RESUMO
Racehorses are exposed to repetitive overload during training and competition, causing joint hyperextension, tissue fatigue, and ultimately skeletal failure. Some degree of bone changes, such as sclerosis, are expected in equine athletes, as adaptation to the biomechanical rigors of training and racing. Understanding the imaging characteristics of the equine joint surface and subchondral bone would allow earlier detection of injuries or adaptation, improving prognosis and training programs. This study sought to describe the joint surface structural patterns and the periarticular structures of the third metacarpal bone (MC3). Both forelimbs of eight horses engaged in daily training programs, aged 3-5 years, which were euthanized for reasons unrelated to the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, were collected. Specimens were evaluated through macroscopic inspection, radiography, ultrasonography, and microscopic examinations, such as optical microscopy and microtomography. Analysis of the microtomography images showed that 50% of the samples had higher trabecular thickness in the lateral condyle. Comparison of each imaging examination revealed that ultrasound images were most closely related to the histological examination (p = .29) in terms of sensitivity, while macroscopic and radiographic examinations differed most between evaluators. Finally, the irregularities and modifications observed in the articular cartilage surface and subchondral bone were normal adaptations of the anatomical structures of trained racehorses, which should be considered during clinical examination.
Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular , Doenças dos Cavalos , Ossos Metacarpais , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Cavalos , Animais , Ossos Metacarpais/diagnóstico por imagem , Metacarpo/lesões , Metacarpo/patologia , Cartilagem Articular/diagnóstico por imagem , Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/etiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologiaRESUMO
Eumycetoma is a mycotic disease caused by saprophytic soil fungi that are usually inoculated through minor injuries. A case of mycetoma in a Brazilian farmer aged 71 years is reported. This patient presented erythema and edema on the dorsal surface of the left hand with multiple crusted and cicatricial lesions. No macroscopic grains were observed. The histopathological findings showed grains consisted of numerous hyphae which stained well with Gomori-Grocott method. This material obtained by cutaneous biopsy was submitted to culture on Sabouraud's medium and the colonies were identified as Fusarium solani. The radiological studies revealed bone osteolytic lesions and the ultrasound showed pseudocysts and fistulae at the site of this infection. The patient was treated with oral ketoconazole with a good clinical response.
Assuntos
Fusarium/isolamento & purificação , Dermatoses da Mão/microbiologia , Micoses/microbiologia , Osteólise/microbiologia , Idoso , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Mãos/diagnóstico por imagem , Mãos/patologia , Dermatoses da Mão/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatoses da Mão/patologia , Humanos , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Metacarpo/diagnóstico por imagem , Metacarpo/patologia , Micoses/diagnóstico por imagem , Micoses/patologia , Osteólise/diagnóstico por imagem , RadiografiaRESUMO
La presente comunicación tiene como finalidad mostrar la experiencia de los autores con un tutor externo desechable, de bajo costo y fácil uso en el tratamiento de las fracturas de metacarpianos y dedos, donde se logró una reducción aceptable y resultados funcionales. Se utiliza la fijación ósea con alambres Kirschner y estos se adosan a un sistema de alambre que soporta la reducción de la fractura y es mantenido rígido mediante un engomado con polímeros plásticos de alto peso molecular, retirando el sistema al lograr la consolidación clínica de la fractura. Se presentan doce casos de etiología variada, con un seguimiento mayor de dos años
Assuntos
Lactente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Fixadores Externos , Dedos/patologia , Fraturas Ósseas/terapia , Metacarpo/patologiaRESUMO
He is a 46 year old patient that consults on a tumor that deforms the back of his left hand. The X-ray examination shows a bone osteolytic tumor with complete dis appearance of the 4th metacarpal. Surgical removal of the tumor was practiced with immediate reconstruction of the 4th metacarpal by an oseo-iliac graft. Anatomopathological examination. It is an ovoid tumor 6.5 long and irregular surface.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Tumor de Células Gigantes do Osso/patologia , Metacarpo/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Transplante Ósseo , Seguimentos , Tumor de Células Gigantes do Osso/diagnóstico por imagem , Tumor de Células Gigantes do Osso/cirurgia , Células Gigantes/patologia , Deformidades Adquiridas da Mão/diagnóstico por imagem , Deformidades Adquiridas da Mão/patologia , Deformidades Adquiridas da Mão/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Metacarpo/diagnóstico por imagem , Metacarpo/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoclastos/patologia , Osteólise/diagnóstico por imagem , RadiografiaRESUMO
The sexual dimorphism in second metacarpal bone growth was investigated in 710 malnourished Guatemalan children one to seven years old to determine if the sex differences seen are only the result of differences in stature and weight. The study sample was mixed-longitudinal and consisted of 1,586 annual examinations. Boys have greater mean stature, weight, periosteal diameter, medullary diameter and cortical area than girls the same age, while girls have greater age specific mean cortical thickness and percent cortical area than boys. When the effects of stature, weight and age are removed boys still have significantly larger periosteal and medullary diameters and less cortical thickness and percent cortical area than girls. These differences between boys and girls therefore cannot be explained by sex differences in body size. However, no sex differences in cortical area remain after accounting for differences in stature, weight and age.