RESUMO
Abstract It was investigated the perception of service users in relation to the professional practice of dentists, based on gender differences. The Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) was applied to 900 users of the Public Service in Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Sixty clinics were selected using random sampling, divided between conventional Primary Health Care (PHC) Units and PHC with Family Health System Units. The attributes of PHC that compound the PCATool were analyzed. A question was added about user preference regarding the gender of the dental professional, thus generating four dyads derived from user gender/dentist gender (FF, FM, MM, MF). The attributes were linked to the dyads by applying the independent sample t test. Using logistic regression, the dyads were linked to 23 factors relating to scaled-up care in PHC. Many users showed a clear preference for being attended by female dentists. Users who prefer to be cared for by women tend to better evaluate PHC on issues related to "active listening", while those who prefer to be cared for by male dentists highlight the attributes of "care integration" and "community guidance". In other factors and attributes studied, there is no difference between the care given by men or women, regardless the unit.
Resumo Investigou-se a percepção dos usuários do serviço quanto à prática profissional dos dentistas, com base em diferenças de gênero. O Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) foi aplicado a 900 usuários do Serviço Público de Curitiba, PR, Brasil. Sessenta clínicas odontológicas foram selecionadas usando amostragem aleatória, divididas entre unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) convencional e unidades de APS com Estratégia Saúde da Família. Os atributos da APS no PCATool foram analisados. Uma questão foi adicionada acerca da preferência do usuário em relação ao gênero do dentista, gerando quatro díades derivadas da combinação do gênero do usuário/gênero do dentista (FF, FM, MM, MF). Os atributos foram ligados às díades pelo teste t para amostras independentes. Por regressão logística, as díades foram relacionadas a 23 fatores referentes aos cuidados ampliados na APS. Muitos usuários mostraram preferência por dentistas mulheres. Esses tendem a avaliar melhor os cuidados de saúde primários quanto à "escuta ativa e qualificada", enquanto aqueles que preferem ser atendidos por homens destacam os atributos de "integração do cuidado" e "orientação comunitária". Em outros fatores e atributos estudados, não há diferença entre o atendimento prestado por homens ou mulheres, independentemente da unidade.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Relações Dentista-Paciente , Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Odontólogos/estatística & dados numéricos , Prática Profissional , Brasil , Saúde Bucal , Saúde da Família/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Odontólogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Preferência do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
It was investigated the perception of service users in relation to the professional practice of dentists, based on gender differences. The Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) was applied to 900 users of the Public Service in Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Sixty clinics were selected using random sampling, divided between conventional Primary Health Care (PHC) Units and PHC with Family Health System Units. The attributes of PHC that compound the PCATool were analyzed. A question was added about user preference regarding the gender of the dental professional, thus generating four dyads derived from user gender/dentist gender (FF, FM, MM, MF). The attributes were linked to the dyads by applying the independent sample t test. Using logistic regression, the dyads were linked to 23 factors relating to scaled-up care in PHC. Many users showed a clear preference for being attended by female dentists. Users who prefer to be cared for by women tend to better evaluate PHC on issues related to "active listening", while those who prefer to be cared for by male dentists highlight the attributes of "care integration" and "community guidance". In other factors and attributes studied, there is no difference between the care given by men or women, regardless the unit.
Assuntos
Relações Dentista-Paciente , Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Odontólogos/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Odontólogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde da Família/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Bucal , Preferência do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Prática Profissional , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
As women enter the dental profession in increasing numbers in North America and around the world, the questions of how they perceive their environment and what kind of barriers they face are important subjects to be addressed. The aim of this study was to assess and compare women dental students' perceptions of bias in their environment and experiences of sexual misconduct at one dental school in each of four countries. In spring 2017, 1,293 female students at four dental schools in the U.S., Bulgaria, Brazil, and India were invited to participate in a 24-item survey developed by researchers from the four countries; 990 students responded (response rate 76.6%). The overall majority of the respondents reported thinking the admissions process at their school was fair (79.7%); but a fifth of U.S. and Brazilian students perceived their school was not fully embracing of females, with most Bulgarian students agreeing (87.2%) and all Indian students disagreeing. Most respondents overall perceived that male faculty members did not favor male students (79.5%) and did not think there was discrimination against female students by faculty (87.1%), but half of the U.S. respondents reported feeling discriminated against by both male faculty and male students. When the responses "I've been verbally harassed" and "I've been somewhat verbally harassed" were combined, 10.1% of the U.S. respondents reported verbal harassment, compared to 20% of Brazilian, 15% of Bulgarian, and 2% of Indian respondents. When the responses "I've been sexually assaulted" and "I've been somewhat sexually assaulted" were combined, 6% of U.S. respondents reported being sexually assaulted, compared to 6.2% of Brazilian, 2.5% of Bulgarian, and none of the Indian respondents. Almost half (46.9%) of these students overall perceived their school was not or only somewhat vigilant about issues of sexual misconduct, and only 54% said they would feel comfortable or very comfortable reporting misconduct. These results suggest that academic dental institutions in all four countries need improvements to make their environments more equitable and free of bias and sexual misconduct.
Assuntos
Faculdades de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Sexismo/estatística & dados numéricos , Assédio Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Bulgária , Odontólogas/psicologia , Odontólogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Docentes de Odontologia/ética , Docentes de Odontologia/psicologia , Docentes de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Índia , Masculino , Faculdades de Odontologia/ética , Sexismo/psicologia , Assédio Sexual/psicologia , Estudantes de Odontologia/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Mão de Obra em Saúde , Odontólogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Odontólogas/história , Argentina , Faculdades de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Identidade de Gênero , Conhecimento , Médicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Sexo , Distribuição por Sexo , Sociedades Científicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , UniversidadesAssuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Odontólogas/história , Odontólogas/estatística & dados numéricos , /tendências , Sexo , Identidade de Gênero , Universidades/história , Universidades , Argentina/epidemiologia , Médicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Conhecimento , Faculdades de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Sociedades Científicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição por SexoRESUMO
La incursión de las mujeres en el mundo de la odontología es presentada, así como los antecedentes que lo permitieron
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Odontólogas/estatística & dados numéricos , Odontólogas/história , Papel (figurativo) , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
A survey carried out to determine the status quo of female dentists in developing countries revealed that generally women dentists are increasing in numbers and, on the whole, job opportunities are equally available to them. The findings suggest that the image of dentistry as a career for women is improving.