium northern region of Mato Grosso, by application of qualitative and quantitativequestionnaires. Among 40 properties evaluated, herds there were predominately with fewer than 100 animals (82.5%, 33/40), withsemi-intensive exploration focused on meat production. Livestock sheep was a secondary economic activity in 92.5% (37/40) offarms, and sheep were kept only for family consumption in 60.0% (24/40). Poor health management resulted in the occurrenceof various diseases, and myiasis was the most frequently cited disease (65.0%, 26/40). Sheep farming has a great potential fordevelopment in Mato Grosso. However, the activity is neglected in many ways, including animal health.(AU)

Nas últimas décadas o mercado brasileiro de carne ovina aumentou substancialmente, e o estado de Mato Grosso apresentou amaior taxa de crescimento do Brasil, apesar da falta de informações sobre os sistemas de produção nesta região. Este estudo tevecomo objetivo caracterizar os sistemas de produção de ovinos da região meio-norte do Mato Grosso, utilizando um questionáriocom perguntas qualitativas e quantitativas. Dentre as 40 propriedades avaliadas foram predominantes (82,5%; 33/40) rebanhoscom menos de 100 animais, com exploração semi-intensiva, voltada para a produção de carne. A ovinocultura foi citada comoatividade econômica secundária em 92,5% (37/40) dos rebanhos e, em 60,0% (24/40) das propriedades, os animais eram mantidosapenas para consumo familiar. O manejo sanitário deficiente resultou na ocorrência de diversas doenças, sendo os casos demiíases os mais citados (65,0%; 26/40). A ovinocultura possui grande potencial para o desenvolvimento em Mato Grosso. Noentanto, a atividade ainda é negligenciada em muitos aspectos, incluindo a saúde animal.(AU)

Assuntos