RESUMO
Intestinal obstruction leads to blockage of the movement of intestinal contents. After relieving the obstruction, patients might still suffer with compromised immune function and nutritional deficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Sijunzi decoction on restoring the immune function and nutritional status after relieving the obstruction. Experimental rabbits (2.5±0.2 kg) were randomly divided into normal control group, 2-day intestinal obstruction group, 2-day natural recovery group, 4-day natural recovery group, 2-day treated group, and 4-day treated group. Sijunzi decoction was given twice a day to the treated groups. The concentration of markers was analyzed to evaluate the immune function and nutritional status. The concentration of interleukin-2, immunoglobulins and complement components of the treated groups were significantly higher than the natural recovery group (P<0.05). The levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased then decreased in the treated groups. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and CD8+ were significantly lower than the natural recovery group. The level of total protein in the treated groups also increased then decreased after relieving the obstruction. The levels of albumin, prealbumin and insulin-like growth factor-1 were significantly higher in the treated groups than in the natural recovery group (P<0.05). Transferrin level in the treated groups was significantly higher than the obstruction group (P<0.05). Sijunzi decoction can lessen the inflammatory response and improve the nutrition absorption after relieving the obstruction.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Sistema Imunitário/efeitos dos fármacos , Obstrução Intestinal/imunologia , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia/métodos , Animais , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Interleucina-2/análise , Obstrução Intestinal/reabilitação , Contagem de Linfócitos , Coelhos , Distribuição Aleatória , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Albumina Sérica/análise , Transferrinas/sangue , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análiseRESUMO
Intestinal obstruction leads to blockage of the movement of intestinal contents. After relieving the obstruction, patients might still suffer with compromised immune function and nutritional deficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Sijunzi decoction on restoring the immune function and nutritional status after relieving the obstruction. Experimental rabbits (2.5±0.2 kg) were randomly divided into normal control group, 2-day intestinal obstruction group, 2-day natural recovery group, 4-day natural recovery group, 2-day treated group, and 4-day treated group. Sijunzi decoction was given twice a day to the treated groups. The concentration of markers was analyzed to evaluate the immune function and nutritional status. The concentration of interleukin-2, immunoglobulins and complement components of the treated groups were significantly higher than the natural recovery group (P<0.05). The levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased then decreased in the treated groups. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and CD8+ were significantly lower than the natural recovery group. The level of total protein in the treated groups also increased then decreased after relieving the obstruction. The levels of albumin, prealbumin and insulin-like growth factor-1 were significantly higher in the treated groups than in the natural recovery group (P<0.05). Transferrin level in the treated groups was significantly higher than the obstruction group (P<0.05). Sijunzi decoction can lessen the inflammatory response and improve the nutrition absorption after relieving the obstruction.
Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Sistema Imunitário/efeitos dos fármacos , Obstrução Intestinal/imunologia , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia/métodos , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/citologia , Interleucina-2/análise , Obstrução Intestinal/reabilitação , Contagem de Linfócitos , Distribuição Aleatória , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Albumina Sérica/análise , Transferrinas/sangue , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There are substantial evidences suggesting that probiotics can protect the gastrointestinal tract against inflammatory or infectious episodes. The effects of oral treatment with viable or heat-killed cells of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) on bacterial translocation, intestinal permeability, histological aspect of the ileum, and some immunological parameters were evaluated in a murine intestinal obstruction (IO) model. RESULTS: Bacterial translocation and intestinal permeability in the IO group were significantly higher when compared to a Sham group (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with both viable and heat-killed S. boulardii prevented these increases, and the data obtained for IO + Sb and IO + heat-killed Sb groups were similar to those observed in the Sham group (p > 0.05). Histological analysis showed preservation of the ileum mucosa in mice that received both forms of the yeast when compared to the lesions observed in the IO group. The levels of serum interleukin (IL)-10 and intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were higher in the animals that received both yeast treatments when compared to those from IO and Sham groups. CONCLUSION: Oral treatment with viable or heat-killed cells of S. boulardii maintained intestinal integrity and modulated the immune system in a murine IO model, preventing bacterial translocation and intestinal lesions.
