RESUMO
Use of 2-nitroimidazole, 5-nitrofuran and 5-nitroimidazole compounds in T. cruzi-infected rabbits resulted in a reduction in duration of parasitaemia in comparison with untreated, infected rabbits. The chronic myocarditis associated with Chagas' disease was not, however, prevented in nitroarene-treated rabbits; lymphocytic infiltrates associated with cardiac cell lysis, in the absence of parasites in situ, were present in both treated and untreated rabbits. The carcinogenic effect of each trypanocidal nitroarene used in this study was also assessed. Administration of nitroarenes to rabbits resulted in the appearance of solid tumours in 37.8 per cent of animals that received drug therapy. Untreated, control rabbits in this series did not show tumour growth. Furthermore, malignant, mixed-cell type, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were seen in 32.4 per cent of the treated rabbits. It seems that a direct relationship could be present between the presence of the nitro group, the trypanocidal cytotoxicity and the prevalence of tumours. Benznidazole cleared up parasitaemias in the shortest time and was associated with 41.6 per cent of lymphoma growths, whereas MK-436 required twice as much time to clear blood parasites, and showed lymphomas in 25 per cent of experimental rabbits. The demonstration of a high prevalence of malignant tumours in addition to the chronic myocarditis of Chagas' disease in nitroarene-treated rabbits is important since indiscriminate use of such compounds currently used to treat T. cruzi infections in man could increase the risk of lymphoma.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/prevenção & controle , Linfoma não Hodgkin/induzido quimicamente , Miocardite/prevenção & controle , Nitrofuranos/efeitos adversos , Nitroimidazóis/efeitos adversos , Animais , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/patologia , Feminino , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Masculino , Miocardite/patologia , Miosite/etiologia , Nifurtimox/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/administração & dosagem , Nitroimidazóis/administração & dosagem , Coelhos , Trypanosoma cruzi/efeitos dos fármacosAssuntos
Humanos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/uso terapêutico , Argentina , Recidiva , Cefalosporinas/efeitos adversos , Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/uso terapêutico , Aminoglicosídeos/efeitos adversosAssuntos
Humanos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/efeitos adversos , Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Cefalosporinas/efeitos adversos , Aminoglicosídeos/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/uso terapêutico , Nitrofuranos/efeitos adversos , Recidiva , ArgentinaAssuntos
Humanos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/efeitos adversos , Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Cefalosporinas/efeitos adversos , Aminoglicosídeos/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/uso terapêutico , Nitrofuranos/efeitos adversos , Recidiva , ArgentinaRESUMO
American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease) is an endemic parasitic disease afflicting more than 20 million persons in Latin America. Two drugs are currently being used for treatment of the acute phase of Chagas' disease: 4-[(5-nitrofurfurylidene)amino-3-methylthiomorpholine-1,1-di oxide] (Nifurtimox; Nfx) and (N-benzl-2-nitro-1-imidazole acetamide) (Benznidazole; Bz). Nfx and Bz have serious undesirable effects, which have been reported during their clinical use, including anorexia and weight loss, nausea and vomiting, nervous excitation, insomnia, psyche depressions, convulsions, vertigo, headache, sleepiness, myalgias, arthralgias, loss of balance, disorientation, forgetfulness, paresthesias, adynamia, acoustic phenomena, peripheral neuropathies, gastralgia, mucosal edema, hepatic intolerance, skin manifestations, and intolerance to drinking alcohol. Effects in the central and peripheral nervous system of Nfx were also reproduced in animals. Signs of testicular and ovarian injury were reported for both Nfx and Bz, the effects of Bz being in general less intense than those of Nfx. Both drugs evidenced mutagenicity. In light of the present knowledge about the toxicity of Nfx and Bz, further studies on the mutagenic, teratogenic, carcinogenic, and reproductive effects of both drugs are recommended. Lack of information is particularly serious for Bz. Studies on Nfx and Bz biotransformation, activation to reactive metabolites, and potential mechanisms for their toxic effects were analyzed. Risk-benefit considerations of the use of Nfx and Bz were made and an analysis of the need for research on Chagas' disease chemotherapy was also performed.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Nifurtimox/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/efeitos adversos , Nitroimidazóis/efeitos adversos , Humanos , América Latina , Nifurtimox/uso terapêutico , Nitroimidazóis/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Fragilidade Cromossômica , Nifurtimox/efeitos adversos , Nitrofuranos/efeitos adversos , Nitroimidazóis/efeitos adversos , Tripanossomicidas/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Bandeamento Cromossômico , Humanos , Lactente , Metáfase , Testes para MicronúcleosRESUMO
Strips of gauze and furacin gauze were implanted into the subcutaneous space and employed as dressing of dorsal incisions of albino rats. The animals were sacrificed after 24 hours, 2, 5, and 7 post-operative days. The pieces were processed for histological examination. It is possible to conclude that the furacin gauze provokes more severe inflammatory reactions and does not favour the connective neoformation and the epithelization. The furacin gauze should be utilized only as germicide aim.