RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Investigate whether obesity is responsible for costs due to productivity loss (PL) in adults, during 30 months of follow-up. METHODS: Absenteeism and disability retirement were considered as PL. For classification of obesity, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) values were considered. The statistical software BioEstat (release 5.0) was used and the significance level was set at P valueâ<â0.05. RESULTS: For the men, BMI and WC accounted for â¼60% and â¼30% of retirement due to disability (Pâ=â0.001). For the women, this percentage represented â¼19% for BMI and â¼8% for WC, both Pâ<â0.05. Physical activity was not a significant confounder in any of the analyses (Pâ>â0.05). CONCLUSION: Total and abdominal obesity were responsible for increased costs from PL due to early retirement among adults aged 50 years or older.
Assuntos
Pessoas com Deficiência , Eficiência , Obesidade/economia , Aposentadoria/economia , Absenteísmo , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Pessoas com Deficiência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/economia , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Aposentadoria/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Circunferência da CinturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases in developed societies, but investigation of SES and cardiometabolic risk in children in less economically developed populations is sparse. We aimed to examine associations among SES and cardiometabolic risk factors in Colombian children. METHODS: We used data from a population-based study of 1282 children aged 6-10â years from Bucaramanga, Colombia. SES was classified according to household wealth, living conditions and access to public utilities. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured at a clinic visit. Cardiometabolic risk factors were analysed continuously using linear regression and as binary outcomes-according to established paediatric cut points-using logistic regression to calculate OR and 95% CIs. RESULTS: Mean age of the children was 8.4 (SD 1.4) and 51.1% of the sample were boys. Odds of overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity and insulin resistance were greater among higher SES. Compared with the lowest SES stratum, children in the highest SES had higher odds of overweight/obesity (OR=3.25, 95% CI 1.89 to 5.57), abdominal obesity (OR=2.74, 95% CI 1.41 to 5.31) and insulin resistance (OR=2.60, 95% CI 1.81 to 3.71). In contrast, children in the highest SES had lower odds of hypertriglyceridaemia (triglycerides ≥90th centile; OR=0.28, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.54) and low (≤10th centile) high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (OR=0.35, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.78). CONCLUSIONS: In Colombian children, SES is directly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, but inversely associated with dyslipidaemia (hypertriglyceridaemia and low HDL cholesterol). Our findings highlight the need to analyse cardiometabolic risk factors separately in children and to carefully consider a population's level of economic development when studying their social determinants of cardiometabolic disease.
Assuntos
Adiposidade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade Infantil/epidemiologia , Classe Social , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde/economia , Análise de Variância , Doenças Cardiovasculares/economia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Países em Desenvolvimento/economia , Países em Desenvolvimento/estatística & dados numéricos , Dislipidemias/economia , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Modelos Lineares , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Obesidade Abdominal/economia , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Obesidade Infantil/economia , Exame Físico , Fatores de Proteção , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent nutritional disorder throughout the world. In particular, abdominal obesity is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic risk. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of skin colour and life-course socio-economic indicators on waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist:hip ratio (WHR) in young adults. DESIGN: Population-based birth cohort study. Individuals born in 1982 in Pelotas (southern Brazil) were visited on a number of occasions from birth to age 23-24 years. A sample of the cohort was sought in 2006 and 972 individuals were located. The analysis was restricted to individuals with complete data available (442 males, 414 females). RESULTS: In men, family income at birth and in 2004-5 were positively associated with WC and HC, but not with WHR. Regardless of current income, men born to wealthier families had larger WC and HC as adults. Skin colour was not associated with any of the outcomes. In women, early poverty was associated with smaller HC, and current poverty with larger WC. Poverty at any age thus led to higher WHR. Black women had larger WC and HC than white women, but there were no differences in WHR. All the associations were partially mediated by education and behavioural variables. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of early socio-economic position on WC and HC persist even after adjustment for adult socio-economic position, highlighting the importance of interventions during the first years of life.