Assuntos
Translocação Bacteriana , Ileíte/prevenção & controle , Intestino Delgado/fisiopatologia , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Saccharomyces/fisiologia , Animais , Ingestão de Alimentos , Escherichia coli/fisiologia , Temperatura Alta , Ileíte/imunologia , Ileíte/patologia , Ileíte/fisiopatologia , Íleo/imunologia , Íleo/patologia , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise , Mediadores da Inflamação/sangue , Obstrução Intestinal/imunologia , Obstrução Intestinal/patologia , Obstrução Intestinal/fisiopatologia , Intestino Delgado/imunologia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Viabilidade Microbiana , Permeabilidade , Distribuição Aleatória , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores de Tempo , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Probiotic is a preparation containing microorganisms that confers beneficial effect to the host. This work assessed whether oral treatment with viable or heat-killed yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 prevents bacterial translocation (BT), intestinal barrier integrity, and stimulates the immunity, in a murine intestinal obstruction (IO) model. Four groups of mice were used: mice undergoing only laparotomy (CTL), undergoing intestinal obstruction (IO) and undergoing intestinal obstruction after previous treatment with viable or heat-killed yeast. BT, determined as uptake of (99m)Tc-E. coli in blood, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen and lungs, was significantly higher in IO group than in CTL group. Treatments with both yeasts reduced BT in blood and all organs investigated. The treatment with both yeasts also reduced intestinal permeability as determined by blood uptake of (99m)Tc-DTPA. Immunological data demonstrated that both treatments were able to significantly increase IL-10 levels, but only viable yeast had the same effect on sIgA levels. Intestinal lesions were more severe in IO group when compared to CTL and yeasts groups. Concluding, both viable and heat-killed cells of yeast prevent BT, probably by immunomodulation and by maintaining gut barrier integrity. Only the stimulation of IgA production seems to depend on the yeast viability.
Assuntos
Translocação Bacteriana , Imunomodulação , Obstrução Intestinal/terapia , Intestinos/fisiopatologia , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Animais , Escherichia coli/fisiologia , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise , Interleucina-10/sangue , Mucosa Intestinal/imunologia , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Mucosa Intestinal/fisiopatologia , Obstrução Intestinal/imunologia , Obstrução Intestinal/microbiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/patologia , Intestinos/imunologia , Intestinos/microbiologia , Intestinos/patologia , Fígado/microbiologia , Fígado/patologia , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/patologia , Linfonodos/microbiologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Viabilidade Microbiana , Permeabilidade , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/fisiologia , Baço/microbiologia , Baço/patologia , Pentetato de Tecnécio Tc 99mRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to observe and characterize colonic and lung lesions in horses subjected to experimental distension and decompression of the small colon. Sixteen healthy adult horses were divided into 2 groups: 9 horses that were subjected to distension of the small colon by means of a latex balloon surgically implanted in the lumen and inflated to a pressure of 40 mm Hg for 4 h, and 7 horses in which the balloon was implanted but not inflated. Colonic biopsy specimens were collected before balloon implantation, at the end of the period of obstruction, and 1.5 and 12 h after decompression and were examined for hemorrhage, edema, and neutrophil infiltration; myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and hemoglobin concentration were measured as well. At the end of the experiment, lung samples were also collected and examined for neutrophil accumulation and MPO activity. The mucosa was not affected by luminal distension; lesions were restricted to the seromuscular layer. Neutrophil accumulation and edema were observed in the samples from both groups of horses but were greater in those from the distension group, in which there was also hemorrhage, fibrin deposition, and increased MPO activity in the seromuscular layer. Similarly, there was greater accumulation of neutrophils in the lung samples from the distension group than in those from the sham-operated group, as determined by histologic evaluation and MPO assay. These findings provide new evidence of reperfusion injury and a systemic inflammatory response, followed by remote lesions, in horses with intestinal obstruction.
Assuntos
Doenças do Colo/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologia , Obstrução Intestinal/veterinária , Pulmão/patologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Colo/imunologia , Doenças do Colo/patologia , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/análise , Doenças dos Cavalos/imunologia , Cavalos , Obstrução Intestinal/imunologia , Obstrução Intestinal/patologia , Pulmão/imunologia , Masculino , Ativação de Neutrófilo , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Distribuição Aleatória , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/imunologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Bacterial translocation (Bt) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to systemic organs creates the possibility of Infection and sepsis in a great number of pathologic entities. In a mouse model of Intestinal Obstruction (IO), we evaluated the type of micro-organisms and the organs that bacteria frequent translocated. At 24 hours post-10, positive cultures where obtained at the MLN, portal, systemic circulation and peritoneal cavity, establishing that the translocation is bi-directional. The more frequent bacteria isolated were the Streptococcus group D, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., an clostridium. BT occurs at 24 hour post-OI and was due to increased intestinal permeability, at 48 hrs BT increased and related to the physical disruption of the mucosal barrier in the intestinal mucosa. Cell mediated immunity (CMI) response in this model was not altered, although a progressive decrease was observed at 48 hrs it was not significant, suggesting that the CMI play no role in the pathogenesis of BT. In the Control-Laparotomy group, CMI response was increased significantly at 48 hours, suggesting that a simple laparotomy boost the immune defense response.