RESUMO
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in oncology have repercussions in hearing health, and can damage structures of the inner ear. These repercussions usually, result in a bilateral and irreversible hearing loss. OBJECTIVE: To identify sensorineural hearing loss cases with complaints of tinnitus and difficulty in speech understanding and investigate their relationship with the types of chemotherapy and radiotherapy the patients received. METHODS: Cross-sectional, clinical, observational, analytical, historical cohort study of 58 subjects treated in a public hospital in the state of Sergipe, diagnosed with neoplasia. The subjects were submitted to anamnesis, conventional pure tone audiometry, and speech recognition threshold. RESULTS: Of the 116 ears, 25.9% presented sensorioneural hearing loss characterized by changes in high frequencies. There was a positive correlation between hearing loss and the association of chemotherapy and radiotherapy ( p = 0.035; R = 0.196). The auditory complaint analysis shows that most of the subjects had tinnitus and speech understanding difficulty, even with a normal auditory threshold. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer treatment causes hearing loss, associated with the administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cyclophosphamide increased the risk of causing hearing loss. Complaints of tinnitus and speech understanding difficulty were observed.
RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: O tratamento quimioterápico e radioterápico na oncologia tem repercussão na saúde auditiva e pode lesar estruturas da orelha interna. Ocasiona perda auditiva, geralmente bilateral e irreversível. OBJETIVO: Identificar casos de perda auditiva sensorioneural e sua relação com a média de sessões de quimioterapia e radioterapia, com queixas de zumbido e dificuldade de entendimento da fala, bem como sua relação com medicamentos quimioterápicos. MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte histórica com corte transversal, clínico, observacional, analítico e retrospectivo em 58 sujeitos de um hospital público de Sergipe diagnosticados com neoplasia. Realizou-se anamnese, avaliação audiológica tonal convencional e pesquisa do limiar de reconhecimento de fala. RESULTADOS: Das 116 orelhas; 25,9% apresentaram perda auditiva sensorioneural caracterizada por alterações nas frequências agudas. Observou-se correlação significativa entre perda auditiva e associação da quimioterapia e radioterapia (p = 0,035; R = 0,196). Na análise das queixas auditivas, verificou-se que a maioria apresentou zumbido e dificuldade de entendimento de fala, mesmo com limiares auditivos normais. CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento oncológico gera perda auditiva, que foi determinada pela associação da quimioterapia e radioterapia. Ciclofosfamida aumentou as chances de gerar perda auditiva. Verificou-se presença de queixas de zumbido e dificuldade de entendimento da fala.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/etiologia , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos , Audiometria de Tons Puros , Limiar Auditivo , Brasil , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Orelha Interna/efeitos dos fármacos , Orelha Interna/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Zumbido/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in oncology have repercussions in hearing health, and can damage structures of the inner ear. These repercussions usually, result in a bilateral and irreversible hearing loss. OBJECTIVE: To identify sensorineural hearing loss cases with complaints of tinnitus and difficulty in speech understanding and investigate their relationship with the types of chemotherapy and radiotherapy the patients received. METHODS: Cross-sectional, clinical, observational, analytical, historical cohort study of 58 subjects treated in a public hospital in the state of Sergipe, diagnosed with neoplasia. The subjects were submitted to anamnesis, conventional pure tone audiometry, and speech recognition threshold. RESULTS: Of the 116 ears, 25.9% presented sensorioneural hearing loss characterized by changes in high frequencies. There was a positive correlation between hearing loss and the association of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (p=0.035; R=0.196). The auditory complaint analysis shows that most of the subjects had tinnitus and speech understanding difficulty, even with a normal auditory threshold. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer treatment causes hearing loss, associated with the administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cyclophosphamide increased the risk of causing hearing loss. Complaints of tinnitus and speech understanding difficulty were observed.