RESUMO
The hospitals mostly have a high level of complexity, diversity of services and, consequently, occupational risks. The tasks of mobilization and manual repositioning of patients may require professional of the physical demands due to the weight or excessive patient dependency, attitudes arising from inadequate to lean on a bed or work in a restricted area, sudden weight change that can occur if a patient loses balance or strength to change the position or while moving. These, among many other factors can cause or aggravate musculoskeletal problems in health care workers. These diseases translate into frequent musculoskeletal complaints, high rates of absenteeism, licenses and problems of prolonged labor, creating a vicious cycle that compromises patient safety and performance of institutions. The literature has suggested the administration of courses on handling and transportation of patients as one of the most important strategies to reduce the incidence of problems in the spine between the worker's healths. An exercise program emphasizing global distension and strength, mainly the posterior chain muscles (dorsal region), held twice a week, combined with an approach to ergonomics can reduce musculoskeletal symptoms and absenteeism in nursing.
Assuntos
Dor nas Costas/prevenção & controle , Capacitação em Serviço , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Movimentação e Reposicionamento de Pacientes/efeitos adversos , Movimentação e Reposicionamento de Pacientes/enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas , Dor nas Costas/etiologia , Brasil , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Segurança do Paciente , Projetos Piloto , Fatores de Risco , Carga de TrabalhoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Identify the prevalence of low back disorders and associated risks, as well as the characteristics and ergonomic factors present in the work of nursing professionals. METHODS: Systematic review based on the search of terms such as low back pain, professionals, hospital ergonomics, work organization, nursing found in national and international databases. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain symptoms was between 14.7% and 72% and the main cause, that is, the transference of the patient from bed to chair, leaded to the profession abandonment as a main consequence. CONCLUSION: it was possible to conclude that the prevalence of low back injury is high among nursing professionals and its causes are related to occupational factors - physical or psychological, which are in many cases permanent and disabling.