RESUMO
Dermatophytes invade the stratum corneum of the skin and other keratinized tissues such as hair and nails, and Trichophyton rubrum causes approximately 80% of cutaneous mycoses in humans. To evaluate the cellular immune response of patients with extensive dermatophytosis caused by T. rubrum, we evaluated lymphocyte populations, the lymphoproliferative response to: phytohaemagglutinin (PHA); anti-CD3 (OKT3); and pokeweed mitogen (PWM), Candida sp. (CMA), an extract of T. rubrum, and the main fungal epitope TriR2 (T). We also evaluated interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ after stimulation by PHA, CMA and TriR2. The immunophenotyping showed no differences between patients and controls. The lymphoproliferation test showed significant differences between the groups stimulated by PWM and CMA, as well as against TriR2, being significantly higher for the control group. Conversely, there were similar results for the groups after stimulation by the extract. The cytokines' quantification showed a significant difference between the groups only for IFN-γ stimulated by PHA and TriR2. We can conclude that the fungal extract can stimulate lymphoproliferation by both groups' lymphocytes. However, the response to Tri r2 was more specific. We showed that some patients with extensive dermatophytosis have normal cellular response, recognising both the extract and TriR2.
Assuntos
Imunidade Celular , Tinha/imunologia , Trichophyton/imunologia , Antígenos de Fungos/imunologia , Candida/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Proliferação de Células , Epitopos/imunologia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Interferon gama/imunologia , Interleucina-10/imunologia , Interleucina-4/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Contagem de Linfócitos , Muromonab-CD3/imunologia , Fito-Hemaglutininas/imunologia , Mitógenos de Phytolacca americana/imunologia , Tinha/microbiologiaRESUMO
Heparinised blood samples were obtained from 20 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and from 13 age-matched healthy controls. After preliminary titration, mononuclear cells separated over Ficoll-Tryoson were cultured for 5 days with 10 microg ml(-1) of 15 mycobacterial preparations, or with pokeweed mitogen and concanavalin A. Stimulation indices were determined for each reagent and means were determined for patients and controls. Results for patients showed a striking reduction of responsiveness to mycobacteria, apparently due to loss of responses to group i, common mycobacterial antigens, and no differences in responses to mitogens. These observations relate psoriasis to certain other diseases, notably mycobacterial infections, rheumatoid arthritis, Chagas' disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection. The observations may be relevant to the aetiology of psoriasis, and to potential immunotherapy for the disease.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Mycobacterium/imunologia , Psoríase/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Concanavalina A/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Análise por Pareamento , Mitógenos de Phytolacca americana/imunologia , Psoríase/sangueRESUMO
The neoplastic T cells from five patients with adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL), born in the Caribbean, were studied with respect to immunoregulatory activity on pokeweed mitogen (PWM) driven immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis as well as surface-marker phenotypes with monoclonal antibodies. The neoplastic T cells in all patients had an OKT1+4+8-11+M1-I1-3A1- phenotype, but differed in the reactivity with OKT3. None of the patients' cells exerted helper activity on PWM-induced Ig synthesis. The neoplastic cells of three patients had suppressor activity on PWM-induced Ig synthesis. All patients were positive for human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) or had antibodies against HTLV antigens. It has previously been shown that the neoplastic cells in Japanese ATLL patients and in patients from the Caribbean are indistinguishable by morphology and marker phenotype. We now show them to be also similar with respect to their functional properties.
Assuntos
Leucemia/sangue , Linfoma/sangue , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Linfócitos T/fisiologia , Adulto , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Deltaretrovirus/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/biossíntese , Leucemia/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Linfoma/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mitógenos de Phytolacca americana/imunologia , Índias OcidentaisRESUMO
The mitogenic selectivity of phytomitogens: phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) has been investigated, using, two mosaic lyphocyte cell lines from human donors: UGMC-0036 (45.X0/46.XX) and UGMC-0281 (46,XY/47,XXY) respectively, as a model to test karyotypic variation in terms of previously described heterogeneity of PHA and PWM responses of such cells onto the established T and B lymphocyte categories. A fixed peripheral blood leukocyte population was cultured by duplicated for each cell line (8 x10 a la 3 - 85 x 10 a la 2 cell/ml). Set of cultures were stimulated in paralell using, separately, PHA 0.25 ml/10 ml and PWM 0.1 ml/10 ml and incubated for 2.3.4.5. and 6 days. Mitotic Index calculations and Thymidine uptake (3H-TdR. 0.8 *Ci/ml) were used as a-measure of proliferative activity. Karyotypic analysis (n-20) were performed for each given experimental situation and pertinent metaphases recorded during maximum response periods to each polyclonal lymphocyte stimulant. Studies of the time course of thymidine incorporation in PHA as well as in PWM cultures, demostrate several differences in responce profiles elicited by them on both cell lines. To test the null hypothesis (H: p1-p2=0), which assumes no differences in the pairwise comparisons for karyotypic frequencies in the two cell lines stimulated separately, the test on the difference between the parameters of two binomial distribution was employed. Data analysis do not allowed, with the number of null hypothesis at the significance level set (D=0.05) in case of cell line UGMC-0036. However, values for cell line UGMC-0281 showed a significant heterogeneity in the 144 hrs. incubation period; so that, PHA-cultures gave a significant increase of 46.XY metaphases, whereas in PWM-cultures a significant increase for the 46.XXY clonus is demostrated. These observations suggest selective responses of T and B Lymphocytes, which may carry different sexual chromosome complement as result of nondisjuntion mitotic events during their clonal differentiation